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Characteristics and outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma patients with macrovascular invasion following surgical resection: a meta-analysis of 40 studies and 8,218 patients

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2022年第6期11卷 848-860,I0001-I0015页

作者： daniel Q.Huang Andrew Tran Eunice XTan Sanjna N.Nerurkar Readon Teh Margaret L.P.Teng Ee Jin Yeo Biyao Zou Connie Wong Carlos O.Esquivel CAndrew Bonham Mindie H.nguyen Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineNational University HospitalSingaporeSingapore Department of Medicine Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Duke University DurhamNCUSA Adelaide Medical School The University of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineStanford University Medical CenterPalo AltoCAUSA Department of Epidemiology and Population Health Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordCAUSA Lane Medical Library Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordCAUSA Division of Abdominal Transplantation Department of SurgeryStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCAUSA

Background:Guidelines recommend that hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)patients with portal vein tumor thrombosis(PVTT)and/or hepatic vein tumor thrombosis(HVTT)should undergo systemic ***,recent data suggest that surgical resection may be beneficial in selected cases,but outcomes are *** aimed to estimate pooled overall survival(OS),recurrence free survival(RFS)and complication rates in HCC patients with macrovascular invasion(MVI)following surgical ***:In this systematic review and meta-analysis,two investigators independently searched PubMed,Embase,and Cochrane databases from inception to Nov 10,2020,without language restrictions,for studies reporting outcomes of adult HCC patients with MVI who underwent liver resection with curative ***:We screened 8,598 articles and included 40 studies involving 8,218 *** all patients with MVI,the pooled median OS was 14.39 months[95%confidence interval(CI):10.99-18.84],1-year OS was 54.47%(95%CI:46.12-62.58%)and 3-year OS was 23.20%(95%CI:16.61-31.42%).Overall,1-and 3-year RFS were 27.70%(95%CI:21.00-35.57%)and 10.06%(95%CI:6.62-15.01%),*** patients with PVTT,median OS was 20.41 months in those with segmental/2nd order involvement compared to 12.91 months if 1st order branch was involved and 6.41 months if the main trunk was *** pooled rate of major complications was 6.17%(95%CI:3.53-10.56%).Conclusions:Overall median survival was 14.39 months for HCC patients with MVI following *** survival was higher in PVTT with segmental/2nd order involvement at 20.41 versus 6.41 months if the main trunk was involved.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) resection portal vein macrovascular invasion(MVI) recurrence

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Comparison of inhaled milrinone, nitric oxide and prostacyclin in acute respiratory distress syndrome

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2017年第1期6卷 74-78页

作者： Martin Albert daniel Corsilli David R Williamson Marc Brosseau Patrick Bellemare Stéphane Delisle Anne QN nguyen France Varin Departments of Intensive Care and Medicine Hopital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal Research Center Université de Montréal Department of Intensive Care Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montréal Université de Montréal Department of Pharmacy Université de Montréal Hopital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal Research Center Department of Respiratory Care Hopital du Sacré-Coeur de Hopital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal Research Center Université de Montréal

