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A review: Challenges and opportunities for artificial intelligence and robotics in the offshore wind sector

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能源与人工智能(英文)

能源与人工智能(英文) 2022年第2期8卷 177-212页

作者： daniel mitchell Jamie Blanche Sam Harper Theodore Lim Ranjeetkumar Gupta Osama Zaki Wenshuo Tang Valentin Robu Simon Watson David Flynn Smart Systems Group Institute of SensorsSignals and SystemsSchool of Engineering and Physical SciencesHeriot-Watt UniversityEdinburghEH144ASUnited Kingdom Centre for Mathematics and Computer Science Intelligent and Autonomous Systems GroupCWIAmsterdam1098 XG Netherlands Algorithms Group Faculty of Electrical EngineeringMathematics and Computer Science(EEMCS)Delft University of Technology(TU Delft)Delft2628 XE Netherlands The University of Manchester Department of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringOxford RoadManchesterM139PL United Kingdom James Watt School of Engineering University of GlasgowG128QQUnited Kingdom

The UK has set plans to increase offshore wind capacity from 22GW to 154GW by 2030. With such tremendous growth, the sector is now looking to Robotics and Artificial Intelligence (RAI) in order to tackle lifecycle service barriers as to support sustainable and profitable offshore wind energy production. Today, RAI applications are predominately being used to support short term objectives in operation and maintenance. However, moving forward, RAI has the potential to play a critical role throughout the full lifecycle of offshore wind infrastructure, from surveying, planning, design, logistics, operational support, training and decommissioning. This paper presents one of the first systematic reviews of RAI for the offshore renewable energy sector. The state-of-the-art in RAI is analyzed with respect to offshore energy requirements, from both industry and academia, in terms of current and future requirements. Our review also includes a detailed evaluation of investment, regulation and skills development required to support the adoption of RAI. The key trends identified through a detailed analysis of patent and academic publication databases provide insights to barriers such as certification of autonomous platforms for safety compliance and reliability, the need for digital architectures for scalability in autonomous fleets, adaptive mission planning for resilient resident operations and optimization of human machine interaction for trusted partnerships between people and autonomous assistants. Our study concludes with identification of technological priorities and outlines their integration into a new ‘symbiotic digital architecture’ to deliver the future of offshore wind farm lifecycle management.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Autonomous systems Digitalization Offshore renewable energy Offshore wind farms Robotics

Lessons learned:Symbiotic autonomous robot ecosystem for nuclear environments

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IET Cyber-Systems and Robotics 2023年第4期5卷 63-86页

作者： daniel mitchell Paul Dominick Emor Baniqued Abdul Zahid Andrew West Bahman Nouri Rahmat Abadi Barry Lennox Bin Liu Burak Kizilkaya David Flynn David John Francis Erwin Jose Lopez Pulgarin Guodong Zhao Hasan Kivrak Jamie Rowland Douglas Blanche Jennifer David Jingyan Wang Joseph Bolarinwa Kanzhong Yao Keir Groves Liyuan Qi Mahmoud A.Shawky Manuel Giuliani Melissa Sandison Olaoluwa Popoola Ognjen Marjanovic Paul Bremner Samuel Thomas Harper Shivoh Nandakumar Simon Watson Subham Agrawal Theodore Lim Thomas Johnson Wasim Ahmad Xiangmin Xu Zhen Meng Zhengyi Jiang James Watt School of Engineering Autonomous Systems and Connectivity DivisionUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of ManchesterManchesterUK Bristol Robotics Laboratory University of the West of EnglandBristolUK Heriot-Watt University EdinburghUK

