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Prevalence of Charles Bonnet syndrome in low vision:a systematic review and meta-analysis

Annals of Eye Science 2022年第2期7卷 80-92页

作者： Yousif Subhi Mads Assenholt Nielsen daniel andrew richard scott Lars Morten Holm Amardeep Singh Department of Ophthalmology RigshospitaletGlostrupDenmark Department of Clinical Research University of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of CopenhagenKøbenhavnDenmark Department of Ophthalmology Waikato District Health BoardHamiltonNew Zealand

Background:Charles Bonnet syndrome(CBS)is characterized by vivid lifelike visual hallucinations and is typically seen in individuals with visual *** this systematic review,we summarize current knowledge on the prevalence of CBS in patients with low ***:We searched 11 literature databases on 21 April 2021 for studies on the prevalence of CBS in low vision *** protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database(***42021255021).Eligible studies were defined as those on a population of low vision patients wherein the prevalence of CBS was evaluated(without any further restriction on the method for diagnosis of CBS).No restriction was enforced on study design,but we expected observational cross-sectional studies due to the nature of our research *** authors independently extracted data and evaluated risk of bias of individual studies using the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality checklist for cross-sectional *** underwent qualitative review in the text and quantitatively in a prevalence meta-analysis using the random-effects *** analysis was made to evaluate the robustness of the summary ***:We identified 11 studies,which summarized data on 4,521 individuals with visual *** of CBS was based on screening questions or interviews,which in positive cases often was explored in more detail with follow-up questions or *** studies either had normal mental state as a participant eligibility criterion or as a part of the diagnosis of *** pooled prevalence of CBS in low vision patients aged≥40 years was 19.7%(95%CI:13.8%to 26.4%).The sensitivity analysis showed certain robustness in the summary prevalence estimate wherein prevalence estimates ranged from 16.9%to 22.5%.Conclusions:CBS is a prevalent condition in patients with low vision at a rate of approximately one in five *** that an estimated 239 million individuals have moderate visual im

关键词： Charles Bonnet syndrome(CBS) visual hallucinations low vision

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Three-dimensional analysis of age and sex differences in femoral head asphericity in asymptomatic hips in the United States

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第8期15卷 754-763页

作者： Mahad M Hassan Aliya G Feroe Brenton W Douglass andrew E Jimenez Benjamin Kuhns Charles F Mitchell Robert L Parisien daniel A Maranho Eduardo N Novais Young-Jo Kim Ata M Kiapour Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55454United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery TRIA Orthopaedic CenterBloomingtonMN 55122United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery Boston Children’s HospitalBostonMA 02115United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55901United States Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Yale School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06510United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery American Hip Institute Research FoundationDes PlainesIL 60018United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery Mount SinaiNew YorkNY 10029United States Department of Biomechanics Medicineand Rehabilitation of the Locomotor SystemRibeirao Preto Medical SchoolUniversity of São PauloRibeirao Preto 14048-900São PauloBrazil

BACKGROUND The sphericity of the femoral head is a metric used to evaluate hip pathologies and is associated with the development of osteoarthritis and femoral-acetabular *** To analyze the three-dimensional asphericity of the femoral head of asymptomatic pediatric *** hypothesized that femoral head asphericity will vary significantly between male and female pediatric hips and increase with age in both *** Computed tomography scans were obtained on 158 children and adolescents from a single institution in the United States(8-18 years;50%male)without hip *** femoral measurements including the femoral head diameter,femoral head volume,residual volume,asphericity index,and local diameter difference were used to evaluate femoral head *** In both sexes,the residual volume increased by age(P13 years)in females,there were no sex-differences in residual volume and aspherity *** were no age-related changes in mean diameter difference in both sexes(P=0.07)with no significant sex-differences across different age groups(P=0.06).In contrast,there were significant increases in local aspherity(maximum diameter difference)across whole surface of the femoral head and all quadrants except the inferior regions in males(P=0.03).There were no sex-differences in maximum diameter difference at any regions and age group(P>0.05).Increased alpha angle was only correlated to increased mean diameter difference across overall surface of the femoral head(P=0.024).CONCLUSION There is a substantial localized asphericity in asymptomatic hips which increases with age *** 2D measured alpha angle can capture overall asphericity of the femoral head,it may not be sensitive enough to represent regional asphericity patterns.

