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新加坡殖民地自由港政策的形成(1819—1867)

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历史教学问题 2021年第4期 95-104,163-164页

作者：胡德坤王丹桂武汉大学历史学院 430072

新加坡殖民地自由港政策自1819年莱佛士提出后,直到1867年才得以最终形成。其间经历了颇多周折。出于短期利益考虑,英国东印度公司、海峡殖民地政府、印度总督府等机构多次试图挑战新加坡的自由港政策。从新加坡转口贸易当中获益巨大的... 详细信息

新加坡殖民地自由港政策自1819年莱佛士提出后,直到1867年才得以最终形成。其间经历了颇多周折。出于短期利益考虑,英国东印度公司、海峡殖民地政府、印度总督府等机构多次试图挑战新加坡的自由港政策。从新加坡转口贸易当中获益巨大的英国东印度公司、新加坡商人先后成为捍卫自由港政策的主要力量,并努力争取得到英国殖民当局的认可。一次次的征税博弈,直接引发了新加坡商人争取新加坡"改辖"运动,并最终推动英国殖民当局于1867年决定,将以新加坡为首府的海峡殖民地由印度总督府管辖,正式"改辖"为英国殖民部直属。自此,新加坡作为英国直辖的殖民地,其自由港政策得以长期确立。从本质上看,新加坡殖民地自由港,是英国殖民体系下以自由贸易为外衣进行殖民扩张的政策体现,反映了工业革命后英国贸易政策由重商主义走向了自由主义,给英国带来了巨大的利益。自由港政策虽是英国殖民政策的产物,但它在连接和推动东西方贸易方面起了关键作用,至今仍具有重要的意义。

关键词：新加坡自由港海峡殖民地

一种求解线性方程组的Gauss-Seidel变体方法

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嘉兴学院学报 2016年第6期28卷 23-28页

作者：徐丽华沈丹桂王薇王文博嘉兴学院数理与信息工程学院浙江嘉兴314001

随着并行计算的快速发展,设计求解线性方程组的并行算法已是科学计算中的一个热点问题.Jacobi方法和Gauss-Seidel方法是求解线性方程组的常用迭代法,前者的并行度大,后者的收敛速度快.本文综合这两种方法的优势,构造了Gauss-Seidel变体... 详细信息

随着并行计算的快速发展,设计求解线性方程组的并行算法已是科学计算中的一个热点问题.Jacobi方法和Gauss-Seidel方法是求解线性方程组的常用迭代法,前者的并行度大,后者的收敛速度快.本文综合这两种方法的优势,构造了Gauss-Seidel变体方法,并对其收敛性进行了分析.此外,在Matlab环境下,我们对Gauss-Seidel变体方法实现了并行,通过数值实验验证了该并行算法的有效性.

关键词：线性方程组 Jacobi方法 Gauss-Seidel方法 Gauss-Seidel变体方法并行算法

不同工况下活性炭吸附放射性惰性气体性能的初步研究

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辐射防护 2017年第4期37卷 298-302页

作者：刘羽牛俐珺李永国唐邵华霍明史英霞丘丹圭王志民乔太飞吴波深圳中广核工程设计有限公司广东深圳518000 中国辐射防护研究院太原030006

活性炭吸附滞留工艺是核电站处理放射性惰性气体的技术发展方向之一。本文介绍了活性炭吸附放射性惰性气体Kr和Xe的原理及其主要物理参数。通过不同运行条件下对活性炭的吸附性能进行测试,结果表明活性炭的吸附性能受到气流温度、压力... 详细信息

活性炭吸附滞留工艺是核电站处理放射性惰性气体的技术发展方向之一。本文介绍了活性炭吸附放射性惰性气体Kr和Xe的原理及其主要物理参数。通过不同运行条件下对活性炭的吸附性能进行测试,结果表明活性炭的吸附性能受到气流温度、压力、流速和湿度等多方面因素影响。过高气体温度、湿度和过低的流速导致活性炭吸附性能下降,适当提升系统运行压力有利于提高活性炭的吸附能力。研究结果可指导核电站项目中废气处理系统的设计,通过合理控制滞留系统的运行条件可以保障活性炭的吸附性能和使用寿命。

关键词：核电站放射性惰性气体活性炭吸附性能

Is new American Thyroid Association risk classification for hereditary medullary thyroid carcinoma applicable to Chinese patients? A single-center study

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2017年第3期29卷 223-230页

作者： Xiwei Zhang dangui Yan Junyi wang Hanfeng Wan Yongxia Zhang Yabing Zhang Yuqin He Wensheng Liu Bin Zhang Department of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin Department of Thyroid and Neck Tumor Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Renji Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing) Department of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute

Objective: The American Thyroid Association (ATA) proposed a new risk classification for hereditary medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) in 2015. This study aimed to assess whether the new guidelines are suitable for the Chinese population, and reported our experience on prophylactic thyroidectomy. Methods: A total of 73 patients from 22 families were screened as rearranged during transfection (RET) mutation carriers from 2010 to 2016 in Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science; the medical history for each patient was collected. Based on the initial treatment, we identified the risk factors for poor prognosis by univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Then, 4 RET mutation carriers were enrolled for prophylactic thyroidectomy, and their pathological data and follow-up outcomes were recorded. Results: In univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, age at initial surgery and risk classification were significant risk factors for stage III/IV hereditary MTC at initial diagnosis. The likelihood was increased by 11.6% per year of age at initial surgery [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.040-1.198; P=0.002). It was 7.888 times more likely to have III/IV stage disease for ATA highest risk patients, compared to ATA moderate risk individuals (95% CI, 1.607-38.717; P=0.003). Postoperative pathological results showed all 4 multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN2A) patients had C-cell hyperplasia (CCH); multifocal malignancies were detected in 3 of them. All 4 patients were cured biochemically, and none developed permanent hypoparathyroidism. Conclusions: In Chinese individuals, hereditary MTC aggressiveness is in line with the new ATA risk classification. Germline RET gene mutation carriers should undergo prophylactic thyroidectomy according to basal serum calcitonin levels.

