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Fe/Co and Ni/Co-pentlandite type electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction

Chinese Journal of Catalysis 2021年第8期42卷 1360-1369页

作者： Mathias Smialkowski David Tetzlaff Lars Hensgen daniel siegmund Ulf-Peter Apfel Inorganic Chemistry I-Ruhr University Bochum Universitätsstrasse 15044801 BochumGermany Fraunhofer UMSICHT Osterfelder Strasse 346047 OberhausenGermany Tribotecc GmbH Fleischmarkt 3-51010 ViennaAustria

Metal-rich transition metal sulfides recently gained increasing attention as electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),as they are capable to overcome major challenges faced by sulfide-rich metal catalysts such as limited conductivity and the necessity of ***,we present the synthesis,characterization and electrocatalytic investigation of ternary metal-rich sulfide composites FexCo9-xS8 as well as Ni_(y)Co_(9-y)S_(8)(x=y=0-4.5),which possess pentlandite-type *** this study,we show a stepwise alteration of the binary cobalt pentlandite Co9S8 and report on the replacement of cobalt with up to 4.5 equivalents of either iron or *** altered pentlandite composites facilitate the proton reduction in acidic media at different *** furthermore show that the stoichiometric variation has a decisive influence on the electrochemical activation/deactivation behavior of the catalysts under reductive electrocatalytic ***,Co-deficient composites display an improved HER performance in contrast to Co_(9)S_(8).Notably,Ni/Co compounds generally tend to show higher catalytic activities towards HER than their respective Fe/Co compounds.

关键词： Hydrogen Pentlandite Metal sulfides Transition metals Electrocatalysis

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Horizontal and vertical fluxes of particulate matter during wind erosion on arable land in the province La Pampa, Argentina

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2022年第5期37卷 539-552页

作者： Nicole siegmund Roger Funk Michael Sommer Fernando Avecilla Juan Esteban Panebianco Laura Antonela Iturri daniel Eduardo Buschiazzo Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF) Working Group Landscape Pedology Institute of Environmental Science and Geography University of Potsdam Institute of Earth and Environmental Sciences of La Pampa (INCITAP) 4. National University of La Pampa Faculty of Agronomy (UNLPam)

A detailed analysis of horizontal and vertical particulate matter(PM) fluxes during wind erosion has been done, based on measurements of PM smaller than 10, 2.5, and 1.0 μm, at windward and leeward positions on a measuring field. The three fractions of PM measurement are differently influenced by the increasing wind and shear velocities of the wind. The measured concentrations of the coarser fractions of the fine dust, PM10, and PM2.5, increase with wind and shear velocity, whereas the PM1.0concentrations show no clear correlation to the shear velocity. The share of PM2.5on PM10depends on the measurement height and wind speed and varies between 4 and 12 m/s at the 1 m height ranging from 25% to 7%(average 10%),and at the 4 m height from 39% to 23%(average 30%). Although general relationships between wind speed, PM concentration, and horizontal and vertical fluxes could be found, the contribution of the measuring field was very low, as balances of incoming and outgoing fluxes show. Consequently, the measured PM concentrations are determined from a variety of sources, such as traffic on unpaved roads,cattle drives, tillage operations, and wind erosion, and thus, represent all components of land use and landscape structure in the near and far surroundings of the measuring field. The current results may reflect factors from the landscape scale rather than the influence of field-related variables. The measuring devices used to monitor PM concentrations showed differences of up to 20%, which led to considerable deviations when determining total balances. Differences up to 67% between the calculated fluxes prove the necessity of a previous calibration of the devices used.

关键词： PM 10 , PM 2.5 , and PM 1.0 concentrations Field measurements Horizontal flux Vertical flux PM balances

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