AIM To evaluate the safety and efficacy of inhaled milrinone in acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS).METHODS Open-label prospective cross-over pilot study where fifteen adult patients with hypoxemic failure meeting standard ARDS criteria and monitored with a pulmonary artery catheter were recruited in an academic 24-bed medico-surgical intensive care unit. Random sequential administration of i NO(20 ppm) or nebulized epoprostenol(10 μg/mL) was done in all patients. Thereafter, inhaled milrinone(1 mg/mL) alone followed by inhaled milrinone in association with inhaled nitric oxide(iN O) was administered. A jet nebulization device synchronized with the mechanical ventilation was use to administrate the epoprostenol and the milrinone. Hemodynamic measurements and partial pressure of arterial oxygen(PaO_2) were recorded before and after each inhaled *** The majority of ARDS were of pulmonary cause(n = 13) and pneumonia(n = 7) was the leading underlying initial disease. Other pulmonary causes of ARDS were: Post cardiopulmonary bypass(n = 2), smoke inhalation injury(n = 1), thoracic trauma and pulmonary contusions(n = 2) and aspiration(n = 1). Two patients had an extra pulmonary cause of ARDS: A polytrauma patient and an intra-abdominal abscess Inhaled nitric oxide, epoprostenol, inhaled milrinone and the combination of inhaled milrinone and i NO had no impact on systemic hemodynamics. No significant adverse events related to study medications were observed. The median increase of PaO 2 from baseline was 8.8 mmH g [interquartile range(IQR) = 16.3], 6.0 mm Hg(IQR = 18.4), 6 mm Hg(IQR = 15.8) and 9.2 mm Hg(IQR = 20.2) respectively with i NO, epoprostenol, inhaled milrinone, and i NO added to milrinone. Only i NO and the combination of inhaled milrinone and i NO had a statistically significant effect on PaO 2. CONCLUSION When comparing the effects of inhaled NO, milrinone and epoprostenol, only NO significantly improved oxygenation. Inhaled milr

关键词： Inhaled milrinone Nitric oxide Pulmonary hypertension Hypoxemia Acute respiratory distress syndrome Prostacyclin

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Real-world Effectiveness and Tolerability of Interferonfree Direct-acting Antiviral for 15,849 Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C:A Multinational Cohort Study

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2024年第7期12卷 646-658页

作者： Fanpu Ji Sally Tran Eiichi Ogawa Chung-Feng Huang Takanori Suzuki Yu Jun Wong Hidenori Toyoda Dae Won Jun Liu Li Haruki Uojima Akito Nozaki Makoto Chuma Cheng-Hao Tseng Yao-Chun Hsu Masatoshi Ishigami Takashi Honda Masanori Atsukawa Hiroaki Haga Masaru Enomoto Huy Trinh Carmen Monica Preda Phillip Vutien Charles Landis Dong Hyun Lee Tsunamasa Watanabe Hirokazu Takahashi Hiroshi Abe Akira Asai Yuichiro Eguchi Jie Li Xiaozhong Wang Jia Li Junping Liu Jing Liang Carla Pui-Mei Lam Rui Huang Qing Ye Hongying Pan Jiajie Zhang Dachuan Cai Qi Wang daniel Q.Huang Grace Wong Vincent Wai-Sun Wong Junyi Li Son Do Norihiro Furusyo Makoto Nakamuta Hideyuki Nomura Eiji Kajiwara Eileen L.Yoon Sang Bong Ahn Koichi Azuma Kazufumi Dohmen Jihyun An Do Seon Song Hyun Chin Cho Akira Kawano Toshimasa Koyanagi Aritsune Ooho Takeaki Satoh Kazuhiro Takahashi Ming-Lun Yeh Pei-Chien Tsai Satoshi Yasuda Yunyu Zhao Yishan Liu Tomomi Okubo Norio Itokawa Mi Jung Jun Toru Ishikawa Koichi Takaguchi Tomonori Senoh Mingyuan Zhang Changqing Zhao Raluca Ioana Alecu Wei Xuan Tay Pooja Devan Joanne Kimiko Liu Ritsuzo Kozuka Elena Vargas-Accarino Ai-Thien Do Mayumi Maeda Wan-Long Chuang Jee-Fu Huang Chia-Yen Dai Ramsey Cheung Maria Buti Junqi Niu Wen Xie Hong Ren Seng Gee Lim Chao Wu Man-Fung Yuen Jia Shang Qiang Zhu Yoshiyuki Ueno Yasuhito Tanaka Jun Hayashi Ming-Lung Yu Mindie H.nguyen Department of Infectious Diseases The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anShaanxiChina Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineStanford University Medical CenterPalo AltoCAUSA Department of General Internal Medicine Kyushu University HospitalFukuokaJapan Hepatobiliary Division Department of Internal MedicineKaohsiung Medical University HospitalKaohsiung Hepatitis Research Center College of Medicine and Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort ResearchKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical SciencesNagoyaJapan Gastroenterology&Hepatology Changi General HospitalSinghealthSingapore Singhealth Duke-NUS Medicine Academic Clinical Program Singapore Department of Gastroenterology Ogaki Municipal HospitalOgakiJapan Department of Internal Medicine Hanyang UniversityCollege of MedicineSeoulKorea Hanyang Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology Hanyang UniversitySeoulKorea Department of Hepatology The Third People's Hospital of Kunming CityKunmingYunnanChina Department of Gastroenterology Internal MedicineKitasato University School of MedicineSagamiharaJapan Gastroenterological Center Yokohama City University Medical CenterYokohamaJapan Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal MedicineE-Da Cancer HospitalKaohsiung Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Nagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Nippon Medical SchoolTokyoJapan Department of Gastroenterology Yamagata University Faculty of MedicineYamagataJapan Department of Transfusion Medicine and Department of Hepatology Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of MedicineOsakaJapan San Jose Gastroenterology San JoseCAUSA Gastroenterology&Hepatology Department Clinic Fundeni InstituteBucharestRomania Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA Department of

