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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第10期20卷 1273-1280页

作者： Ryan L.Fimmen Tamara D.Trouts daniel D.Richter Jr. Dharni Vasudevan School of Earth Sciences The Ohio State University 125 S.Oval MallColumbus OH 43210 USA.Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences Duke University Durham NC 27708 USA School of Earth Sciences The Ohio State University 125 S.Oval MallColumbus OH 43210 USA Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences Duke UniversityDurham NC 27708 USA. Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences Duke UniversityDurham NC 27708 USA.Department of Chemistry Bowdoin CollegeBrunswick ME 04011 USA

The objective of this study was to improve primary-amine nitrogen (1°-N) quantification in dissolved organic matter (DOM) originating from natural waters where inorganic forms of N, which may cause analytical interference, are commonly encountered. Efforts were targeted at elucidating organic-N structural criteria influencing the response of organic amines to known colorimetric and fluorescent reagents and exploring the use of divalent metal-assisted amide hydrolysis in combination with fluorescence analyse...

关键词： dissolved organic matter/nitrogen (DOM/DON) o-phthaldialdehyde fluorescamine ninhydrin amino acids amide hydrolysis peptides

Self-Powered Wearable Biosensors

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Accounts of Materials Research 2021年第3期2卷 184-197页

作者： Yu Song daniel Mukasa Haixia Zhang Wei Gao andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering California Institute of TechnologyPasadena 91125CaliforniaUnited States National Key Lab of Micro/Nano Fabrication Technology Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

CONSPECTUS:Wearable biosensors hold the potential of revolutionizing personalized healthcare and *** in chemical sensing,flexible materials,and scalable manufacturing techniques now allow wearables to detect key physiological indicators such as temperature,vital signs,body motion,and molecular *** these systems operating on the skin,they enable continuous and noninvasive disease diagnosis and health *** complex devices,however,require suitable power sources in order to realize their full *** wearable energy harvesters are attractive for addressing the challenges of a wearable power *** harvesters convert various types of ambient energy sources(e.g.,biomechanical energy,biochemical energy,and solar energy)into *** some circumstances,the harvested electrical signals can directly be used for active sensing of physiological *** the other hand,single or hybrid wearable energy harvesters,when integrated with power management circuits and energy storage devices,could power additional biosensors as well as signal processing and data transmission *** sensor systems operate continuously and sustainably without an external power supply are promising candidates in the next generation of wearable electronics and the Internet of *** Account highlights recent progress in self-powered wearable sensors toward personalized healthcare,covering biosensors,energy harvesters,energy storage,and power supply *** Account begins with an introduction of our wearable biosensors toward an epidermal detection of physiological *** in structural and material innovations enable wearable systems to measure both biophysical and biochemical indicators conformably,accurately,and *** then discuss emerging technologies in wearable energy harvesting,classified according to their capability to scavenge energy from various *** include examples of

关键词： enable attractive Power

Melanoma:Molecular genetics,metastasis,targeted therapies,immunotherapies,and therapeutic resistance

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Genes & Diseases 2022年第6期9卷 1608-1623页

作者： William Wagstaff Rimel N.Mwamba Karina Grullon Mikhayla Armstrong Piao Zhao Bryce Hendren-Santiago Kevin H.Qin Alexander J.Li daniel A.Hu andrew Youssef Russell R.Reid Hue H.Luu Le Shen Tong-Chuan He Rex C.Haydon The Pritzker School of Medicine and the Medical Scientist Training ProgramThe University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoIL 60637USA Molecular Oncology Laboratory Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation MedicineThe University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoIL 60637USA Department of Orthopaedic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016PR China Laboratory of Craniofacial Suture Biology and Development Department of Surgery Section of Plastic SurgeryThe University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoIL 60637USA Department of Surgery The University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoIL 60637USA

Cutaneous melanoma is a common cancer and cases have steadily increased since the mid *** some patients,early diagnosis and surgical removal of melanomas is lifesaving,while other patients typically turn to molecular targeted therapies and immunotherapies as treatment *** sampling of melanomas allows the scientific community to identify the most prevalent mutations that initiate melanoma such as the BRAF,NRAS,and TERT genes,some of which can be therapeutically *** initially effective,many tumors acquire resistance to the targeted therapies demonstrating the need to investigate compensatory *** represent an alternative to molecular targeted ***,inter-tumoral immune cell populations dictate initial therapeutic response and even tumors that responded to treatment develop resistance in the long *** the protocol for combination therapies develop,so will our scientific understanding of the many pathways at play in the progression of *** future direction of the field may be to find a molecule that connects all of the ***,noncoding RNAs have been shown to play important roles in melanoma development and *** noncoding RNAs may help us to understand how resistance e both primary and acquired e develops;ultimately allow us to harness the true potential of current *** review will cover the basic structure of the skin,the mutations and pathways responsible for transforming melanocytes into melanomas,the process by which melanomas metastasize,targeted therapeutics,and the potential that noncoding RNAs have as a prognostic and treatment tool.