Nuclear facilities have a regulatory requirement to measure radiation levels within Post Operational Clean Out(POCO)around nuclear facilities each year,resulting in a trend towards robotic deployments to gain an improved understanding during nuclear decommissioning phases.The UK Nuclear Decommissioning Authority supports the view that human-in-the-loop(HITL)robotic deployments are a solution to improve procedures and reduce risks within radiation characterisation of nuclear sites.The authors present a novel implementation of a Cyber-Physical System(CPS)deployed in an analogue nuclear environment,comprised of a multi-robot(MR)team coordinated by a HITL operator through a digital twin interface.The development of the CPS created efficient partnerships across systems including robots,digital systems and human.This was presented as a multi-staged mission within an inspection scenario for the hetero-geneous Symbiotic Multi-Robot Fleet(SMuRF).Symbiotic interactions were achieved across the SMuRF where robots utilised automated collaborative governance to work together,where a single robot would face challenges in full characterisation of radiation.Key contributions include the demonstration of symbiotic autonomy and query-based learning of an autonomous mission supporting scalable autonomy and autonomy as a service.The coordination of the CPS was a success and displayed further challenges and improvements related to future MR fleets.

关键词： cyber-systems field robotics hazardous inspection human robot interaction industrial robotics mobile robots multi-agent systems multi-robot systems robotics service robots

Identification of four novel DC-SIGN ligands on Mycobacterium bovis BCG

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Protein & Cell 2010年第9期1卷 859-870页

作者： Maria V.Carroll Robert B.Sim Fabiana Bigi Anne Jäkel Robin Antrobus daniel A.mitchell Department of Pharmacology University of OxfordMansfield RoadOxford OX13QTUK Institute of Biotechnology CICVyA-INTALos Reseros y Las Cabañas1712 CastelarArgentina Cambridge Institute of Medical Research Addenbrooke’s HospitalHills RoadCambridge CB20XYUK CSRI-UHCW Walsgrave Campus University of WarwickCoventryCV22DXUK

Dendritic-cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing non-integrin(DC-SIGN;CD209)has an important role in mediating adherence of Mycobacteria species,including M.tuberculosis and M.bovis BCG to human dendritic cells and macrophages,in which these bacteria can survive intracellularly.DC-SIGN is a C-type lectin,and interactions with mycobacterial cells are believed to occur via mannosylated structures on the mycobacterial surface.Recent studies suggest more varied modes of binding to multiple mycobacterial ligands.Here we identify,by affinity chromatography and mass-spectrometry,four novel ligands of M.bovis BCG that bind to DC-SIGN.The novel ligands are chaperone protein DnaK,60 kDa chaperonin-1(Cpn60.1),glyceraldehyde-3 phosphate dehydrogenase(GAPDH)and lipoprotein lprG.Other published work strongly suggests that these are on the cell surface.Of these ligands,lprG appears to bind DC-SIGN via typical proteinglycan interactions,but DnaK and Cpn60.1 binding do not show evidence of carbohydrate-dependent interactions.LprG was also identified as a ligand for DC-SIGNR(L-SIGN;CD299)and the M.tuberculosis orthologue of lprG has been found previously to interact with human toll-like receptor 2.Collectively,these findings offer new targets for combating mycobacterial adhesion and within-host survival,and reinforce the role of DCSIGN as an important host ligand in mycobacterial infection.

关键词： DC-SIGN Mycobacteria lectins

Assessment of scale interactions associated with wake meandering using bispectral analysis methodologies

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Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters 2024年第2期14卷 65-75页

作者： Dinesh Kumar Kinjangi daniel Foti Department of Mechanical Engineering University of MemphisMemphisTennesseeUSA

Large atmospheric boundary layer fluctuations and smaller turbine-scale vorticity dynamics are separately hypothesized to initiate the wind turbine wake meandering phenomenon,a coherent,dynamic,turbine-scale oscillation of the far wake.Triadic interactions,the mechanism of energy transfers between scales,manifest as triples of wavenumbers or frequencies and can be characterized through bispectral analyses.The bispectrum,which correlates the two frequencies to their sum,is calculated by two recently developed multi-dimensional modal decomposition methods:scale-specific energy transfer method and bispectral mode decomposition.Large-eddy simulation of a utility-scale wind turbine in an atmospheric boundary layer with a broad range of large length-scales is used to acquire instantaneous velocity snapshots.The bispectrum from both methods identifies prominent upwind and wake meandering interactions that create a broad range of energy scales including the wake meandering scale.The coherent kinetic energy associated with the interactions shows strong correlation between upwind scales and wake meandering.