Background and Aims:As practice patterns and hepatitis C virus(HCV)genotypes(GT)vary geographically,a global real-world study from both East and West covering all GTs can help inform practice policy toward the 2030 HCV elimination *** study aimed to assess the effectiveness and tolerability of DAA treatment in routine clinical practice in a multinational cohort for patients infected with all HCV GTs,focusing on GT3 and ***:We analyzed the sustained virological response(SVR12)of 15,849 chronic hepatitis C patients from 39 Real-World Evidence from the Asia Liver Consortium for HCV clinical sites in Asia Pacific,North America,and Europe between 07/01/2014–07/01/***:The mean age was 62±13 years,with 49.6%*** demographic breakdown was 91.1%Asian(52.9%Japanese,25.7%Chinese/Taiwan residents,5.4%Korean,3.3%Malaysian,and 2.9%Vietnamese),6.4%White,1.3%Hispanic/Latino,and 1%Black/***,34.8%had cirrhosis,8.6%had hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),and 24.9%were treatment-experienced(20.7%with interferon,4.3%with direct-acting antivirals).The largest group was GT1(10,246[64.6%]),followed by GT2(3,686[23.2%]),GT3(1,151[7.2%]),GT6(457[2.8%]),GT4(47[0.3%]),GT5(1[0.006%]),and untyped GTs(261[1.6%]).The overall SVR12 was 96.9%,with rates over 95%for GT1/2/3/6 but 91.5%for ***12 for GT3 was 95.1%overall,98.2%for GT3a,and 94.0%for ***12 was 98.3%overall for GT6,lower for patients with cirrhosis and treatment-experienced(TE)(93.8%)but≥97.5%for tretment-naive patients regardless of cirrhosis *** multivariable analysis,advanced age,prior treatment failure,cirrhosis,active HCC,and GT3/4 were independent predictors of lower SVR12,while being Asian was a significant predictor of achieving ***:In this diverse multinational realworld cohort of patients with various GTs,the overall cure rate was 96.9%,despite large numbers of patients with cirrhosis,HCC,TE,and GT3/***12 for GT3/6 with cirrhosis and TE was lower but st

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Liver cirrhosis Hepatocellular carcinoma Genotype DAA REAL-C

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Shunting,optic nerve sheath fenestration and dural venous stenting for medically refractory idiopathic intracranial hypertension:systematic review and meta-analysis

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Annals of Eye Science 2018年第1期3卷 169-183页

