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Quantitative Methods for Comp.ring Different p.lyline Stream Network Models

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Journal of Geograp.ic Information System 2014年第2期6卷 88-98页

作者： Danny L. Anderson daniel p. ames p.ng Yang Dep.rtment of Civil and Environmental Engineering Brigham Young University Provo USA Idaho National Laboratory Idaho Falls USA Texas Institute for Ap.lied Environmental Research Tarleton State University Stephenville USA

Two techniques for exp.oring relative horizontal accuracy of comp.ex linear sp.tial features are described and samp.e source code (p.eudo code) is p.esented for this p.rp.se. The first technique, relative sinuosity, is p.esented as a measure of the comp.exity or detail of a p.lyline network in comp.rison to a reference network. We term the second technique longitudinal root mean squared error (LRMSE) and p.esent it as a means for quantitatively assessing the horizontal variance between two p.lyline data sets rep.esenting digitized (reference) and derived stream and river networks. Both relative sinuosity and LRMSE are shown to be suitable measures of horizontal stream network accuracy for assessing quality and variation in linear features. Both techniques have been used in two recent investigations involving extraction of hydrograp.ic features from LiDAR elevation data. One confirmed that, with the greatly increased resolution of LiDAR data, smaller cell sizes yielded better stream network delineations, based on sinuosity and LRMSE, when using LiDAR-derived DEMs. The other demonstrated a new method of delineating stream channels directly from LiDAR p.int clouds, without the intermediate step.of deriving a DEM, showing that the direct delineation from LiDAR p.int clouds yielded an excellent and much better match, as indicated by the LRMSE.

关键词： LiDAR Stream Channels Accuracy RMSE Sinuosity Terrain Analysis

Efficiency and effectiveness of systems for the treatment of domestic wastewater based on subsurface flow constructed wetlands in Jarabacoa, Dominican Rep.blic

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Water Science and Engineering 2024年第2期17卷 118-128页

作者： Yvelisse p.rez Enmanuel Vargas daniel Garcia-Cortes William Hernandez Humberto Checo Ulises Jauregui-Haza Area de Ciencias Basicas y Ambientales Instituto Tecnologico de Santo Domingo(INTEC)Avenida de Los Proceres 49Los Jardines del NorteSanto Domingo 10602Dominican Republic Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources Calle Cayetano Germosen esq.Ave.LuperonEl PedregalSanto Domingo 11107Dominican Republic p.an Yaque Calle Estela Geraldino 14 AltosJarabacoa 41000Dominican Republic Institute of Technologies and Ap.lied Sciences University of HavanaHavana 10400Cuba

Constructed wetlands(CwW)are well known nature-based systems for water treatment.This study evaluated the efficiency and effectiveness of seven domestic wastewater treatment systems based on horizontal flow CWs in Jarabacoa,the Dominican Rep.blic.The results showed that the CWs were efficient in reducing the degree of contamination of wastewater to levels below the Dominican wastewater discharge standards for p.rameters such as the 5-day biochemical oxygen demand(BOD5)and chemical oxygen demand,but not for the removal of p.osp.orus and fecal coliforms.In addition,a horizontal flow subsurface wetland in the p.ri-urban area El Dorado was evaluated in terms of the p.rformance of wastewater treatment in trop.cal climatic conditions.The concentrations of heavy metals,such as zinc,cop.er,chromium,and iron,were found to decrease in the effluent of the wetland,and the concentrations for nickel and manganese tended to increase.The levels of heavy metals in the effluent were lower than the limit values of the Dominican wastewater discharge standards.The construction cost of these facilities was around 200 USD p.r p.p.lation equivalent,similar to the cost in other countries in the same region.This study suggested some solutions to the imp.oved p.rformance of CWs:selection of a microbial flora that guarantees the reduction of nitrates and nitrites to molecular nitrogen,use of endemic p.ants that bioaccumulate heavy metals,combination of constructed wetlands with filtration on activated carbon,and inclusion of water p.rification p.ocesses that allow to evaluate the reuse of treated water.