关键词： Hip Femoral head Sphericity Skeletal growth Sex differences

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BioTRIZ Suggests Radiative Cooling of Buildings Can Be Done Passively by Changing the Structure of Roof Insulation to Let Longwave Infrared Pass

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2008年第1期5卷 55-66页

作者： Salmaan Craig David Harrison andrew Cripps daniel Knott School of Engineering and Design Brunel UniversityLondon UB8 3PHUKBuro Happold LtdLondon W1T 1PDUK School of Engineering and Design Brunel UniversityLondon UB8 3PHUK Buro Happold Ltd London W1T 1PDUK

This paper demonstrates the application of a design tool called BioTRIZ. Its developers claim that it can be used to access biological strategies for solving engineering problems. Our aim is to design a roof for hot climates that gets free cooling through radiant coupling with the sky. The insulation in a standard roof stops the sun and convection from warming the thermal mass. But it also restricts the mass＇s longwave view of the cool sky. Different solutions to this conflict are offered by BioTRIZ. The chosen solution is to replace the standard insulation component with an open cell honeycomb. The vertical cells would allow longwave radiation to pass, while arresting convection. The solutions offered by BioTRIZ＇s technological counterpart include no such changes in structure. It is estimated that the thermal mass in the biomimetic roof would remain on average 4.5℃ cooler than in a standard roof over a year in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

关键词： biomimetics TRIZ BioTRIZ radiative cooling building design passive design

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The effect of fasting and body reserves on cola tolerance in 2 pit-building insect predators

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Current Zoology 2017年第3期63卷 287-294页

作者： Inon SCHARF Alma daniel Heath andrew MACMILLAN Noa KATZ Department of Zoology Faculty of Life Sciences Tel Aviv University POB 39040 69978 Tel Aviv Israel Department of Biology York University 4700 Keele St. Toronto Ontario Canada

Pit-building antlions and wormlions are 2 distantly-related insect species, whose larvae construct pits in loose soil to trap small arthropod prey. This convergent evolution of natural histories has led to additional similarities in their natural history and ecology, and thus, these 2 species encounter similar abiotic stress （such as periodic starvation） in their natural habitat. Here, we measured the cold tolerance of the 2 species and examined whether recent feeding or food deprivation, as well as body composition （body mass and lipid content） and condition （quantified as mass-to-size residuals） affect their cold tolerance. In contrast to other insects, in which food deprivation either enhanced or impaired cold tolerance, prolonged fasting had no effect on the cold tolerance of either species, which had similar cold tolerance. The 2 species differed, however, in how cold tolerance related to body mass and lipid content： although body mass was positively correlated with the wormlion cold tolerance, lipid content was a more reliable predictor of cold tolerance in the antlions. Cold tolerance also underwent greater change with ontogeny in wormlions than in antlions. We discuss possible reasons for this lack of effect of food deprivation on both species＇ cold tolerance, such as their high starvation tolerance （being sit-and-wait predators）.

关键词： chill coma deprivation ecophysiology fat content food hunger morphometrics Myrmeleontidae Vermileonidae.

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Oral transforming growth factor-beta receptor 1 inhibitor vactosertib promotes osteosarcoma regression by targeting tumor proliferation and enhancing anti-tumor immunity

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Cancer Communications 2024年第8期44卷 884-888页

作者： Sung Hee Choi Jay Thomas Myers Suzanne Louise Tomchuck Melissa Bonner Saada Eid daniel Tyler Kingsley Kristen Ashley Van Heyst Seong-Jin Kim Byung-Gyu Kim Alex Yee-Chen Huang Department of Pediatrics CaseWestern Reserve University School of MedicineClevelandOhioUSA Case Comprehensive Cancer Center CaseWestern Reserve University School of MedicineClevelandOhioUSA Department of Pathology CaseWestern Reserve University School of MedicineClevelandOhioUSA MedPacto Inc. SeoulRepublic of Korea Center for Pediatric Immunotherapy Angie Fowler AYA Cancer InstituteUH Rainbow Babies and Children’s HospitalClevelandOhioUSA

Osteosarcoma is an aggressive malignant bone sarcoma common among children,adolescents,and young *** 20%of patients present with pulmonary metastasis,and an additional 40%develop pulmonary osteosarcoma *** survival ou... 详细信息