作者： daniel B.Scherman Adam A.Dmytriw Gia Thanh nguyen Nhan Thi nguyen Nana Tchantchaleishvili Julian Maingard Hamed Asadi Mark Brooks Christoph Griessenauer Christopher Ogilvy Ajith J.Thomas Justin M.Moore Kevin Phan NeuroSpine Surgery Research Group(NSURG) Prince of Wales Private HospitalSydneyAustralia Department of Neurosurgery Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonUSA Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hue CityVietnam University of Medicine and Pharmacy Ho Chi Minh CityVietnam Interventional Neuroradiology Service Department of RadiologyAustin HospitalMelbourneAustralia Interventional Neuroradiology Unit Monash ImagingMonash HealthMelbourneAustralia Faculty of Health School of MedicineDeakin UniversityWaurn PondsAustralia Department of Neurosurgery Geisinger Health SystemDanvilleUSA Department of Neurosurgery Stanford UniversityStanfordUSA

Background:Cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)-diversion procedures have traditionally been the standard of treatment for patients with medically refractive idiopathic intracranial hypertension(IIH).However,dural venous sinus stent(VSS)placement has been described as a safe and effective procedure for the management of medically refractive *** performed a meta-analysis comparing outcomes and complications of CSF-diversion procedures,VSS and optic nerve sheath fenestration(ONSF)for the treatment of medically refractive ***:Electronic searches were performed using six databases from 1988 to January *** was extracted and meta-analysed from the identified ***:From 55 pooled studies,there were 538 CSF-diversion cases,224 dural venous stent placements,and 872 ONSF *** improvements were found in terms of postoperative headaches(CSF *** ***:84%vs.78%vs.62%,P=0.223),papilledema(CSF *** ***:71%vs.86%vs.77%,P=0.192),whilst visual acuity changes favored venous stenting(CSF *** ***:55%vs.69%vs.44%,P=0.037).There was a significantly lower rate of subsequent procedures with venous stent placement(CSF *** ***:37%vs.13%vs.18%,P<0.001),but other complication rates were similar(CSF *** ***:13%vs.8%vs.14%,P=0.28).Subgroup analysis of lumbar-peritoneal *** shunts found no differences in symptom improvements,complications and subsequent procedure ***:Our findings suggest that dural venous sinus stenting may be a viable alternative to traditional surgical interventions in patients who are refractory to medical treatment.

关键词： Cerebrospinal fluid diversion procedures(CSF-diversion procedures) idiopathic intracranial hypertension(IIH) optic nerve sheath fenestration(ONSF) venous sinus stent placement(VSS)

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Machine learning and price-based load scheduling for an optimal IoT control in the smart and frugal home

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能源与人工智能(英文) 2021年第1期3卷 49-63页

作者： Rachneet Kaur Clara Schaye Kevin Thompson daniel C.Yee Rachel Zilz R.S.Sreenivas Richard B.Sowers Department of Industrial and Enterprise Systems Engineering University of IllinoisUrbanaIL 61801USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of IllinoisUrbanaIL 61801USA Department of Mathematics and Department of Industrial and Enterprise Systems Engineering University of IllinoisUrbanaIL 61801USA

We pose and study a scheduling problem for an electric load to develop an Internet of Things(IoT)control system for power appliances,which takes advantage of real-time dynamic energy *** historical pricing data from a large *** supplier,we study and compare several dynamic scheduling policies,which can be implemented in a smart home to activate a major appliance(dishwasher,washing machine,clothes dryer)at an optimal time of the day,to minimize electricity *** formulate our scheduling task as a supervised machine learning classification problem which activates the load during one of two preferred time *** features used in the machine learning problem are hourly market,spot and day-ahead prices along with delayed label of the prior *** find that boosting tree-based algorithms outperform any other classification approach with measurable reduction of energy costs over certain types of naive and static *** observe that the delayed label has most predictive power across features,followed,on average,by spot,hourly market,and day-ahead energy *** further discuss implementation issues using a micro controller system coupled with cloud-based serverless computing and dynamic data *** test system includes an interactive voice interface via an intelligent personal assistant.