关键词： BRAF inhibitors Checkpoint inhibitors Drug resistance Immunotherapy Melanoma Melanoma metastasis Skin cancer Targeted therapy Therapeutic resistance

Second-harmonic-assisted four-wave mixing in chip-based microresonator frequency comb generation

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Light(Science & Applications) 2016年第1期5卷 79-87页

作者： Xiaoxiao Xue François Leo Yi Xuan Jose A Jaramillo-Villegas Pei-Hsun Wang daniel E Leaird Miro Erkintalo Minghao Qi andrew M Weiner Department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University465 Northwestern AvenueWest LafayetteIN 47907-2035USA The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies Department of PhysicsThe University of AucklandAuckland 1142New Zealand OPERA-photonics Universitélibre de Bruxelles(U.L.B.)50 Avenue F.D.RooseveltCP 194/5B-1050 BruxellesBelgium Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue University1205 West State StreetWest LafayetteIN 47907USA Facultad de Ingenierías Universidad Tecnológica de PereiraPereira RIS 660003Colombia

Simultaneous Kerr comb formation and second-harmonic generation with on-chip microresonators can greatly facilitate comb self-referencing for optical clocks and frequency ***,the presence of both second-and third-order nonlinearities results in complex cavity dynamics that is of high scientific interest but is still far from being ***,we demonstrate that the interaction between the fundamental and the second-harmonic waves can provide an entirely new way of phase matching for four-wave mixing in optical microresonators,enabling the generation of optical frequency combs in the normal dispersion regime under conditions where comb creation is ordinarily *** derive new coupled time-domain mean-field equations and obtain simulation results showing good qualitative agreement with our experimental *** findings provide a novel way of overcoming the dispersion limit for simultaneous Kerr comb formation and second-harmonic generation,which might prove to be especially important in the near-visible to visible range where several atomic transitions commonly used for the stabilization of optical clocks are located and where the large normal material dispersion is likely to dominate.

关键词： four-wave mixing Kerr frequency comb microresonator second-harmonic generation

Effects on physiologic measures of appetite from intragastric balloon and endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty: results of a prospective study

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Chinese Medical Journal 2022年第10期135卷 1234-1241页

作者： Babusai Rapaka daniel B.Maselli Gontrand Lopez-Nava Inmaculada Bautista-Castano Reem Matar Veeravich Jaruvongvanich Eric J.Vargas andrew C.Storm Andres Acosta Barham K.Abu Dayyeh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905USA Madrid Sanchinarro University Hospital MadridSpain

Background: Endoscopic bariatric therapies can help address widening management gaps in obesity. Their ability to facilitate weight loss is largely tied to influences on appetite through perturbations of gastric emptying and accommodation. As these tools gain traction in obesity therapy, their physiologic underpinnings require exploration, which may enhance efficacy, tolerance, and patient-tailored ***: We prospectively assessed consecutive subjects with fluid-filled intragastric balloons (IGBs) (n = 18) placed between October 2016 and June 2017 or underwent endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG) (n = 23) from March 2018 to June 2018. Patients underwent physiologic appraisal at 3 months with13C-spirulina-based gastric emptying breath test to determine time to half emptying (T50), as well as maximum tolerated volume (MTV) of a standard nutrient drink test. Changes in T50 and MTV at 3 months were compared with percent total body weight loss (%TBWL) at 3 and 6 months using best-fit linear ***: The change in T50 at 3 months correlated with %TBWL at 3 months for IGB (P = 0.01) and ESG (P = 0.01) but with greater impact on %TBWL in IGB compared to ESG (R2 = 0.42vs. 0.26). Change in T50 at 3 months was predictive of weight loss at 6 months for IGB (P = 0.01) but not ESG (P = 0.11). ESG was associated with greater decrease in MTV compared to IGB (340.25 ± 297.97 mLvs. 183.00 ± 217.13 mL,P = 0.08), indicting an enhanced effect on satiation through decreased gastric accommodation. Changes in MTV at 3 months did not correlate with %TBWL for either IGB (P = 0.26) or ESG (P = 0.49) but trended toward significance for predicting %TBWL at 6 months for ESG (P = 0.06) but not IGB (P = 0.19).Conclusion: IGB and ESG both induce weight loss but likely through distinct gastric motor function phenotypes, and gastric emptying may predict future weight loss in patients with IGB.

