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Biochar-induced changes in metal mobility and uptake by perennial plants in a ferralsol of Brazil’s Atlantic forest

Biochar 2019年第3期1卷 309-324页

作者： Konstantin von Gunten Magdalena Hubmann Robert Ineichen Yunhai Gao Konhauser OKurt daniel salessi University of Alberta Earth and Atmospheric Sciences1-26 Earth Sciences BuildingEdmontonAB T6G 2E3Canada University of Alberta AgriculturalFood and Nutritional Science410 Agriculture/Forestry CentreEdmontonAB T6G 2P5Canada AgraDEço Rua do MundoParatyRJ 23970-000Brazil

Despite an abundance of short-term studies focusing on biochar’s effects on annual plants,the long-term effects of biochar on perennial plants and the effects of the biochar on the mobility and speciation changes of metals/metalloids not limited to main plant nutrients in soils are poorly *** study reports on the amelioration a sloped orthic ferralsol by biochar from Tibouchina wood and the resulting effects on perennial crops and microbiota,including a comprehensive analysis of metals/metalloids speciation *** were amended with biochar and urine-amended biochar(2 kg/m^(2))and were planted with papaya,banana,and *** and plant materials were analyzed using acid digestions,sequential extractions,and 16S rRNA gene *** applications led to decreased soil acidity,shifted the cation exchange capacity from being Al-influenced to being Mg/K/Ca-dominated,and elevated the concentrations of Mg,K,Ca,Zn,and Ba in *** exchangeable/acid-soluble fraction of Ca,P,and S notably *** soil microbial biome became more species rich and diverse in the biochar-amended *** benefited from biochar applications,demonstrating increased growth,which resulted in generally decreased concentrations of trace elements in most plant parts,however,with an increased total elemental *** amendment contributed to higher concentrations of P,S,and K in soils,but did not further increase plant *** was shown to be a promising soil amendment for agricultural use of orthic ferralsols of the Brazil’s Atlantic forest region,but the accumulation of potentially harmful metals needs to be considered.

关键词： Biochar in agriculture Agroforestry Ferralsol management Trace-metal speciation Biogeochemistry Plant metal uptake

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Biochar colloids and their use in contaminants removal

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Biochar 2019年第2期1卷 151-162页

作者： Salman Safari Konstantin von Gunten MdSamrat Alam Magdalena Hubmann Tamzin ABlewett Ziyi Chi daniel salessi Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences University of AlbertaEdmontonAlberta T6G 2E3Canada Department of Agricultural Foodand Nutritional ScienceUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlberta T6G 2P5Canada Department of Biological Sciences University of AlbertaEdmontonAlberta T6G 2E0Canada School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina

In this study, we report on the extraction, characterization, and potential applications of colloidal biochar derived from pyrolyzed wood-an untapped source of carbonaceous particles.A series of characterizations was performed on biochar colloids to unravel their colloidal properties and surface chemistry through which it was found that they have a net negative charge and are stable between pH 3 and ***,our initial toxicity tests showed that biochar colloids themselves are not toxic and they can be used in remediation applications,which led us to investigate(1)their copper sorption,a model inorganic contaminant,in a scenario that biochar colloids are released into the environment and(2)their potential use in organic pollutants adsorption and *** sorption studies showed that biochar colloids have a copper sorption capacity as high as 22 mg g^(−1) in sub-ppm copper *** increased the acute 48 h lethal concentration(LC50)of copper for Daphnia magna by 21 ppb,which is comparable to the previously reported effect by dissolved organic *** and degradation of methylene blue(MB),an often-used proxy for organic contaminants in water,were studied by coupling the biochar colloids to positively charged TiO_(2) nanoparticles and using it as a *** hybrid MB photodegradation efficiency was 21%higher than that of TiO_(2) nanoparticles *** of demethylation is proposed as the main degradation mechanism of MB,as confirmed by liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy(LC/MS),and the positive impact of biochar colloids is ascribed to their abundant adsorption sites,which may facilitate MB adsorption and its photocatalytic degradation.

关键词： Biochar Colloids Contaminants Photocatalysis Water treatment

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