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Management practices of hepatitis C virus infected alcoholic hepatitis patients:A survey of physicians

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2013年第2期4卷 16-22页

作者： Ashwani K Singal habeeb Salameh Anjna Singal Sarat C Jampana daniel h freeman Karl E Anderson Don Brunder Departments of Internal Medicine GastroenterologyBiostatistics and LibraryUniversity of YX Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555United States Division of Gastroenterology and hepatology University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 35294-0012United States

AIM:To survey gastroenterologists and hepatologists regarding their current views on treating hepatitis C virus(hCV) infected alcoholic hepatitis(Ah) ***:A sixteen item questionnaire was electronically mailed to gastroenterologists and hepatologists.A reminder was sent after 2 mo to increase the response *** of respondents was *** secured web site to respond to the questionnaire was considered as informed *** received on the secured website were downloaded in an excel sheet for data ***:Analyzing 416 responses to 1556(27% response rate) emails,57% respondents(56% gastroenterologists) reported hCV prevalence > 20% amongst Ah *** nine percent often treated Ah and 46% preferred corticosteroids(CS).Proportion of respondents with consensus(75% or more respondents agreeing on question) on specific management of hCV infected Ah were:routine hCV testing(94%),hCV not changing response to CS(80%) or pentoxifylline(91%),no change in approach to treating hCV infected Ah(75%).None of respondent variables:age,specialty,annual number of patients seen,and hCV prevalence could predict respondent to be in consensus on any of or all 4 ***,only 4% would choose CS for treating hCV infected Ah as opposed to 47% while treating hCV negative ***:Gastroenterologists and hepatologists believe that Ah patients be routinely checked for ***,there is lack of consensus on choice of drug for treatment and outcome of hCV positive Ah *** are needed to develop guidelines for management of hCV infected Ah patients.

关键词： Survey Alcoholic hepatitis hepatitis C virus Alcoholic liver disease

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Diagnosing upper tract urothelial carcinoma: A review of the role of diagnostic ureteroscopy and novel developments over last two decades

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第2期11卷 242-252页

作者： Paul Gravestock daniel Cullum Bhaskar Somani Rajan Veeratterapillay Urology Department Freeman HospitalNewcastle Upon TyneUK Department of Urology University Hospital SouthamptonSouthamptonUK

Objective: The role of ureteroscopy in the diagnosis of upper tract urothelial carcinoma is yet to be fully determined. We aimed to provide an up to date evaluation of its role and the emerging technologies in the ***: A literature search of the last two decades (from 24th May, 2001 to 24th May, 2021) was carried out identifying 147 papers for potential inclusion within this narrative ***: Diagnostic ureteroscopy is undeniably useful in its ability to visualise and biopsy indeterminate lesions, and to risk stratify malignant lesions that may be suitable for kidney sparing surgery. however, an increased risk of intravesical recurrence following nephroureterectomy when a prior diagnostic ureteroscopy has been performed, inadequate sampling at biopsy, complications from the procedure, and difficult ureteric access are all potential drawbacks. Furthermore, whilst generally an accurate diagnostic procedure, it risks missing carcinoma in-situ lesions. Despite this, evidence shows that routine use of ureteroscopy changes the management of patients in a large proportion of cases, preventing unnecessary surgery or facilitating kidney sparing surgery. The overall rate of complications is low, and improved biopsy techniques and the use of tissue biomarkers for improved staging and grading are encouraging. The risks of delays to definitive management and post-ureteroscopy intravesical recurrence do not seem to affect survival, and trials are in progress to determine whether intravesical therapy can mitigate the latter. Further promising techniques are being investigated to improve shortcomings, particularly in relation to improved diagnosis of carcinoma in situ and preoperative ***: Ureteroscopy has a role in the diagnosis of upper tract malignancy, though whether it should be used routinely is yet to be determined.

关键词： Ureteroscopy Carcinoma Transitional cell Ureteralneoplasms Urinary bladder neoplasms Carcinomainsitu Biopsy

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Using remotely sensed and climate data to predict the current and potential future geographic distribution of a bird at multiple scales: the case of Agelastes meleagrides, a western African forest endemic

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Avian Research 2019年第3期10卷 262-270页

作者： Benedictus freeman daniel Jiménez-García Benjamin Barca Matthew Grainger Biodiversity Institute University of KansasLawrenceKS 66045USA Centro de Agroecoloía y Ambiente Instituto de CienciasBenemérita Universidad Autónoma de PueblaPueblaPueblaMexico Royal Society for the Protection of Birds Gola Rainforest National ParkKailahunSierra Leone School of Natural and Environmental Sciences Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RUUK

