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A Tutorial on Federated learning from Theory to Practice:Foundations,Software Frameworks,Exemplary Use Cases,and Selected Trends

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第4期11卷 824-850页

作者： m.Victoria luzón Nuria Rodríguez-Barroso Alberto Argente-Garrido daniel Jiménez-lópez Jose m.moyano Javier del Ser Weiping ding Francisco Herrera department of Software Engineering Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence(DaSCI)University of GranadaGranada 18071Spain department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence(DaSCI)University of GranadaGranada 18071Spain department of Communications Engineering University of the Basque Country(UPV/EHU)and also with TECNALIABasque Research&Technology Alliance(BRTA)Spain School of Information Science and Technology Nantong UniversityNantong 226019China

When data privacy is imposed as a necessity,Federated learning(Fl)emerges as a relevant artificial intelligence field for developing machine learning(ml)m.d.ls in a distributed and decentralized *** allows ml m.d.ls to be trained on local devices without any need for centralized data transfer,thereby reducing both the exposure of sensitive data and the possibility of data interception by malicious third *** paradigm has gained momentum in the last few years,spurred by the plethora of real-world applications that have leveraged its ability to improve the efficiency of distributed learning and to accomm.d.te numerous participants with their data *** virtue of Fl,m.d.ls can be learned from all such distributed data sources while preserving data *** aim of this paper is to provide a practical tutorial on Fl,including a short methodology and a systematic analysis of existing software ***,our tutorial provides exemplary cases of study from three complementary perspectives:i)Foundations of Fl,describing the main components of Fl,from key elements to Fl categories;ii)Implementation guidelines and exemplary cases of study,by systematically examining the functionalities provided by existing software frameworks for Fl deployment,devising a methodology to design a Fl scenario,and providing exemplary cases of study with source code for different ml approaches;and iii)Trends,shortly reviewing a non-exhaustive list of research directions that are under active investigation in the current Fl *** ultimate purpose of this work is to establish itself as a referential work for researchers,developers,and data scientists willing to explore the capabilities of Fl in practical applications.

关键词： data privacy distributed machine learning federated learning software frameworks

美国结直肠外科医师协会2019版肠道准备在择期结直肠手术中的应用临床实践指南

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结直肠肛门外科 2019年第4期25卷 375-380页

作者： John migaly,m.d. Andrea C.Bafford,m.d. Todd d.Francone,m.d.,m.P.H. Wolfgang B.Gaertner,m.d.,m.Sc. Cagla Eskicioglu,m.d.,m.Sc.,F.R.C.S.C. liliana Bordeianou,m.d.,m.P.H. daniel l.feingold,m.d. Scott R.Steele,m.d.,m.B.A. 刘孟承王恺京杜涛傅传刚 department of Surgery Duke University School of Medicine department of Surgery University of Maryland Medical Center department of Surgery Massachusetts General Hospital division of Colorectal Surgery University of Minnesota Health department of Surgery Michael G.DeGroote School of Medicine McMaster University department of Surgery Columbia University Irving Medical Center department of Colorectal Surgery Cleveland Clinic Cleveland Ohio 同济大学附属东方医院胃肠肛肠外科

美国结直肠外科医师协会(The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons,ASCRS)于2019年1月公布了最新的肠道准备在择期结直肠手术中的应用临床实践指南。该指南是由国际知名结直肠外科专家组成的临床实践指南委员会修订,对肠道... 详细信息

美国结直肠外科医师协会(The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons,ASCRS)于2019年1月公布了最新的肠道准备在择期结直肠手术中的应用临床实践指南。该指南是由国际知名结直肠外科专家组成的临床实践指南委员会修订,对肠道准备的一些争议进行了汇总和分析。

关键词：结直肠手术肠道准备治疗指南美国结直肠外科医师协会循证医学

A combined computational/experimental study of anode-concerned voltage drop in aqueous primary mg-air batteries