关键词： osteosarcoma immunity patients

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Validation of a discrete element model using magnetic resonance measurements

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Particuology 2009年第4期7卷 297-306页

作者： Christoph R.Müller Stuart A.scott daniel J.Holland Belinda C.Clarke andrew J.Sederman John S.Dennis Lynn F.Gladden Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of CambridgePembroke StreetCambridge CB2 3RAUnited Kingdom

The discrete element model （DEM） is a very promising modelling strategy for two-phase granular systems. However, owing to a lack of experimental measurements, validation of numerical simulations of two-phase granular systems is still an important issue. In this study, a small two-dimensional gas- fluidized bed was simulated using a discrete element model. The dimensions of the simulated bed were 44mm × 10mm × 120 mm and the fluidized particles had a diameter dp = 1.2 mm and density ρp = 1000 kg/m^3. The comparison between DEM simulations and experiments are performed on the basis of time-averaged voidage maps. The drag-law of Beetstra et al. [Beetstra, R., van der Hoef, M.A., ＆ Kuipers,J. A. M. （2007b）. Drag force of intermediate Reynolds number flow past mono- and bidispersed arrays of spheres. AIChE Journal, 53,489-501 ] seems to give the best results. The simulations are fairly insensitive to the coefficient of restitution and the coefficient of friction as long as some route of energy dissipation during particle-particle and particle-wall contact is provided. Changing the boundary condition of the gas phase at the side-walls from zero-slip to full-slip does not affect the simulation results. Care is to be taken that the cell sizes are chosen so that a reasonable number of particles can be found in a fluid cell.

关键词： Discrete element modelling Magnetic resonance imaging Voidage Gas-fluidized beds

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Crohn’s and colitis in children and adolescents

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第41期18卷 5862-5869页

作者： andrew S Day Oren Ledder Steven T Leach daniel A Lemberg Department of Gastroenterology Sydney Children's HospitalRandwickSydneyNSW 2031Australia School of Women's and Children's Health University of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2031Australia Department of Paediatrics University of Otago ChristchurchChristchurch 8140New Zealand

Crohn＇s disease and ulcerative colitis can be grouped as the inflammatory bowel diseases （IBD）. These conditions have become increasingly common in recent years, including in children and young people. Although much is known about aspects of the pathogenesis of these diseases, the precise aetiology is not yet understood, and there remains no cure. Recent data has illustrated the importance of a number of genes-several of these are important in the onset of IBD in early life, including in infancy. Pain, diarrhoea and weight loss are typical symptoms of paediatric Crohn＇s disease whereas bloody diarrhoea is more typical of colitis in children. However, atypical symptoms may occur in both conditions： these include isolated impairment of linear growth or presentation with extra-intestinal manifestations such as erythma nodosum. Growth and nutrition are commonly compromised at diagnosis in both Crohn＇s disease and colitis. Consideration of possible IBD and completion of appropriate investigations are essential to ensure prompt diagnosis, the- reby avoiding the consequences of diagnostic delay. Patterns of disease including location and progression of IBD in childhood differ substantially from adult- onset disease. Various treatment options are available for children and adolescents with IBD. Exclusive enteral nutrition plays a central role in the induction of remission of active Crohn＇s disease. Medical and surgical therapies need to considered within the context of a growing and developing child. The overall management of these chronic conditions in children should include multi-disciplinary expertise, with focus upon maintaining control of gut inflammation, optimising nutrition, growth and quality of life, whilst preventing disease or treatment-related complications.

关键词： Children Adolescents Crohn's disease Ulcerative colitis Inflammatory bowel diseases

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Validation of Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Reference Genes for Quantitative Real-time RT-PCR Normalization

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Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 2007年第5期39卷 384-390页

作者： andrew DODD daniel LA Warren C. MCNABB Donald R. LOVE School of Biological Sciences University of Auckland Private Bag 92019 Auckland 1142 New Zealand Food and Health Group AgResearch Grasslands Private Bag 11008 Tennant Drive Palmerston North New Zealand

The normalization of quantitative real time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) is important to obtain accurate gene expression data. The most common method for qRT-PCR normalization is to use reference, or house- keeping genes. However, there is emerging evidence that even reference genes can be regulated under different conditions, qRT-PCR has only recently been used in terms of zebrafish gene expression studies and there is no validated set of reference genes. This study characterizes the expression of nine possible reference genes during zebrafish embryonic development and in a zebrafish tissue panel. All nine reference genes exhibited variable expression. The β-actin, EF1α and Rp113α genes comprise a validated reference gene panel for zebrafish developmental time course studies, and the EF1α, Rp113α and 18S rRNA genes are more suitable as a reference gene panel for zebrafish tissue analysis. Importantly, the zebrafish GAPDH gene appears unsuitable as reference gene for both types of studies.