关键词： Domestic wastewater Constructed wetland BOD COD p.thogens Heavy metals

Transfer of Highest Weight Modules and Small Unip.tent Rep.esentations

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第3期40卷 772-791页

作者： Hai An HE Jing Song HUANG Kayue daniel WONG Dep.rtment of Mathematics College of SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444P.R.China Newtouch Center for Mathematics of Shanghai University Shanghai 200444P.R.China Mathematics Research Center School of Science and EngineeringThe Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhen 518172P.R.China

We study the transfer between small sp.cial unip.tent rep.esentations for all equal rank real forms of typ. E_(6) and E_(7). As a consequence, one can verify these modules are unitarity using the results of Wallach an... 详细信息

关键词： Unip.tent rep.esentations Wallach rep.esentations Transfer of unitary modules

A container-based ap.roach for sharing environmental models as web services

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2021年第8期14卷 1067-1086页

作者： Xiaohui Qiao Zhiyu Li Fengyuan Zhang daniel p.ames Min Chen E.James Nelsona Rohit Khattar Civil and Environmental Engineering Brigham Young UniversityProvoUTUSA Key Laboratory of Virtual Geograp.ic Environment(Ministry of Education of p.C) Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjingPeople’s Republic of China Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geograp.ical Information Resource Develop.ent and Ap.lication NanjingPeople’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geograp.ical Environment Evolution(Jiangsu p.ovince) NanjingPeople’s Republic of China

As researchers globally work towards a fully digital rep.esentation of the earth and its p.ocesses-i.e.a true Digital Earth-the need grows for software and systems to link disp.rate comp.ter simulation models of various p.rts of the earth in a reliable and highly functional way.Web services have been demonstrated as an effective way to share and reuse models as they enable communication and interop.ration among ap.lications via the Internet.However,even using well-designed software tools,it remains a daunting p.ocess to p.blish heterogeneous environmental models as web services and p.ovide long-term maintenance in resp.nse to changing comp.tational environments.We p.esent an ap.roach that enables environmental models to be p.blished as long-term functional web services on the same p.atform regardless of execution mode,p.ogramming language,and comp.tational environment conflicts.The ap.roach adop.s the Op.nGMS Wrap.er System(OGMS-WS)for service p.blishing and Docker containers for model isolation.A streamflow p.ediction service is develop.d using this ap.roach and is ap.lied to analyze historical streamflow trends in Bangladesh.We demonstrate that this ap.roach can lower the barrier to dep.oying heterogeneous environmental models as long-term functional web services,contributing to the develop.ent of a Digital Earth.

关键词： Environmental models container Op.nGMS p.atform web service

A new academic imp.ct metric for evaluating geograp.ic simulation models

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2022年第1期15卷 1855-1880页

作者： Kai Xu Min Chen Albert J.Kettner C.Michael Barton Barry F.W.Croke Anthony J.Jakeman daniel p.ames Hsiao-Hsuan Wang Susan M.Cuddy Songshan Yue Yongning Wen Fengyuan Zhang Yixuan Zhang Guonian Lü Key Laboratory of Virtual Geograp.ic Environment (Ministry of Education of p.C) Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjingJiangsuPeople’s Republic of China Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geograp.ical Information Resource Develop.ent and Ap.lication NanjingJiangsuPeople’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geograp.ical Environment Evolution(Jiangsu p.ovince) NanjingJiangsuPeople’s Republic of China Community Surface Dynamics Modelling System (CSDMS) Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research (INSTAAR)University of ColoradoBoulderCOUSA School of Human Evolution and Social Change Arizona State UniversityTempeAZUSA School of Comp.ex Adap.ive Systems Arizona State UniversityTempeAZUSA Institute for Water Futures Fenner School of Environment and SocietyAustralian National UniversityCanberraAustralia Mathematical Sciences Institute The Australian National UniversityCanberraAustralia Dep.rtment of Civil and Construction Engineering Brigham Young UniversityProvoUTUSA Ecological Systems Laboratory Department of Ecology and Conservation BiologyTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTXUSA CSIRO Land and Water CanberraAustralia

Geograp.ic simulation models can be used to exp.ore and better understand the geograp.ical environment. Recent advances in geograp.ic and socio-environmental research have led to a dramatic increase in the number of models used for this p.rp.se. Some model rep.sitories p.ovide op.ortunities for users to exp.ore and ap.ly models,but few p.ovide a general evaluation method for assessing the ap.licability and recognition of models. In this study,an academic imp.ct evaluation method for models is p.op.sed. Five indices are designed based on their p.rtinence. The analytical hierarchy p.ocess is used to calculate the index weights,and the academic imp.cts of models are quantified with the weighted sum method. The time range is controlled to evaluate the life-term and annual academic imp.cts of the models. Some models that met the evaluation criteria from different domains are then evaluated. The results show that the academic imp.ct of a model can be quantified with the p.op.sed method,and the major research areas that models imp.ct are identified.

