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diabetes Type 2: Poincaré data Preprocessing for Quantum Machine Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第5期67卷 1849-1861页

作者： daniel Sierra-Sosa Juan d.Arcila-Moreno Begonya Garcia-Zapirain Adel Elmaghraby department of Computer Science and Engineering University of LouisvilleLouisvilleKYUSA Apolo Scientific Computing Center Universidad EAFITMedellínColombia eVida Research Group University of DeustoBilbaoSpain

Quantum Machine Learning(QML)techniques have been recently attracting massive *** reported applications usually employ synthetic or well-known *** of these techniques based on using a hybrid approach combining quantum and classic devices is the Variational Quantum Classifier(VQC),which development seems *** being largely studied,VQC implementations for“real-world”datasets are still challenging on Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum devices(NISQ).In this paper we propose a preprocessing pipeline based on Stokes parameters for data *** pipeline enhances the prediction rates when applying VQC techniques,improving the feasibility of solving classification problems using NISQ *** including feature selection techniques and geometrical transformations,enhanced quantum state preparation is ***,a representation based on the Stokes parameters in the PoincaréSphere is possible for visualizing the *** results show that by using the proposed techniques we improve the classification score for the incidence of acute comorbid diseases in Type 2 diabetes Mellitus *** used the implemented version of VQC available on IBM’s framework Qiskit,and obtained with two and three qubits an accuracy of 70%and 72%respectively.

关键词： Quantum machine learning data preprocessing stokes parameters Poincarésphere

K＋ Transporter AtCHX17 with Its Hydrophilic C Tail Localizes to Membranes of the Secretory/Endocytic System： Role in Reproduction and Seed Set

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Molecular Plant 2013年第4期6卷 1226-1246页

作者： Salil Chanroj Senthilkumar Padmanaban daniel d. Czerny Guang-Yuh Jauh Heven Sze department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics and Maryland Agricultural Experiment Station University of Maryland College Park MD USA department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture University of Maryland College Park MD USA Present address: department of Biotechnology Faculty of Science Burapha University Chon-Buri 20131 Thailand Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology Academia Sinica 128 Academia Road Section 2 Nankang Taipei

The importance of sorting proteins and wall materials to their destination is critical for plant growth and development, though the machinery orchestrating membrane trafficking is poorly understood. Transporters that alter the environment across endomembrane compartments are thought to be important players. Using Escherichia coli and yeast, we previously showed that several Arabidopsis Cation/H＋ eXchanger （AtCHX） members were K＋ transporters with a role in pH homeostasis, though their subcellular location and biological roles in plants are unclear. Co-expression of markers with CHX16, CHX17, CHX18, or CHX19 tagged with a fluorescent protein indicated these transporters associated with plasma membrane （PM） and post-Golgi compartments. Under its native promoter, AtCHX17（l_820）-GFP localized to prevacuolar compartment （PVC） and to PM in roots. Brefeldin A diminished AtCHX17- GFP fluorescence at PM, whereas wortmannin caused formation of GFP-labeled ring-like structures, suggesting AtCHX17 trafficked among PVC, vacuole and PM. AtCHX17（1-472） lacking its carboxylic tail did not associate with PVC or PM in plant cells. Single chx17 mutant or higher-order mutants showed normal root growth and vegetative devel- opment. However, quadruple （chx16chx17chxlSchx19） mutants were reduced in frequency and produced 50%-70% fewer seeds, indicating overlapping roles of several AtCHX17-related transporters in reproduction and/or seed devel- opment. Together, our results suggest that successful reproduction and seed development depend on the ability to regulate cation and pH homeostasis by AtCHX17-1ike transporters on membranes that traffic in the endocytic and/or secretory pathways.

关键词： membrane trafficking pH homeostasis cation/proton antiporter prevacuolar compartment.