关键词： zebrafish quantitative real-time RT-PCR housekeeping genes GAPDH gene GeNorm

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Impact of Guanxi Practices on Organizational and Innovative Performance

Impact of Guanxi Practices on Organizational and Innovative ...

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作者： andrew daniel Borgwardt 上海交通大学

学位级别：硕士

This research seeks to show through data whether guanxi practices in human resource management（e.g.,the tendency of organizations to make human resource management decisions on the basis of personal relationships or ‘guanxi）have an impact on organizational and innovative *** there is abundant previous research on the effects of guanxi on organizational performance,no such studies exist,to the researcher’s knowledge,which comprehensively display through data whether guanxi style management practices of employees at the organizational level provide a firm with a strategic advantage or whether such practices hinder *** the first section of the text,the author describes the current literature on guanxi and defines guanxi *** guanxi has been thoroughly researched in the past,there is still no consensus definition of the *** the purpose of this research,guanxi practices were defined as a particularistic practice of a general pattern within an organization or business unit of making human resource decisions based on managers guanxi,or particularistic *** literature has shown that human resource practices and strategic human resource management have a profound effect on organizational performance and innovative *** China,human resource management has evolved over the past thirty years as China has undergone reform with gradually more and more exposure to the ***’s particularistic guanxi practices and more increased attention paid to human resource management as a strategic lever led to the formulation of the research question of whether or not guanxi practices had an impact on organizational or innovative *** was collected from a sample of chief executive officers（CEOs）and chief operations officers（COOs）of 205 companies located in various regions throughout China through snowball sampling,where subjects recruit other suitable subjects through drawing on their network of acquaintances.E

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Development of a Three-Layer Steady State Vertical Dissolved Oxygen Model in Grand Lake, Oklahoma

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Natural Resources 2018年第12期9卷 448-467页

作者： Josephus F. Borsuah scott Stoodley daniel Storm andrew Dzialowski andrew Stoddard Oklahoma State University Stillwater Oklahoma USA Dynamic Solutions LLC Knoxville Tennessee USA

Grand Lake O’The Cherokees, the third largest reservoir located in northeastern Oklahoma, provides recreational services, water supply, hydroelectric power, and flood control to residents of Oklahoma and neighboring states. Grand Lake has experienced major problems?with eutrophication, harmful algal blooms, and dissolved oxygen (DO) depletion during summer. To better understand the dynamics of DO depletion in the hypolimnion of Grand Lake, a three-layer steady state vertical DO model for summer-stratified conditions was used to investigate dissolved oxygen profiles both above and below the thermocline. The DO model was used to determine the relative effects of atmospheric reaeration and phytoplankton production as a source of DO and phytoplankton respiration, decomposition of organic matter, and nitrification as loss terms for DO. Additionally, the importance of sediment oxygen demand (SOD) for hypolimnetic oxygen depletion was investigated at the sediment water-interface under stratified conditions. Observed water quality data, kinetic coefficients from the literature, and physical, biological, and chemical data collected throughout 2013 and 2015 along the spatial gradient of riverine, transition, lacustrine zones and a site close to the Grand Lake Pensacola Dam were used?in the pre-processing calculations to derive estimates of kinetic rates as input parameters to the model. The estimated predictions from the model showed reasonable agreement with the observed vertical profiles of DO. Conclusions from this study indicate that phytoplankton production, high light limitation, and phosphorus were the major terms that controlled DO production in the surface layer, while nitrification and organic carbon decomposition were the major sinks of DO consumption in the bottom layer. Interestingly, SOD did not play a significant role in DO depletion in the water column.

关键词： Eutrophication DO Depletion Primary Production Model Nutrients Reservoir Hypolimnion Central Plains

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