关键词： Power markets Load scheduling Machine learning Feature analysis Internet of Things Autonomous scheduling Serverless computing

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Interaction between climatic, environmental, and demographic factors on cholera outbreaks in Kenya

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2014年第1期3卷 338-346页

作者： James D Stoltzfus Jane Y Carter Muge Akpinar-Elci Martin Matu Victoria Kimotho Mark J Giganti daniel Langat Omur Cinar Elci School of Medicine Department of Public Health and Preventive MedicineSt.George’s University(SGU)West IndiesGrenada African Medical and Research Foundation(AMREF) NairobiKenya. Center for Global Health College of Health SciencesOld Dominion UniversityNorfolkVAUSA

Background:Cholera remains an important public health concern in developing countries including Kenya where 11,769 cases and 274 deaths were reported in 2009 according to the World Health Organization(WHO).This ecological study investigates the impact of various climatic,environmental,and demographic variables on the spatial distribution of cholera cases in ***:District-level data was gathered from Kenya’s Division of Disease Surveillance and Response,the Meteorological Department,and the National Bureau of *** data included the entire population of Kenya from 1999 to ***:Multivariate analyses showed that districts had an increased risk of cholera outbreaks when a greater proportion of the population lived more than five kilometers from a health facility(RR:1.025 per 1%increase;95%CI:1.010,1.039),bordered a body of water(RR:5.5;95%CI:2.472,12.404),experienced increased rainfall from October to December(RR:1.003 per 1 mm increase;95%CI:1.001,1.005),and experienced decreased rainfall from April to June(RR:0.996 per 1 mm increase;95%CI:0.992,0.999).There was no detectable association between cholera and population density,poverty,availability of piped water,waste disposal methods,rainfall from January to March,or rainfall from July to ***:Bordering a large body of water,lack of health facilities nearby,and changes in rainfall were significantly associated with an increased risk of cholera in Kenya.

关键词： Cholera Education Health infrastructure Population density Poverty Rainfall Waste disposal Water supply

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Minimally invasive surgery for gastric cancer: A comparison between robotic, laparoscopic and open surgery

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第13期23卷 2376-2384页

作者： Amilcare Parisi daniel Reim Felice Borghi Ninh T nguyen Feng Qi Andrea Coratti Fabio Cianchi Maurizio Cesari Francesca Bazzocchi Orhan Alimoglu Johan Gagnière Graziano Pernazza Simone D'Imporzano Yan-Bing Zhou Juan-Santiago Azagra Olivier Facy Steven T Brower Zhi-Wei Jiang Lu Zang Arda Isik Alessandro Gemini Stefano Trastulli Alexander Novotny Alessandra Marano Tong Liu Mario Annecchiarico Benedetta Badii Giacomo Arcuri Andrea Avanzolini Metin Leblebici Denis Pezet Shou-Gen Cao Martine Goergen Shu Zhang Giorgio Palazzini Vito D'Andrea Jacopo Desiderio Department of Digestive Surgery St.Mary's HospitalUniversity of Perugia Klinik und Poliklinik fuer Chirurgie Klinikum Rechts der IsarTechnical University Munich Department of Surgery General and Oncologic Surgery UnitSanta Croce e Carle Hospital Department of Surgery Division of Gastrointestinal SurgeryUniversity of CaliforniaIrvine Medical Center Gastrointestinal Surgery Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Division of Oncological and Robotic Surgery Department of OncologyCareggi University Hospital Unit of general and endocrine surgery Center of oncologic minimally invasive surgery(COMIS)Careggi University Hospital Department of General Surgery Hospital of Cittàdi CastelloUSL1 Umbria Department of General Surgery Division of GeneralGastroenterologic and Minimally Invasive SurgeryG.B.Morgagni Hospital Department of General Surgery School of MedicineIstanbul Medeniyet University Department of Digestive and Hepatobiliary Surgery Estaing University Hospital Department of Surgery Robotic General Surgery UnitSan Giovanni Addolorata Hospital Esophageal Surgery Unit Tuscany Regional Referral Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Esophageal DiseaseMedical University of Pisa Department of General Surgery The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Unitédes Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif et Endocrine Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg Service de Chirurgie Digestive et Cancérologique CHU Bocage Department of Surgical Oncology and HPB Surgery Englewood Hospital and Medical Center Department of General Surgery Jinling HospitalMedical SchoolNanjing University Department of Surgery Ruijin HospitalShanghai Jiaotong UniversitySchool of Medicine Department of General Surgery Erzincan UniversitySchool of Medicine Department of Surgical Science “La Sapienza”University Department of Digestive Surgery St.Mary's Hospital of Terni-University of Perugia