关键词： Wind turbine wake Mode decomposition Bispectral analysis

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Comprehensive review of hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus:State of art and future perspectives

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第3期23卷 221-227页

作者： Paschalis Gavriilidis Timothy M Pawlik daniel Azoulay Department of Surgery Colchester General HospitalTurner RoadColchester CO45JLUK Department of Surgery The Ohio State Wexner Medical CenterJames Comprehensive Cancer CenterColumbusOHUSA Department of Hepato-Biliary and Liver Transplantation surgery Paul Brousse University HospitalParis-Saclay UniversityVillejuif 94800France

Background:Despite advances in the diagnosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),70%-80%of patients are diagnosed with advanced stage disease.Portal vein tumor thrombus(PVTT)is among the most ominous signs of advanced stage disease and has been associated with poor survival if untreated.Data sources:A systematic search of MEDLINE(PubMed),Embase,Cochrane Library and Database for Systematic Reviews(CDSR),Google Scholar,and National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence(NICE)databases until December 2022 was conducted using free text and MeSH terms:hepatocellular carcinoma,portal vein tumor thrombus,portal vein thrombosis,vascular invasion,liver and/or hepatic resection,liver transplantation,and systematic review.Results:Centers of surgical excellence have reported promising results related to the individualized surgical management of portal thrombus versus arterial chemoembolization or systemic chemotherapy.Critical elements to the individualized surgical management of HCC and portal thrombus include precise classification of the portal vein tumor thrombus,accurate identification of the subgroups of patients who may benefit from resection,as well as meticulous surgical technique.This review addressed five specific areas:(a)formation of PVTT;(b)classifications of PVTT;(c)controversies related to clinical guidelines;(d)surgical treatments versus non-surgical approaches;and(e)characterization of surgical techniques correlated with classifications of PVTT.Conclusions:Current evidence from Chinese and Japanese high-volume centers demonstrated that patients with HCC and associated PVTT can be managed with surgical resection with acceptable results.

关键词： Hepatectomy Liver surgery Liver neoplasms Portal vein tumor thrombus

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Testing and modelling of transient adhesion phenomena in rolling-sliding contacts

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Friction 2024年第5期12卷 1016-1027页

作者： daniel KVARDA Alexander MEIERHOFER Klaus SIX Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Brno University of TechnologyBrno61669Czech Republic Virtual Vehicle Research GmbH Graz8010Austria

Transient adhesion effects in rolling–sliding contacts influence all aspects of train–track interaction.This is of high importance specifically when these effects result in critically low adhesion,which poses a risk to traction and braking of railway vehicles.This study presents a model that can replicate the transient changes of the coefficient of adhesion with tested water and solid particle mix.The experimental data for the model are measured using a commercial ball-on-disc tribometer.The experimental results showed a liquid reservoir in front of the contact area that slowly reduces in size.This observation was used in the modelling approach to divide the calculation into two stages where the reservoir is present and when it disappears.The model was able to reproduce the occurrence of low adhesion region seen in experimental results with different particle concentrations.

关键词： coefficient of adhesion tribology transient effects wheel-rail contact

Rapid growth in a large Cambrian apex predator

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 128-136页

作者：吴雨 Stephen Pates daniel Pauly 张兴亮傅东静 State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Early Life and Environment Department of Geology Northwest University Department of Zoology University of Cambridge Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries University of British Columbia Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences

Despite the importance of ontogenetic data on early diverging euarthropods to our understanding of the ecology and evolution of past life, the data are distinctly lacking, as reconstructing life histories of fossil animals is often challenging. Here we report the growth trajectory of frontal appendages of the apex predator Amplectobelua symbrachiata, one of the most common radiodont arthropods from the early Cambrian Chengjiang biota(c. 520 Ma) of China. Analysis of 432 specimens(9.1–137.1 mm length; 1.3–25.6 mm height) reveals that appendages grew isometrically, with an estimated maximum size of the whole animal of c. 90 cm. Individuals grew rapidly compared to extant arthropods, as assessed using the electronic length-frequency analysis(ELEFAN) approach. Therefore, we show that the Cambrian apex predator A. symbrachiata was an extremely fast-growing arthropod, with an unusual life history strategy that formed as part of the escalatory ‘arms race’ that shaped the Cambrian explosion over 500 Ma.

关键词： stem-group Euarthropoda Radiodonta post-embryonic development growth dynamics Cambrian Explosion

Diagnosing upper tract urothelial carcinoma: A review of the role of diagnostic ureteroscopy and novel developments over last two decades

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第2期11卷 242-252页

作者： Paul Gravestock daniel Cullum Bhaskar Somani Rajan Veeratterapillay Urology Department Freeman HospitalNewcastle Upon TyneUK Department of Urology University Hospital SouthamptonSouthamptonUK

Objective: The role of ureteroscopy in the diagnosis of upper tract urothelial carcinoma is yet to be fully determined. We aimed to provide an up to date evaluation of its role and the emerging technologies in the field.Methods: A literature search of the last two decades (from 24th May, 2001 to 24th May, 2021) was carried out identifying 147 papers for potential inclusion within this narrative review.Results: Diagnostic ureteroscopy is undeniably useful in its ability to visualise and biopsy indeterminate lesions, and to risk stratify malignant lesions that may be suitable for kidney sparing surgery. However, an increased risk of intravesical recurrence following nephroureterectomy when a prior diagnostic ureteroscopy has been performed, inadequate sampling at biopsy, complications from the procedure, and difficult ureteric access are all potential drawbacks. Furthermore, whilst generally an accurate diagnostic procedure, it risks missing carcinoma in-situ lesions. Despite this, evidence shows that routine use of ureteroscopy changes the management of patients in a large proportion of cases, preventing unnecessary surgery or facilitating kidney sparing surgery. The overall rate of complications is low, and improved biopsy techniques and the use of tissue biomarkers for improved staging and grading are encouraging. The risks of delays to definitive management and post-ureteroscopy intravesical recurrence do not seem to affect survival, and trials are in progress to determine whether intravesical therapy can mitigate the latter. Further promising techniques are being investigated to improve shortcomings, particularly in relation to improved diagnosis of carcinoma in situ and preoperative staging.Conclusion: Ureteroscopy has a role in the diagnosis of upper tract malignancy, though whether it should be used routinely is yet to be determined.

关键词： Ureteroscopy Carcinoma Transitional cell Ureteralneoplasms Urinary bladder neoplasms Carcinomainsitu Biopsy

Online Demand Response Characterization Based on Variability in Customer Behavior

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第3期12卷 936-946页

作者： Lester Marrero daniel Sbárbaro Luis García-Santander the Department of Electrical Engineering University of Concepción IEEE

This paper proposes an online framework to characterize demand response(DR) over time. The proposed framework facilitates obtaining and updating the daily consumption patterns of customers. The essential concept of response profile class(RPC) is introduced for characterization and complemented by the measure of the variability in customer behavior. This paper uses a modified version of the incremental clustering by fast search and find of density peaks(CFSFDP) algorithm for daily profiles, considering the multivariate normal kernel density estimator and incremental forms of the Davies-Bouldin(i DB) and Xie-Beni(i XB) validity indices. Case studies conducted using real-world and simulated daily profiles of residential and commercial Chilean end-users have demonstrated how the proposed framework can continuously characterize DR. The proposed framework is proven to achieve realistic customer models for effective energy management by estimating the customer response to price signals at the distribution system operator(DSO) level.

关键词： Clustering algorithms Behavioral sciences Streams Pricing Feature extraction Monitoring Kernel