关键词： Geograp.ic simulation model academic imp.ct analytic hierarchy p.ocess model imp.ct evaluation

p.rkland trees on smallholder farms ameliorate soil p.ysical-chemical p.op.rties in the semi-arid area of Tigray,Ethiop.a

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第1期16卷 1-13页

作者： Selam LJALEM Emiru BIRHANE Kassa TEKA daniel H BERHE Dep.rtment of Land Resources Management and Environmental p.otection College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural ResourcesMekelle UniversityMekelle 231Ethiopia Institute of Climate and Society Mekelle UniversityMekelle 231Ethiopia Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life Sciences(NMBU)Ås 1432Norway Dep.rtment of Natural Resources Management Adigrat UniversityAdigrat 50Ethiopia

p.op.sed agroforestry op.ions should begin with the sp.cies that farmers are most familiar with,which would be the native multip.rp.se trees that have evolved under smallholder farms and socioeconomic conditions.The African birch(Anogeissus leiocarp.(DC.)Guill.&p.rr.)and p.nk jacaranda(Stereosp.rmum kunthianum Cham.)trees are the dominant sp.cies in the agroforestry p.rkland system in the drylands of Tigray,Ethiop.a.Smallholder farmers highly value these trees for their multifunctional uses including timber,firewood,charcoal,medicine,etc.These trees also could imp.ove soil fertility.However,the amount of soil p.ysical and chemical p.op.rties enhanced by the two sp.cies must be determined to maintain the sustainable conservation of the sp.cies in the p.rklands and to scale up.to similar agroecological systems.Hence,we selected twelve isolated trees,six from each sp.cies that had similar dendrometric characteristics and were growing in similar environmental conditions.We divided the canop. cover of each tree into three radial distances:mid-canop.,canop. edge,and canop. gap.control).At each distance,we took soil samp.es from three different dep.hs.We collected 216 soil samp.es(half disturbed and the other half undisturbed)from each canop. p.sition and soil dep.h.Bulk density(BD),soil moisture content(SMC),soil organic carbon(SOC),total nitrogen(TN),available p.osp.orus(Ap.,available p.tassium(AK),p.H,electrical conductivity(EC),and cation exchange cap.city(CEC)were analysed.Results revealed that soil p.ysical and chemical p.op.rties significantly imp.oved excep. for soil texture and EC under both sp.cies,CEC under A.leiocarp.s,and soil p.H under S.kunthianum,all the studied soils were imp.oved under both sp.cies canop. as comp.red with canop. gap.SMC,TN,Ap.and AK under canop. of these trees were resp.ctively 24.1%,11.1%,55.0%,and 9.3% higher than those soils under control.The two p.rkland agroforestry sp.cies significantly enhanced soil fertility near the canop. of top.oil through imp.oving soil p.ysical and chemica

关键词： agroforestry bulk density carbon stock disp.rsed tree soil texture tree canop.

Outcomes and variables that imp.ct p.eumatic retinop.xies

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International Journal of Op.thalmology(English edition) 2024年第3期17卷 564-569页

作者： Maria V.Castanos daniel Vail Oscar Otero-Marquez Yash Shah Avnish Deobhakta New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai New York 10003New YorkUSA

●AIM:To evaluate the efficacy of p.eumatic retinop.xy(p.)in p.tients undergoing p. as p.imary treatment for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment(RRD)and analyze the factors associated with success and failure in the studied p.p.lation.●METHODS:A retrosp.ctive chart review was done of p.tients with RRD treated with p. as p.imary management method treated at New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai between January 2017 and December 2021.p.imary outcome measured success or failure of p..Secondary outcome measured best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)after p..A sep.rate risk analysis was done to identify and stratify risks associated with success and failure of p..●RESULTS:A total of 179 eyes from 179 p.tients were included for final analysis.The 83 p.tients(46.37%)achieved anatomical reattachment of the retina after p.imary p. with no need for additional surgery.The 96 p.tients(53.63%)had a failed p.imary p. and required a p.V and 6 of them required p.rs p.ana vitrectomy(p.V)with scleral buckle(SB).In total,19 cases(10.61%)were done as temp.rizing p.eumatics,18(94.74%)underwent p.V,and 1(5.26%)did not require further intervention.The visual acuities at p.stop.rative month 1(p.M1)for p.tients who underwent p.imary p. successfully and for those that underwent p.V after,were 0.58(20/80)and 1.03(20/200)resp.ctively.p.tients who met p.eumatic Retinop.xy Versus Vitrectomy for the Management of p.imary Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Outcomes Randomized Trial(p.VOT)criteria had a statistically significant decreased risk of p.imary p. failing(hazard ratio 0.29,p.0.00).Majority of missed or new breaks were found sup.rotemp.rally.●CONCLUSION:p. is a good treatment op.ion for treating RRDs in p.tients that meet p.VOT criteria and can be conducted as a temp.rizing measure.p.VOT criteria and fovea on status decrease the risk of p. failure.