AIM To investigate the role of minimally invasive surgery for gastric cancer and determine surgical, clinical, and oncological *** This is a propensity score-matched case-control study, comparing three treatment arms: robotic gastrectomy(RG), laparoscopic gastrectomy(LG), open gastrectomy(OG). Data collection started after sharing a specific study protocol. Data were recorded through a tailored and protected web-based system. Primary outcomes: harvested lymph nodes, estimated blood loss, hospital stay, complications rate. Among the secondary outcomes, there are: operative time, R0 resections, POD of mobilization, POD of starting liquid diet and soft solid diet. The analysis includes the evaluation of type and grade of postoperative complications. Detailed information of anastomotic leakages is also *** The present analysis was carried out of 1026 gastrectomies. To guarantee homogenous distribution of cases, patients in the RG, LG and OG groups were 1:1:2 matched using a propensity score analysis with a caliper = 0.2. The successful matching resulted in a total sample of 604 patients(RG = 151; LG = 151; OG = 302). The three groups showed no differences in all baseline patients characteristics, type of surgery(P = 0.42) and stage of the disease(P = 0.16). Intraoperative blood loss was significantly lower in the LG(95.93 ± 119.22) and RG(117.91 ± 68.11) groups compared to the OG(127.26 ± 79.50, P = 0.002). The mean number of retrieved lymph nodes was similar between the RG(27.78 ± 11.45), LG(24.58 ± 13.56) and OG(25.82 ± 12.07) approach. A benefit in favor of the minimally invasive approaches was found in the length of hospital stay(P < 0.0001). A similar complications rate was found(P = 0.13). The leakage rate was not different(P = 0.78) between *** Laparoscopic and robotic surgery can be safely performed and proposed as possible alternative to open surgery. The main highlighted benefit is a faster postoperative functional recov

关键词： Gastric cancer Gastrectomy Minimally invasive surgery Robotic Robot-assisted Laparoscopy

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EBUS-TBNA在肺部疾病(包括肺癌分期)中的作用综述

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中国肺癌杂志 2010年第5期13卷 410-417页

作者： David FIELDING Farzad BASHIRZADEH Phan nguyen Alan HODGSON daniel JAMES 吴齐吴楠 Department of Thoracic Medicine Royal Brisbane and Womens' Hospital Herston Australia Department of Anatomical Pathology Pathology Queensland Royal Brisbane and Womens' Hospital Herston Australia 北京肿瘤医院内镜科

本综述重点阐述EBUS-TBNA在日常肺部疾病诊疗中的作用。所列举的病例为EBUS-TBNA的常见适应征,包括:①肺癌分期;②确诊胸部恶性淋巴结;③诊断中央型肺部肿块;④诊断肺结节病;⑤诊断炎性/良性胸部淋巴结。这项技术应用广泛,有经验的支气... 详细信息

本综述重点阐述EBUS-TBNA在日常肺部疾病诊疗中的作用。所列举的病例为EBUS-TBNA的常见适应征,包括:①肺癌分期;②确诊胸部恶性淋巴结;③诊断中央型肺部肿块;④诊断肺结节病;⑤诊断炎性/良性胸部淋巴结。这项技术应用广泛,有经验的支气管镜医师经过适当的训练后,该技术将成为支气管镜检查的一部分。

关键词：支气管镜支气管内超声肺癌结节病和其它肉芽肿分期

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1550nm基于EDFA的模拟光纤网络的设计考虑、元件选择和性能分析

1550nm基于EDFA的模拟光纤网络的设计考虑、元件选择和性能分析

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’97国际有线电视技术研讨会

作者： Brian Owen Terry W.Cline Eric S.Mak daniel C.Fenstermaker Khanh nguyen 朗讯科技公司微电子部

本文论述了用于模拟CATV信号传输的1550nm光纤系统的性能优化。对该系统进行了分析,并讨论了重要的设计考虑。正确的元件选择包括理解这些元件老化的影响以及与网络整体性能的关系。这是通过正确地对整体系统/网络性能和元件本身进行模...