关键词： Intragastric balloon Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty Gastric emptying Gastric accommodation Obesity

Science to support conservation action in a large river system:The Willamette River,Oregon,USA

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Water Biology and Security 2023年第4期2卷 20-35页

作者： Rebecca Flitcroft Luke Whitman James White Rose Wallick Laurel Stratton Garvin Cassandra Smith Robert Plotnikoff Michael Mulvey Tobias Kock Krista Jones Peter Gruendike Carolyn Gombert Guillermo Giannico andrew Dutterer daniel Brown Hannah Barrett Brian Bangs Robert M.Hughes U.S.D.A.Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station3200 SW Jefferson WayCorvallisOR97331USA Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife 28655 OR-34CorvallisOR9733USA U.S.Geological Survey Oregon Water Science Center601 SW 2nd AveSuite 1950PortlandOR97204USA Snohomish County Department of Conservation and Natural Resources 3000 Rockefeller AvenueEverettWA98201USA Oregon Department of Environmental Quality Laboratory and Environmental Assessment Division 7202 NE Evergreen ParkwaySuite 150HillsboroOR97124USA U.S.Geological Survey Western Fisheries Research Center5501A Cook-Underwood RoadCookWashington WA 98605USA River Design Group 311 SW Jefferson AvenueCorvallisOR97333USA Bureau of Reclamation Sedimentation and River Hydraulics GroupDenver Federal CenterDenverCO80225USA Oregon State University Department of FisheriesWildlifeand Conservation SciencesNash 104CorvallisOR97331USA Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board 775 Summer Street NESalemOR97301USA U.S.Fish and Wildlife Service 911 NE 11th AvenuePortlandOR97204USA Amnisopes Institute 2895 SE GlennCorvallisOR97333USA

Management and conservation efforts that support the recovery and protection of large rivers are daunting,reflecting the complexity of the challenge and extent of effort(in terms of policy,economic investment,and spatial extent)needed to afford measurable *** large systems have generally experienced intensive development and regulation,compromising their capacity to respond to disturbances such as climate change ***,large river and basin management require insights gained from social,ecological,geophysical,and hydrological *** multidisciplinary perspective can unveil the integrated relationship between a river network's biotic community and seasonally variableenvironmental conditions that are *** rivers andtheir basins are constantly changing due to anthropogenic influences and as climate modifies patterns of temperature and *** of these factors,the state of knowledge must advance to address changing *** Willamette River,in western Oregon,USA,is a prime example of a basin that has experienced significant degradation and investment in rehabilitation in recent *** science has facilitated development of fine-scale,spatially extensive datasets and models that can generate targeted conservation and rehabilitation actions that are prioritized across the entire river *** prioritization allows investment decisions to be driven by site-specific conditions while simultaneously considering potentials for ecological ***,we review hydrologic,geomorphic,ecologic,and social conditions in the Willamette River basin through time—including pre-settlement,river development,andcontemporary periods—andoffer a futurevisionfor ***,detailed informationaboutfish populations and habitat,hydrologic conditions,geomorphology,water quality,and land use can be leveraged to make informed decisions about protection,rehabilitation,and develop

关键词： Rehabilitation Flood mitigation Hydropower Fish Multidisciplinary

Spinster homolog 2(Spns2) deficiency causes early onset progressive hearing loss

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Spinster homolog 2(Spns2) deficiency causes early onset prog...