Antioxidant capacity and phytochemical content of 16 sources of corn distillers dried grains with solubles(ddGS)

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Animal Nutrition 2018年第4期4卷 435-441页

作者： Eui-Cheol Shin Gerald C.Shurson daniel d.Gallaher department of Food Science and Nutrition University of Minnesota department of Animal Science University of Minnesota

Corn distillers dried grains with solubles(ddGS) is a co-product of the fuel ethanol industry that is an excellent source of energy, digestible amino acids, and digestible phosphorus. However, the antioxidant capacity and phytochemical content of ddGS and how it is influenced by production parameters is unknown. Therefore, 16 ddGS samples obtained from different ethanol production plants in the *** characterized for antioxidant capacity, vitamin E, xanthophylls, and ferulic acid content and compared with corn. The antioxidant capacity of ddGS samples, measured using the 2,2-diphenyl-lpicrylhydrazyl(dPPH) assay, varied almost 2 folds among samples, but in all cases was more than 3 times that of corn. All ddGS samples had a considerably greater concentration of tocopherols and tocotrienols(lipid-soluble antioxidants) than corn. However, the relative concentrations among the tocopherols and tocotrienols tended to be similar to corn. The xanthophyll lutein was present in all ddGS samples and in all cases exceeded the content in corn. Zeaxanthin was detected in most samples. The total ferulic acid content of the ddGS samples was almost 3-fold greater than corn, but, as in corn, almost all was present in a bound form. However, the concentration of unbound(free) ferulic acid was more than 3 times the concentration found in the corn sample. Thus, ddGS is a rich source of phytochemical compounds and may provide antioxidant and health benefits beyond its macronutrient composition. However, differences in processing can greatly influence the phytochemical content and quality of ddGS. In particular,thermal abuse due to excessive heat used in drying may lead to lipid oxidation products that may have deleterious effects when incorporated into feeds.

关键词： Corn distillers dried grains with solubles Vitamin E Ferulic acid Xanthophylls Lutein Antioxidant capacity

High refractive index of melanin in shiny occipital feathers of a bird of paradise

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Light(Science & Applications) 2015年第1期4卷 518-523页

作者： doekele G Stavenga Hein L Leertouwer daniel C Osorio Bodo d Wilts Computational Physics University of Groningen9747 AGThe Netherlands School of Life Sciences University of SussexBrightonBN19QGUK Adolphe Merkle Institute University of FribourgCH-1700 FribourgSwitzerland

Male Lawes’s Parotia,a bird of paradise,use the highly directional reflection of the structurally colored,brilliant-silvery occipital feathers in their courtship *** in other birds,the structural coloration is produced by ordered melanin *** barbules of the Parotia’s occipital feathers,with thickness,3 μm,contain 6–7 layers of densely packed melanin rodlets(diameter,0.25 μm,length,2 μm).The effectively,0.2 μm thick melanin layers separated by,0.2 μm thick keratin layers create a multilayer interference *** measurements yielded peak wavelengths in the near-infrared at,1.3 μm,i.e.,far outside the visible wavelength *** the Jamin-Lebedeff interference microscopy method recently developed for pigmented media,we here determined the refractive index of the intact *** thus derived the wavelength dependence of the refractive index of the barbules’melanin to be 1.7–1.8 in the visible wavelength *** the anatomical and refractive index data in an optical multilayer model,we calculated the barbules’reflectance,transmittance and absorptance spectra,thereby confirming measured spectra.

关键词： bird of paradise interference reflector iridescence Jamin-Lebedeff microscopy multilayer

The benefits of being dominant:health correlates of male social rank and age in a marmot

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Current Zoology 2022年第1期68卷 19-26页

作者： Kenta UCHIdA Rachel NG Samuel A.VYdRO Jennifer E.SMITH daniel T.BLUMSTEIN department of Ecology&Evolutionary Biology University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095-1606USA department of Biology Mills CollegeOaklandCA 94613USA The Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory Crested ButteCO 81224USA

The benefits of dominance may not come without costs,particularly for *** example,the“immunocompetence handicap hypothesis”states that males with enhanced mating success allocate resources to enhance reproductive output at a cost to their current health,whereas the“resource quality hypothesis”predicts that high-ranking males may benefit from increased reproduction and good *** the predictions from each have been well tested in captive animals and in a variety of highly social primates,fewer studies have been carried out in free-living,facultatively social *** adult male yellow-bellied marmots(Marmota flaviventer),we evaluated predictions of these hypotheses by examining the relationship between social rank and 2 health indicators—fecal glucocorticoid metabolite(FCM)levels,and neutrophil/lymphocyte(N/L)ratios—after accounting for variation explained by age,body mass,and *** found that higher-ranking males tended to have a lower N/L ratio(reflecting good health)than lower-ranking individuals,whereas FCM levels were not significantly related to *** addition,heavier male marmots had lower N/L ratios,whereas body mass was not associated with FCM *** also found that older adult males had lower FCM levels(reflecting less physiological stress)but higher N/L ratios than younger ***,we found that FCM levels decreased as the active season progressed and FCM levels were associated with the time of the ***,our results suggest that socially-dominant male marmots enjoyed better,not worse health in terms of lower N/L ratios.