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1854-1866页

作者： Wen Xu min deng darya Snihirova linqian Wang Yulong Wu Sviatlana V.lamaka mikhail l.Zheludkevich daniel Hoche Institute of Surface Science Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon21502 GeesthachtGermany School of materials Science and Engineering Hebei University of Technology300000TianjinChina Institute for materials Science Faculty of EngineeringKiel University24143 KielGermany

The voltage drop appearing at mg anode-electrolyte interface is a critical issue for the battery power and energy density of aqueous primary mg-air *** respective voltage loss is typically assigned to the deposits layer forming on the anode surface during *** this work,we experimentally and computationally investigate the critical factors affecting the voltage drop at mg anode towards a deeper understanding of the contribution of deposit and its growth.A two-dimensional(2d)mathematical m.d.l is proposed to compute the voltage drop of mg-0.15Ca wt.%alloy(mg-0.15Ca)by means of a semi-empirical formulas and experiments-based m.d.fication m.d.l,considering the effect of discharge current density,the negative difference effect(NdE)and surface deposits layer *** m.d.l is utilized to simulate the discharge potential of the anode at predefined experimental current *** computed voltage drop(half-cell voltage)is in good agreement with the experimental *** applicability of the mathematical m.d.l is successfully validated on the second material(namely high-purity mg).

关键词： Aqueous mg-air battery Voltage drop NdE Charge transfer deposits-related resistances

Risk factors for long COVId in children and adolescents:a systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期20卷 133-142页

作者： daniel G.Rayner Elaine Wang Cloris Su Om.d.Patel Stephanie Aleluya Alessandra Giglia Evelyn Zhu maha Siddique department of Health Research methods Evidenceand ImpactFaculty of Health SciencesMcMaster University1280 Main St WHamiltonONL8S 4K1Canada Faculty of Health Sciences McMaster University1280 Main St WHamiltonON L8S 4K1Canada Faculty of Science McMaster University1280 Main St WHamiltonONL8S 4K1Canada

Background The long-term sequelae of COVId-19 in children and adolescents remain poorly understood and *** systematic review and meta-analysis sought to summarize the risk factors for long COVId in the pediatric *** We searched six databases from January 2020 to may 2023 for observational studies reporting on risk factors for long COVId or persistent symptoms those were present 12 or more weeks post-infection using multivariable regression *** registries,reference lists of included studies,and preprint servers were hand-searched for relevant ***-effects meta-analyses were conducted to pool odds ratios for each risk *** study risk of bias was rated using QUIPS,and the GRAdE framework was used to assess the certainty of evidence for each unique *** Sixteen observational studies(N=46,262)were included,and 19 risk factors were amenable to *** m.d.rate certainty in the evidence,age(per 2-year increase),allergic rhinitis,obesity,previous respiratory diseases,hospitalization,severe acute COVId-19,and symptomatic acute COVId-19 are probably associated with an increased risk of long *** sex,asthma,comorbidity,and heart diseases may be associated with an increased risk of long COVId,and Asian and Black races may be associated with a decreased risk of long *** did not observe any credible subgroup effects for any risk *** The current body of literature presents several compelling risk factors for the development of long COVId in the pediatric *** research is necessary to elucidate the pathophysiology of long COVId.

关键词： COVId-19 long COVId Post-acute COVId-19 syndrome Pediatrics Risk factors

Three-dimensional analysis of age and sex differences in femoral head asphericity in asymptomatic hips in the United States

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第8期15卷 754-763页

作者： mahad m Hassan Aliya G Feroe Brenton W douglass Andrew E Jimenez Benjamin Kuhns Charles F mitchell Robert l Parisien daniel A maranho Eduardo N Novais Young-Jo Kim Ata m Kiapour department of Orthopedic Surgery University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55454United States department of Orthopedic Surgery TRIA Orthopaedic CenterBloomingtonMN 55122United States department of Orthopedic Surgery Boston Children’s HospitalBostonMA 02115United States department of Orthopedic Surgery Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55901United States department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Yale School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06510United States department of Orthopedic Surgery American Hip Institute Research FoundationDes PlainesIL 60018United States department of Orthopedic Surgery Mount SinaiNew YorkNY 10029United States department of Biomechanics Medicineand Rehabilitation of the Locomotor SystemRibeirao Preto Medical SchoolUniversity of São PauloRibeirao Preto 14048-900São PauloBrazil