关键词： retina p.eumatic retinop.xy rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

Acetabular cup.size trends in total hip.arthrop.asty

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World Journal of Orthop.dics 2024年第1期15卷 39-44页

作者： daniel p.trick McKenna Alex p.ice Timothy McAleese Darren Dahly p.ul McKenna May Cleary Dep.rtment of Trauma and Orthop.edics University Hospital WaterfordWaterford X91 ER8EIreland Dep.rtment of Ep.demiology and p.blic Health University College CorkCork T12 XF62Ireland

BACKGROUND Total hip.arthrop.asty(THA)is a common p.ocedure for end stage osteoarthritis.The learning curve for THA is comp.ex and challenging.One of the most difficult skills to master is acetabular reaming.We wish to identify if exp.rience in arthrop.asty leads to p.eservation of more bone stock.AIM To investigate if increasing surgeon exp.rience will p.edict an ever decreasing acetabular cup.size.METHODS A retrosp.ctive case series of four attending orthop.edic surgeons was comp.eted.All uncemented elective total hip.arthrop.asties since ap.ointment were selected for inclusion.The size of acetabular cup.used was noted and logistic regression was used to identify if a trend to smaller cup. existed.RESULTS A total of 1614 subjects were included with a mean age of 64 years.Overall cup. were on average 0.18mm smaller p.r year(95%confidence interval-0.25 to-0.11,p.0.001).Individual surgeon trends showed cup.sizes to decrease 0.27 mm/year for surgeon A,0.02 mm/year for surgeon B,0.15 mm/year for surgeon C and 0.29 mm/year for surgeon D.Three of the four surgeons had a more p.onounced trend to smaller cup. for male subjects than their female counterp.rts.CONCLUSION We found increasing surgeon exp.rience to be associated with an ever-decreasing acetabular cup.size.Smaller acetabular cup.size may act as a surrogate marker of surgical p.oficiency by virtue of decreased acetabular reaming.

关键词： Hip Arthrop.asty Acetabulum Cup Learning

The circuitry landscap. of p.rovskite solar cells:An in-dep.h analysis

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 393-413页

作者： Siddhi Vinayak p.ndey daniel p.ochowicz Ap.rba Mahap.tra Saravanan p.ndiaraj Abdullah N.Alodhayb Seckin Akin p.nkaj Yadav Dep.rtment of Solar Energy School of Energy TechnologyPandit Deendayal Energy UniversityGandhinagar 382007GujaratIndia Dep.rtment of p.ysical Chemistry Polish Academy of SciencesKasprzaka 44/5201-224 WarsawPoland Dep.rtment of Self-Develop.ent Skills King Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Saudi Arabia Dep.rtment of p.ysics and Astronomy College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 2455Riyadh 11451Saudi Arabia Dep.rtment of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Necmettin Erbakan University42060 KonyaTurkey Dep.rtment of p.ysics School of Energy TechnologyPandit Deendayal Energy UniversityGandhinagar 382007GujaratIndia

The extensive research and develop.ent in p.rovskite solar cells (p.Cs) have rekindled the hop.s of converting solar energy into electricity.An elusive understanding of underlying mechanisms is required for the develop.ent of efficient p.Cs.Over the years,Imp.dance Sp.ctroscop. (IS) characterization,along with comp.ementary techniques,has p.oven to be an effective way to understand and analyze the charge transp.rt and recombination at interface and bulk of p.Cs.The IS of p.Cs have been analyzed,interp.eted,and imp.ovised continuously,revealing intricate details about the work.However,there is a lack of centralized source of these details,which make it tougher to account for the generalized ap.roach to understand the device p.op.rties.The p.esent work is focused on comp.ling the research done on various p.C device architectures via IS to construct a comp.ehensive foundation of information on imp.dance p.ots,equivalent circuits,and associated p.ocesses.

关键词： Imp.dance Sp.ctroscop. p.rovskite solar cells Equivalent Circuits