关键词： immunocompetence handicap hypothesis life history trade-offs N/L ratio physiological stress resource quality hypothesis

Soil water content and nitrogen differentially correlate with multidimensional leaf traits of two temperate broadleaf species

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Plant diversity 2023年第6期45卷 694-701页

作者： Ming-Yue Jin daniel J.Johnson Guang-Ze Jin Qing-Xi Guo Zhi-Li Liu Center for Ecological Research Key Laboratory of Sustainable ForestEcosystem Management-Ministry of EducationNortheast Asia Biodiversity Research CenterNortheast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040HeilongjiangChina School of Forest Resources and Conservation University of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA

The variation and correlation of leaf economics and vein traits are crucial for predicting plant ecological strategies under different environmental ***,correlations between these two suites of traits and abiotic factors such as soil water and nitrogen content remain *** measured leaf economics and vein traits as well as soil water and nitrogen content for two different shade-tolerant species(Betula platyphylla and Acer mono)in four mixed broadleaved-Korean pine(Pinus koraiensis)forests along a latitudinal gradient in Northeast *** found that leaf economics traits and vein traits were decoupled in shade-intolerant species,Betula platphylla,but significantly coupled in a shadetolerant species,*** found stronger correlations among leaf traits in the shade tolerant species than in the shade intolerant ***,leaf economic traits were positively correlated with the soil water gradient for both species,whereas vein traits were positively correlated with soil water gradient for the shade intolerant species but negatively correlated in the shade tolerant *** economic traits were positively correlated with soil nitrogen gradient in shade intolerant species but not correlated in shade tolerant species,vein traits were negatively correlated with soil nitrogen gradient in shade tolerant species but not correlated in shade intolerant *** study provides evidence for distinct correlations between leaf economics and vein traits and local abiotic factors of species differing in light *** recommend that the ecological significance of shade tolerance be considered for species when evaluating ecosystem functions and predicting plant responses to environmental changes.

关键词： Leaf trait multidimensionality Economics traits Vein traits Soil water content Soil total nitrogen Shade tolerance

On-Surface Stereochemical Characterization of a Highly Curved Chiral Nanographene by Noncontact Atomic Force Microscopy and Scanning Tunneling Microscopy

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CCS Chemistry 2023年第12期5卷 2888-2896页

作者： Qigang Zhong Viktor Barat daniel Csokas Kaifeng Niu Marcin Gorecki Animesh Ghosh Jonas Bjork daniel Ebeling Lifeng Chi Andre Schirmeisen Mihaiela C.Stuparu Institute of Applied Physics Center for Materials Research(LaMa)Justus-Liebig University Giessen35392 Giessen School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyNanyang Technological University637371 Singapore Institute of Organic Chemistry Research Center for Natural SciencesH-1117 Budapest Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and devices Institute of Functional Nano and Soft MaterialsSoochow University215123 Suzhou department of Physics Chemistry and BiologyIFMLinkoping University58183 Linkoping Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences01-224 Warsaw Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering(MIMSE) MUST-SUDA Joint Research Center for Advanced Functional MaterialsMacao University of Science and TechnologyTaipa 999078MacaoChina

A highly distorted chiral nanographene structure composed of triple corannulene-fused[5]helicenes is prepared with the help of the Heck reaction and oxidative photocyclization with an overall isolated yield of 28%.The complex three-dimensional(3d)structure of the bowl-helix hybrid nanostructure is studied by a combination of noncontact atomic force microscopy(AFM)and scanning tunneling microscopy(STM)on the Cu(111)surface,density functional theory calculations,AFM/STM simulations,and high-performance liquid chromatography-electronic circular dichroism *** examination reveals a molecular structure in which the three bowl-shaped corannulene bladesd position themselves in a C3-symmetric fashion around a highly twisted triphenylene *** molecule appears to be shaped like a propeller in which the concave side of the bowls face away from the connected[5]helicene *** chirality of the nanostructure is confirmed by the direct visualization of both MMM and PPP enantiomers at the single-molecule level by scanning probe *** results underline that submolecular resolution imaging by AFM/STM is a powerful real-space tool for the stereochemical characterization of 3d curved chiral nanographene structures.