Background:Understanding geographic distributions of species is a crucial step in spatial planning for biodiversity conservation, particularly as regards changes in response to global climate *** information is especially important for species of global conservation concern that are susceptible to the effects of habitat loss and climate change. In this study, we used ecological niche modeling to assess the current and future geographic distributional potential of *** Guineafowl (Agelastes meleagrides)(Vulnerable) across West Africa. Methods:We used primary occurrence data obtained from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility and national parks in Liberia and Sierra Leone, and two independent environmental datasets (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer normalized difference vegetation index at 250 m spatial resolution, and Worldclim climate data at 2.5' spatial resolution for two representative concentration pathway emissions scenarios and 27 general circulation models for 2050) to build ecological niche models in Maxent. Results: From the projections, *** Guineafowl showed a broader potential distribution across the region compared to the current IUCN range estimate for the species. Suitable areas were concentrated in the Gola rainforests in northwestern Liberia and southeastern Sierra Leone, the *** corridor in southeastern Liberia and southwestern Cote d'lvoire, and the Nimba Mountains in northern Liberia, southeastern Guinea, and northwestern Cote d'*** *** projections anticipated minimal range shifts in response to climate change. Conclusions: By combining remotely sensed data and climatic data, our results suggest that forest cover, rather than climate is the major driver of the species' current distribution. Thus, conservation efforts should prioritize forest protection and mitigation of other anthropogenic threats (*** pressure) affecting the species.

关键词： Climate change Conservation Conservation planning Ecological niche modeling Species distribution Upper Guinea Forest White-breasted Guineafowl

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On the potential of documenting decadal-scale avifaunal change from before-and-after comparisons of museum and observational data across North America

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Avian Research 2022年第1期13卷 1-10页

作者： Fernando Machado-Stredel Benedictus freeman daniel Jiménez-Garcia Marlon E.Cobos Claudia Nunez-Penichet Laura Jiménez Ed Komp Utku Perktas Ali Khalighifar Kate Ingenloff Walter Tapondjou Thilina de Silva Sumudu Fernando Luis Osorio-Olvera A.Townsend Peterson Biodiversity Institute and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of KansasLawrenceKSUSA Centro de Agroecología y Ambiente Instituto de CienciasBenemérita Universidad Autónoma de PueblaPueblaPueblaMexico Information and Telecommunication Technology Center(ITTC) University of KansasLawrenceKSUSA Department of Biology(Zoology Section-Biogeography Research Lab.) Faculty of ScienceHacettepe UniversityBeytepeAnkaraTurkey Department of Ornithology American Museum of Natural HistoryCentral Park West at 79th StreetNew YorkNYUSA Departamento de Ecología de la Biodiversidad Instituto de EcologíaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de MéxicoMéxico

Studies of biodiversity dynamics have been cast on either long(systematics)or short(ecology)time scales,leaving a gap in coverage for moderate time scales of decades to ***-scale biodiversity information resources now available offer opportunities to fill this gap for many parts of the world via detailed,quantitative comparisons of assemblage composition,particularly for regions without rich time series *** explore the possibility that such changes in avifaunas across the United States and Canada before and after the first three decades of marked global change(i.e.,prior to 1980 versus after 2010)can be reconstructed and characterized from existing primary biodiversity *** an illustration of the potential of this methodology for sites even in regions not as well sampled as the United States and Canada,we also explored changes at a single site in Mexico(Chichén-Itzá).We analyzed two large-scale datasets:one summarizing bird records in the United States and Canada before 1980,and one for the same region after *** used probabilistic inventory completeness analyses to identify sites that have avifaunas that have likely been inventoried more or less *** prepared detailed comparisons between the two time periods to analyze species showing distributional changes over the time period *** identified 139 sites on a 0.05°grid that were demonstrably well-inventoried before 1980 in the United States and Canada,of which 108 were also well-inventoried after *** presence/absence patterns between the two time periods for 601 bird species,we found significant spatial autocorrelation in overall avifaunal turnover(species gained and lost),but not in numbers of species *** noted potential northward retractions of ranges of several species with high-latitude(boreal)distributions,while other species showed dominant patterns of population loss,either rangewide(e.g.,Tympanuchus cupido)or regionally(e.g.,Thryomanes bewickii).We dev

关键词： Biodiversity dynamics Birds Climate change Inventory completeness Time scale Turnover

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眼内扫描激光视野计用于检测老年黄斑变性

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美国医学会眼科杂志（中文版） 2005年第3期17卷 188-188页

作者： William R. freeman Mohamed EI-Bradey daniel J. Plummer 陆遥（译）

目的：测定眼内扫描激光视野计用于检测老年黄斑变性（ARMD）视功能损害的敏感性和特异性。方法：通过眼内扫描激光视野计测定了患者是否存在视野损害，并在双盲情况下，根据眼底照相的表现评估老年黄斑变性的严重程度。一项前瞻性的双... 详细信息

目的：测定眼内扫描激光视野计用于检测老年黄斑变性（ARMD）视功能损害的敏感性和特异性。方法：通过眼内扫描激光视野计测定了患者是否存在视野损害，并在双盲情况下，根据眼底照相的表现评估老年黄斑变性的严重程度。一项前瞻性的双盲实验比较了眼内视野计和眼底照相的结果。91位老年黄斑变性患者和24位非老年黄斑变性患者通过眼科检查后人选了该实验。院内有关审查组批准了此研究。视野暗点是我们测定的主要结果。

关键词：老年黄斑变性扫描激光视野计眼内检测眼底照相实验比较视功能损害视野损害

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