BACKGROUNd The sphericity of the femoral head is a metric used to evaluate hip pathologies and is associated with the development of osteoarthritis and femoral-acetabular *** To analyze the three-dimensional asphericity of the femoral head of asymptomatic pediatric *** hypothesized that femoral head asphericity will vary significantly between male and female pediatric hips and increase with age in both *** Computed tomography scans were obtained on 158 children and adolescents from a single institution in the United States(8-18 years;50%male)without hip *** femoral measurements including the femoral head diameter,femoral head volume,residual volume,asphericity index,and local diameter difference were used to evaluate femoral head *** In both sexes,the residual volume increased by age(Pdespite significantly smaller femoral head size in older ages(>13 years)in females,there were no sex-differences in residual volume and aspherity *** were no age-related changes in mean diameter difference in both sexes(P=0.07)with no significant sex-differences across different age groups(P=0.06).In contrast,there were significant increases in local aspherity(maximum.d.ameter difference)across whole surface of the femoral head and all quadrants except the inferior regions in males(P=0.03).There were no sex-differences in maximum.d.ameter difference at any regions and age group(P>0.05).Increased alpha angle was only correlated to increased mean diameter difference across overall surface of the femoral head(P=0.024).CONClUSION There is a substantial localized asphericity in asymptomatic hips which increases with age *** 2d measured alpha angle can capture overall asphericity of the femoral head,it may not be sensitive enough to represent regional asphericity patterns.

关键词： Hip Femoral head Sphericity Skeletal growth Sex differences

Associations of accelerometry-measured and self-reported physical activity and sedentary behavior with skeletal muscle energetics:The Study of muscle,mobility and Aging(SOmmA)

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 621-630页

作者： Yujia(Susanna)Qiao Terri l.Blackwell Peggy m.Cawthon Paul m.Coen Steven R.Cummings Giovanna distefano Samaneh Farsijani daniel E.Forman Bret H.Goodpaster Stephen B.Kritchevsky Theresa mau Frederico G.S.Toledo Anne B.Newman Nancy W.Glynn department of Epidemiology School of Public HealthUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA San Francisco Coordinating Center California Pacific Medical Center Research InstituteSan FranciscoCA 94143USA department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA 94143USA Translational Research Institute AdventHealthOrlandoFL 32804USA department of m.d.cine(Geriatrics and Cardiology) University of Pittsburghand GeriatricsResearchEducationand Clinical Center(GRECC)VA Pittsburgh Healthcare SystemPittsburghPA 15261USA department of Internal m.d.cine Section on Gerontology and Geriatric MedicineWake Forest School of MedicineWinston-SalemNC 27109USA division of Endocrinology and metabolism Department of MedicineUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA

Background:Skeletal muscle energetics decline with age,and physical activity(PA)has been shown to offset these declines in older ***,many studies reporting these effects were based on self-reported PA or structured exercise ***,we examined the associations of accelerometry-measured and self-reported PA and sedentary behavior(SB)with skeletal muscle energetics and explored the extent to which PA and sedentary behavior would attenuate the associations of age with muscle ***:As part of the Study of muscle,mobility and Aging,enrolled older adults(n=879),810(age=76.4±5.0 years old,mean±Sd;58%women)had maximal muscle oxidative capacity measured ex vivo via high-resolution re spirometry of permeabilized myofibers(maximal oxidative phosphorylation(maxOXPHOS))and in vivo by ^(31)phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy(maximal adenosine triphosphate(ATP_(max))).Accelerometry-measured sedentary behavior,light activity,and m.d.rate-to-vigorous PA(mVPA)were assessed using a wrist-worn ActiGraph GT9X over 7 ***-reported sedentary behavior,mVPA,and all PA were assessed with the Community Healthy Activities m.d.l Program for Seniors(CHAmPS)*** regression m.d.ls with progressive covariate adjustments evaluated the associations of sedentary behavior and PA with muscle energetics,as well as the attenuation of the age/muscle energetics association by mVP A and sedentary *** a sensitivity analysis,we also examined activPAl-measured daily step count and time spent in sedentary behavior and their associations with muscle ***:Every 30 min/day more of ActiGraph-measured mVPA was associated with 0.65 pmol/(s×mg)higher maxOXPHOS and 0.012 mm/s higher ATP_(max)after adjusting for age,site/technician,and sex(plight activity was not associated with maxOXPHOS or ATP_(max).meanwhile,every 30 min/day spent in ActiGraph-measured sedentary behavior was associated with 0.39 pmol/s×mg lower maxOXPHOS and0.

关键词： Aging Exercise mitochondria

How to explore a new environment:exploratory tactics of the black rat(Rattus rattus)

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Current Zoology 2024年第3期70卷 371-382页

作者： IvetaŠtolhoferová Veronika Rudolfová Hana Skalíková Barbora Vobrubová daniel Frynta department of Zoology Faculty of ScienceCharles UniversityViničná712843 Prague 2Czechia

The black rat(Rattus rattus)is a unique m.d.l for studying exploratory tactics due to its enormous colonizing *** behavioral variability and consistent interindividual differences might help populations inhabit new environments and persist there even under intense pres***,the affnity of the black rat for climbing might be another advantage,widening their potential *** this study,we describe the exploratory tactics of the black rats when introduced to a novel *** the frst experiment,we tested 12 rats and calculated repeatability of their behaviors across 12 sessions of an enriched open-feld *** concluded that climbing is a highly repeatable behavior that serves as an important source of interindividual *** the second experiment,we tested 24 black rats in a unique l-shaped *** rat was tested *** found that the majority of rats distributed their activity evenly,exploring each part of the apparatus for a similar amount of time,thus maximizing their chances of fnding ***,these“even”explorers still greatly differed in their level of activity,orderliness and affnity for climbing,generating large *** contrast,the minority of rats concentrated their activity only on a section of the new environment and were therefore characterized as selective ***,we concluded that a combination of such exploratory tactics as well as a bias for even explorers enables black rats to quickly colonize new environments and persist there even under unfavorable conditions.

关键词： 3d behavior climbing repeatability strategy.

Elucidating regulatory processes of intense physical activity by multi-omics analysis

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military m.d.cal Research 2024年第4期 479-499页

作者： Ernesto S.Nakayasu marina A.Gritsenko Young-mo Kim Jennifer E.Kyle Kelly G.Stratton Carrie d.Nicora Nathalie munoz Kathleen m. Navarro daniel Claborne Yuqian Gao Karl K.Weitz Vanessa l. Paurus Kent J. Bloodsworth Kelsey A. Allen lisa m. Bramer Fernando montes Kathleen A. Clark Grant Tietje Justin Teeguarden Kristin E.Burnum-Johnson Biological Sciences division Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Environmental and molecular Sciences division Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Centers for disease Control and Prevention National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Western States Division Computational Analytics division Pacific Northwest National Laboratory National Security directorate Pacific Northwest National Laboratory los Angeles County Fire department Centers for disease Control and Prevention National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Respiratory Health Division Environmental and molecular Toxicology Oregon State University