采用分析方法、毒理学和风险评估研究评估多环芳烃：以石油泄漏后海产品安全为案例

遗传学与表观遗传学前沿暨第三届中国青年遗传学家论坛

作者：陈静 Neil Ingham John Kelly Johanna Pass Jacqueline K White andrew Forge daniel Jagger Karen P Steel Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases King's College London Centre for Auditory Research UCL Ear Institute

Sphingosine-1-phosphate(S1P)is a biologically active *** homolog 2(Spns2)acts as an S1P transporter in zebrafish and mice regulating heart development and lymphocyte trafficking *** mechanism of action of Spns2 is still elusive in mammals especially considering the multiple roles of S1P ***,we demonstrate that Spns2-deficient mice rapidly lost auditory sensitivity and endocochlear potential(EP)from 2 to 3weeks ***2 is expressed in both the organ of Corti and lateral wall of the *** found progressive degeneration of sensory hair cells in the organ of Corti,but the earliest defect was a decline in the EP suggesting that dysfunction of the lateral wall was the primary *** the lateral wall of adult mutants,we observed structural changes of marginal cell boundaries and of strial capillaries,and reduced expression of several key proteins involved in the generation of EP(Kcnj10,Kcnq1,Gjb2 and Gjb6),but these changes were likely to be *** of the boundaries of the striavascularis and of the strial capillaries appeared *** inactivation of Spns2 in red blood cells,platelets,or lymphatic or vascular endothelial cells did not affect hearing,but targeted ablation of Spns2 in the cochlea using a Sox10-Cre allele produced a similar auditory phenotype to the original *** study suggests that local Spns2 expression is critical for hearing in *** findings indicate that Spns2 and S1P signalling are required for normal maintenance of the EP and hence for normal auditory function.

关键词： Spns2 hearing loss mouse models endocochlear potential

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环境与职业医学 2014年第6期31卷 494-497页

作者： Jeffrey Wickliffe Edward Overton scott Frickel Jessi Howard Mark Wilson Bridget Simon Stephen Echsner daniel Nguyen David Gauthe Diane Blake Charles Miller Cornelis Elferink Shakeel Ansari Harshica Ferno Edward Trapido andrew Kane 张晶汪源金泰廙 Department of Global Environmental Health Sciences Tulane University Department of Environmental Sciences Louisiana State University Department of Sociology Washington State University Mary Queen of Vietnam Community Development Corporation Inc.New Orleans LouisianaUSA Bayou Interfaith Shared Community Organizing Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Texas Medical Branch Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Texas Medical Branch Department of Epidemiology Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Department of Environmental and Global Health University of Florida

[背景]多环芳香烃(PAHs)是一种大量蔓延的环境化学物质。它们可通过自然和人为过程产生,通常存在于有机介质(包括石油)中。有几种PAHs是有毒的,其中一些还表现出致癌活性。PAHs以含有两个及以上苯环的一系列化学结构为特征,根据它们的来... 详细信息

[背景]多环芳香烃(PAHs)是一种大量蔓延的环境化学物质。它们可通过自然和人为过程产生,通常存在于有机介质(包括石油)中。有几种PAHs是有毒的,其中一些还表现出致癌活性。PAHs以含有两个及以上苯环的一系列化学结构为特征,根据它们的来源,可以通过氧化、氮化和烷基化表现出多种侧链修饰。[目的]讨论当代分析方法日益增加的能力,其不仅可以分辨PAHs中不同的化学结构,而且可以识别它们在环境介质中的浓度。本文以深水地平线事故后海产品污染为例,确定由于个别PAHs的分析灵敏度增加而在PAHs风险评估过程中出现的一些问题,并描述其中许多化合物的毒理学文献缺乏的现状。[讨论]PAHs,包括种类繁多的经化学修饰或取代的PAHs,是自然产生的,如果人群暴露于有害水平就可能会遭受健康风险。然而,目前的毒性评估并没有跟上现代分析方法及其对于被替代的PAHs不断增加的检测能力。因此,尽管我们可以在海产品和其他媒介中检测这些化合物,但并没有足够的关于这些化合物的潜在毒性信息,无法将它们用于人类健康风险评估和特征描述。[结论]今后的研究工作应该尝试从战略上填补这一毒理学知识欠缺,从而更好地进行环境介质或食物中关于PAHs的人体健康风险评估。这对于石油泄漏之后的影响尤为重要。

关键词：健康风险评估毒理学产品安全石油多环芳烃泄漏 PAHs 案例

Are Tuberculosis Patients Managed According to the National Guidelines in Lagos State Nigeria?

