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Role of the endothelium in inflammatory bowel diseases

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第5期17卷 578-593页

作者： Walter E Cromer J Michael Mathis daniel n granger Ganta V Chaitanya J Steven Alexander Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy LSU Health Sciences Center-Shreveport1501 Kings HighwayShreveportLA 71130-3932United States Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology LSU Health Sciences Center-Shreveport1501 Kings HighwayShreveportLA 71130-3932United States

Inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD) are a complex group of diseases involving alterations in mucosal immunity and gastrointestinal physiology during both initiation and progressive phases of the *** the core of these alterations are endothelial cells,whose continual adjustments in structure and function coordinate vascular supply,immune cell emigration,and regulation of the tissue *** of the endothelium in IBD(angiogenesis),mediated by inflammatory growth factors,cytokines and chemokines,is a hallmark of active gut disease and is closely related to disease *** endothelium in newly formed or inflamed vessels differs from that in normal vessels in the production of and response to inflammatory cytokines,growth factors,and adhesion molecules,altering coagulant capacity,barrier function and blood cell recruitment in *** review examines the roles of the endothelium in the initiation and propagation of IBD pathology and distinctive features of the intestinal endothelium contributing to these conditions.

关键词： Microvasculature Endothelium Inflamma-tion nitric oxide Adhesion molecules Crohn's disease Ulcerative colitis Cytokines Chemokines Growth factors

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Unbalanced Regressions and Spurious Inference

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Open Journal of Statistics 2012年第3期2卷 297-299页

作者： daniel Ventosa-Santaularia Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económicas CIDE Mexico City Mexico

Spurious regression has been extensively studied in time series econometrics since granger and newbold’s seminal paper. Recently, it has been advanced that this phenomenon is due to a mistreatment of short-range autocorrelation in the residuals of the regression when at least one of the variables in a bivariate regression is stationary. HAC errors, feasible GLS and Cochrane-Orcutt-type procedures are then proposed to draw correct inference. Such a proposal should be cautiously considered, since nonsense inference might also be due to deterministic trend mechanisms, structural breaks, and long range dependence. In these cases, standard autocorrelation correction procedures would not solve the problem of spurious regression. We aim to make the later argument clear.

关键词： Spurious Regression Stationarity Unbalanced Regression Unit Root

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