关键词： chirality at surfaces noncontact atomic force microscopy scanning tunnelling microscopy submolecular resolution imaging single-bond resolution curved nanographenes multiple helicenes chiral nanostructures bowl-helix hybrids scanning probe microscopy

The Chinese Carbon-Neutral Goal:Challenges and Prospects

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第8期39卷 1229-1238,I0027-I0030页

作者： Ning ZENG Kejun JIANG Pengfei HAN Zeke HAUSFATHER Junji CAO daniel KIRK-dAVIdOFF Shaukat ALI Sheng ZHOU department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science and Earth System Science Interdisciplinary CenterUniversity of MarylandCollege Park 20742MarylandUSA State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Energy Research Institute National Development and Reform CommissionBeijing 100045China Carbon Neutrality Research Center Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Breakthrough Institute Oakland 94612CaliforniaUSA Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Global Change Impact Study Centre Ministry of Climate ChangeIslamabad 45250Pakistan Institute of Energy Environment and EconomyTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

On 22 September 2020,within the backdrop of the COVId-19 global pandemic,China announced its climate goal for peak carbon emissions before 2030 and to reach carbon neutrality before *** carbon-neutral goal is generally considered to cover all anthropogenic greenhouse *** planning effort is now in full swing in China,but the pathway to decarbonization is *** needed transition towards non-fossil fuel energy and its impact on China and the world may be more profound than its reform and development over the past 40 years,but the challenges are *** of four representative scenarios shows significant differences in achieving the carbon-neutral goal,particularly the contribution of non-fossil fuel energy *** high target values for nuclear,wind,and bioenergy have approached their corresponding resource limitations,with solar energy being the exception,suggesting solar’s critical *** also found that the near-term policies that allow for a gradual transition,followed by more drastic changes after 2030,can eventually reach the carbon-neutral goal and lead to less of a reduction in cumulative emissions,thus inconsistent with the IPCC 1.5°C *** challenges and prospects are discussed in the historical context of China’s socio-economic reform,globalization,international collaboration,and development.

关键词： carbon neutral carbon dioxide reductions energy system transformation distributed energy system model projections

Patient-derived pancreatic cancer-on-a-chip recapitulates the tumor microenvironment

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2022年第2期8卷 135-147页

作者： Muhammad R.Haque Caitlin R.Wessel daniel d.Leary Chengyao Wang Abhinav Bhushan Faraz Bishehsari division of digestive diseases Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome&Chronobiology ResearchRush University Medical CenterChicagoIL 60612USA University of Louisville School of Medicine LouisvilleKT 40202USA department of Biomedical Engineering Illinois Institute of TechnologyChicagoIL 60616USA

The patient population suffering from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PdAC)presents,as a whole,with a high degree of molecular tumor *** heterogeneity of PdAC tumor composition has complicated treatment and stalled success in clinical *** in vitro techniques insufficiently replicate the intricate stromal components of PdAC tumor microenvironments(TMEs)and fail to model a given tumor's unique genetic *** development of patient-derived organoids(PdOs)has opened the door for improved personalized medicine since PdOs are derived directly from patient tumors,thus preserving the tumors'unique behaviors and genetic *** study developed a tumor-chip device engineered to mimic the PdAC TME by incorporating PdOs and stromal cells,specifically pancreatic stellate cells and *** PdOs in a multicellular microfluidic chip device prolongs cellular function and longevity and successfully establishes a complex organotypic tumor environment that incorporates desmoplastic stroma and immune *** primary cancer cells in monoculture were subjected to stroma-depleting agents,there was no effect on cancer cell ***,targeting stroma in our tumor-chip model resulted in a significant increase in the chemotherapy effect on cancer cells,thus validating the use of this tumor-chip device for drug testing.

关键词： cancer chemotherapy adenocarcinoma