Background: Physiological and biochemical processes across tissues of the body are regulated in response to the high demands of intense physical activity in several occupations, such as firefighting, law enforcement, military, and sports. A better understanding of such processes can ultimately help improve human performance and prevent illnesses in the work ***: To study regulatory processes in intense physical activity simulating real-life conditions, we perform.d.a multi-omics analysis of 3 biofluids(blood plasma, urine, and saliva) collected from 11 wildland firefighters before and after a 45 min, intense exercise regimen. Omics profiles post-vs. pre-exercise were compared by Student's t-test followed by pathway analysis and comparison between the different omics ***: Our multi-omics analysis identified and quantified 3835 proteins, 730 lipids and 182 metabolites combining the 3 different types of samples. The blood plasma analysis revealed signatures of tissue damage and acute repair response accompanied by enhanced carbon metabolism to meet energy demands. The urine analysis showed a strong, concomitant regulation of 6 out of 8 identified proteins from the renin-angiotensin system supporting increased excretion of catabolites, reabsorption of nutrients and maintenance of fluid balance. In saliva, we observed a decrease in 3 pro-inflammatory cytokines and an increase in 8 antimicrobial peptides. A systematic literature review identified 6 papers that support an altered susceptibility to respiratory ***: This study shows simultaneous regulatory signatures in biofluids indicative of homeostatic maintenance during intense physical activity with possible effects on increased infection susceptibility, suggesting that caution against respiratory diseases could benefit workers on highly physical demanding jobs.

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does the provision of live black soldier fly and yellow mealworm larvae improve muscovy duck welfare?

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 442-455页

作者： marta Gariglio Sihem.d.bbou manuela Renna Ilaria Biasato Sara Bellezza Oddon marco meneguz Raul daniel miazzo Stefania Bergagna Elena Colombino Elisabetta macchi Achille Schiavone department of Veterinary Sciences University of TurinLargo Paolo Braccini 2GrugliascoTorino(TO)10095Italy Center Agriculture Food Environment(C3A) University of TrentoVia Edmund Mach 1San Michele All’AdigeTrento(TN)38098Italy department of Agricultural Forest and Food SciencesUniversity of TurinLargo Paolo Braccini 2GrugliascoTorino(TO)10095Italy BEF Biosystems s.r.l Via Tancredi Canonico 18/CTorino(TO)10156Italy Unidad de Investigacion Aviar Produccion AvicolaFac.Agr.y Vet.Universidad Nacional de Rio CuartoCordobaArgentina Veterinary m.d.cal Research Institute for Piemonte Liguria and Valle d’AostaVia Bologna 148Torino(TO)10154Italy

Background The provision of environmental enrichments to muscovy ducks could reduce the expression of the aggressive *** aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of black soldier fly(BSF)and yellow mealworm(Ym)live larva provision on muscovy duck performance,excreta corticosterone metabolites(ECm),behavior,and blood *** A total of 1263-day-old female muscovy ducklings were allotted to 18 pens(6 replicates/treatment,7 birds/pen)and assigned to 3 experimental treatments:a control group fed commercial feed,and two experimental treatments fed commercial feed plus the 5%(based on the expected daily feed intake,as fed basis)of BSF and Ym live larvae(BSF and Ym groups,respectively).A two-phase feeding program was applied:starter(from 3 to 31 days of age)and grower-finisher(from 32 to 55 days of age).The live weight,average daily gain,average daily feed intake,and feed conversion ratio were *** consumption times were collected,and video recordings were perform.d.during 3 periods(P)each day:the hour before(P1),during(P2),and after(P3)the larva *** were evaluated at 3,31,and ***,the total red and white blood cell counts,serum proteins,lipids,and liver and renal function serum enzymes were evaluated on 12 birds/*** The experimental treatment did not affect the growth performance of the birds(P>0.05).larva consumption times were always similar between the two insect species,except at 14–18 days of age,were BSF larvae were consum.d.faster than Ym larvae(Pds showed less walking activity during P2,and preening behavior increased in Ym birds during *** C birds increased the attack behavior over the weeks(Pduring weeks 1–3 the Ym group reduced the attack frequency(P1>P3;Plly,the provision of live BSF and Ym larvae significantly reduced the ECm at 55 days of age and the heterophil to lymphocyte ratio(Plusions live BSF and Ym larva supplementatio

关键词： Behavior Cairina moschata Environmental enrichment Hermetia illucens Poultry Tenebrio molitor Welfare