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2016年第1期7卷 16-24页

作者： Olusola Adedeji Adejumo Olusoji James daniel Mustapha Gidado andrew Folarin Otesanya Esther Ngozi Adejumo Ebunoluwa O. Jaiyesimi Oluwatoyin Esther Idowu Olumuyiwa O. Odusanya Department of Community Health and Primary Health Care Lagos State University Teaching Hospital Ikeja Lagos Nigeria Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital Sagamu Nigeria KNCV Tuberculosis Foundation/TB CARE I Project Abuja Nigeria Medical Services Department Central Bank of Nigeria Lagos Nigeria Department of Medical Laboratory Science Babcock University Ilisan-Remo Nigeria Department of Community Health and Primary Health Care College of Medicine Lagos Lagos State University Lagos Nigeria

Setting: Private and public tuberculosis (TB) treatment centers in Lagos State, Nigeria. Objective: To compare adherence of private and public providers of directly observed treatment short course (DOTS) in the Lagos State TB control program, Nigeria (LSTBLCP) with the national TB guidelines. Design: A retrospective review of treatment cards of TB patients managed within the first and second quarter of 2012 in 34 DOTS facilities {23 public, 7 private for profit (PFP), and 4 private not for profit (PNFP)} involved in the private public mix of the LSTBLCP. Results: Of the 1896 treatment cards reviewed, 1524 (80.4%), 132 (7.0%) and 240 (12.6%) were from public, PFP and PNFP DOTS facilities, respectively. About 19%, 25% and none of the patients managed at the public, PNFP, and PFP DOTS facilities were treated in full adherence with the national guidelines respectively. A significantly higher proportion of adults and sputum smear positive TB patients were treated in full adherence with the national guidelines (p < 0.05). Treatment success was associated with full adherence with the national guidelines. Conclusion: There is a need to reorient health care providers in public and private health facilities in Lagos State Nigeria to ensure full adherence with the national TB guidelines.

关键词： Adherence National Guidelines Health Workers DOTS Facilities

Studies on the Genesis of Soils in Jong River Basin in the Northern Province of Sierra Leone

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Open Journal of Geology 2022年第3期12卷 273-293页

作者： Denis Magnus Ken Amara Patrick andrew Sawyerr daniel Hindogbe Saidu Osman Sidie Vonu Raymond Morie Musa Joseph Christian Adamu Mboma Philip Jimia Kamanda Mohamed Azim Sannoh Department of Soil Science School of Agriculture & Food Sciences Njala University Njala Campus Njala Sierra Leone Department of Soil Science Eastern Technical University of Sierra Leone Private Mail Bag Kenema Sierra Leone Department of Agriculture Food Security & Livelihood Sustainable Cassava Commercialization through Entrepreneurs Strengthening & Support (SUCCESS) Project BRAC Bo Sierra Leone Department of Agricultural Education Eastern Technical University of Sierra Leone Private Mail Bag Kenema Sierra Leone Department of Social Studies Eastern Technical University of Sierra Leone Private Mail Bag Kenema Sierra Leone Department of Extension & Rural Sociology School of Agriculture & Food Sciences Njala University Njala Campus Njala Sierra Leone

The soil resources of Sierra Leone remain an integral part of sustainable agricultural development but knowledge of the suitability of soils and their management requirements for a variety of land uses is still lacking to a greater extent. In this view, a detailed soil survey of three chiefdoms in Northern Sierra Leone was undertaken to evaluate the genesis of soils and interpret soil-landscape properties and their relationships using the toposequence and free style approach of soil survey. Three major soil types, viz, gravelly, gravel-free over gravel and gravel-free soils, formed either directly or indirectly from weathered and disintegrated parent materials of two geologic origins namely Rokel River Series (comprising of sandstone, shale and mudstone), and Granite and Acid Gneiss were identified. The gravelly soils are formed from sandstone and sandy shales of the Rokel River Series, which upon weathering released iron and hydrated oxides that hardened into plinthite upon drying. The gravel-free over gravel soils are formed from acid gneiss containing acid and intermediate igneous and metamorphic rocks, which upon weathering produced sandy clay textured soils whereas the gravel-free soils are derived from sedimentary rocks (shales and mudstones) of Rokel River Series, which upon weathering and action of organisms produced sandy clay loam and sandy clay textured soils. The gravel-free over gravel soils are mostly located in the summit and back slopes and show dark brown to dark yellowish-brown hue and moderate chroma, weak to moderate structure and absence of coarse fragments in the 0 - 40 cm layer, and a strong brown hue and high chroma, very weak fine angular blocky structure having abundance of coarse fragments from 40 cm and above. In these soils, the compactness of ironstone and sandstone gravels increases with depth. The gravel-free soils are found on three landscape positions, viz, back slopes, foot slopes and toe slopes. On the back and foot slopes, the so

关键词： Physiography Genesis Soil Land Suitability Climate Oxisols Landform Land Use Sierra Leone