本文论述了用于模拟CATV信号传输的1550nm光纤系统的性能优化。对该系统进行了分析,并讨论了重要的设计考虑。正确的元件选择包括理解这些元件老化的影响以及与网络整体性能的关系。这是通过正确地对整体系统/网络性能和元件本身进行模型化和分析完成的。作为网络设计的一个重要部分,选择合适的1550 nm光纤放大器和光发送器对于到达所需的系统性能是很重要的。如果设计得正确,高功率掺铒（和/或掺镱）的光纤放大器可以传输长距离和大范围。本文也讨论了未来的1550 nm产品和网络。

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采用分析方法、毒理学和风险评估研究评估多环芳烃：以石油泄漏后海产品安全为案例

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环境与职业医学 2014年第6期31卷 494-497页

作者： Jeffrey Wickliffe Edward Overton Scott Frickel Jessi Howard Mark Wilson Bridget Simon Stephen Echsner daniel nguyen David Gauthe Diane Blake Charles Miller Cornelis Elferink Shakeel Ansari Harshica Ferno Edward Trapido Andrew Kane 张晶汪源金泰廙 Department of Global Environmental Health Sciences Tulane University Department of Environmental Sciences Louisiana State University Department of Sociology Washington State University Mary Queen of Vietnam Community Development Corporation Inc.New Orleans LouisianaUSA Bayou Interfaith Shared Community Organizing Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Texas Medical Branch Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Texas Medical Branch Department of Epidemiology Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Department of Environmental and Global Health University of Florida

[背景]多环芳香烃(PAHs)是一种大量蔓延的环境化学物质。它们可通过自然和人为过程产生,通常存在于有机介质(包括石油)中。有几种PAHs是有毒的,其中一些还表现出致癌活性。PAHs以含有两个及以上苯环的一系列化学结构为特征,根据它们的来... 详细信息

[背景]多环芳香烃(PAHs)是一种大量蔓延的环境化学物质。它们可通过自然和人为过程产生,通常存在于有机介质(包括石油)中。有几种PAHs是有毒的,其中一些还表现出致癌活性。PAHs以含有两个及以上苯环的一系列化学结构为特征,根据它们的来源,可以通过氧化、氮化和烷基化表现出多种侧链修饰。[目的]讨论当代分析方法日益增加的能力,其不仅可以分辨PAHs中不同的化学结构,而且可以识别它们在环境介质中的浓度。本文以深水地平线事故后海产品污染为例,确定由于个别PAHs的分析灵敏度增加而在PAHs风险评估过程中出现的一些问题,并描述其中许多化合物的毒理学文献缺乏的现状。[讨论]PAHs,包括种类繁多的经化学修饰或取代的PAHs,是自然产生的,如果人群暴露于有害水平就可能会遭受健康风险。然而,目前的毒性评估并没有跟上现代分析方法及其对于被替代的PAHs不断增加的检测能力。因此,尽管我们可以在海产品和其他媒介中检测这些化合物,但并没有足够的关于这些化合物的潜在毒性信息,无法将它们用于人类健康风险评估和特征描述。[结论]今后的研究工作应该尝试从战略上填补这一毒理学知识欠缺,从而更好地进行环境介质或食物中关于PAHs的人体健康风险评估。这对于石油泄漏之后的影响尤为重要。

关键词：健康风险评估毒理学产品安全石油多环芳烃泄漏 PAHs 案例

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