关键词： Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) rearranged during transfection (RET) genotype-phenotype correlation multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2) prophylactic thyroidectomy

Improved Na+/K+ Storage Properties of ReSe2–Carbon Nanofibers Based on Graphene Modifications

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Nano-Micro Letters 2019年第2期11卷 48-60页

作者： Yusha Liao Changmiao Chen dangui Yin Yong Cai Rensheng He Ming Zhang Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Structural Physics and DevicesSchool of Physics and ElectronicsHunan University

Rhenium diselenide(ReSe2) has caused considerable concerns in the field of energy storage because the compound and its composites still suffer from low specific capacity and inferior cyclic *** this study,ReSe2 nanoparticles encapsulated in carbon nanofibers were synthesized successfully with simple electrospinning and heat *** was found that graphene modifications could affect considerably the microstructure and electrochemical properties of ReSe2–carbon ***,the modified compound maintained a capacity of 227 mAhg-1 after 500cycles at 200 mAg-1 for Na+storage,230 mAh g-1 after 200 cycles at 200 mAg-1,212 mAh g-1 after 150 cycles at 500 mAg-1 for K+ storage,which corresponded to the capacity retention ratios of 89%,97%,and 86%,*** in Na+full cells,its capacity was maintained to 82% after 200 cycles at 1 C(117 mAg-1).The superior stability of ReSe2–carbon nanofibers benefitted from the extremely weak van der Waals interactions and large interlayer spacing of ReSe2,in association with the role of graphene-modified carbon nanofibers,in terms of the shortening of electron/ion transport paths and the improvement of structural *** study may provide a new route for a broadened range of applications of other rhenium-based compounds.

关键词： Rhenium diselenide Carbon nanofiber Graphene Sodium-/potassium-ion batteries Full cell

Effects of NS1 variants of H5N1 influenza virus on interferon induction, TNFa response and p53 activity

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2010年第3期7卷 235-242页

作者： Weizhong Li Gefei wang Heng Zhang Gang Xin dangui Zhang Jun Zeng Xiaoxuan Chen Yanxuan Xu Youhong Cui Kangsheng Li Department of Microbiology and Immunology Key Immunopathology Laboratory of Guangdong ProvinceShantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina

Non-structural protein 1(NS1)is an important virulence factor of the highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus.A five-amino-acid(5 aa)deletion at position 80–84 and an aspartic acid to glutamic acid substitution at position 92(D92E)are two major NS1 mutations that are highly correlated with enhanced *** investigate the effect of these mutations in H5N1 virulence,three H5N1-NS1 variants were constructed:NS51(lacking 5 aa at position 80–84),NS51(I)(carrying a 5-aa insertion at position 80–84)and NS51(IM)(carrying both the 5-aa insertion and the D92E mutation).We examined the effects of these mutations on interferon(IFN)induction,tumor-necrosis factor(TNF)a response,p53 activity and *** found that the D92E mutation eliminated NS1’s repressive effect on IFN induction,while the 5-aa deletion resulted in enhanced resistance to TNFa *** also observed that all three variants exhibited a similar suppressive effect on p53 transcriptional activity,although none of them significantly influenced apoptosis of host *** findings shed new light on the role of NS1 in the pathogenicity of H5N1 virus.

关键词： H5N1 influenza virus interferon NS1 variants p53 TNFa

Heat transfer analysis for a free boundary problem arising in n-diffusion equation

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Propulsion and Power Research 2016年第4期5卷 261-266页

作者： Ulrich Olivier dangui-Mbani Jize Sui Chunying Ming Liancun Zheng Goong Chen School of Mathematics and Physics University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Mechanical Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Department of Mathematics and Institute for Quantum Science and Engineermg Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Science Program Texas A&M University at QatarEducation CityDohaQatar

This paper presents research on a free boundary value problem arising in a nonlinear n-diffiision equation by using a homotopy analysis method(HAM).Approximate analytical solutions are obtained for special nonlinear diffusion functional coefficient(variable thermal conduction)k(s)=s{i}for i=1,3,5 and convection functional coefficient h(s)=s{j}for j=1,4 and power law parameter of n=0.2,0.5,1.0,*** and efficiency of the approximate solutions are verified by numerical ones showing good *** effects of the power law exponent,the nonlinear diffusion or convection functional coefficients,and the free boundary'parameter on the flux transport characteristics are presented graphically and analyzed in *** mathematical techniques employed in this paper have the significance in studying some other problems of engineering.

关键词： n-Diffusion equation Free boundary Homotopy analysis method Non-linear problem Approximate solution

Differential transcription-activating capability of NS1 proteins from different influenza virus subtypes expressed in yeast

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2009年第6期52卷 545-550页

作者： LI WeiZhong,wang GeFei,ZENG Jun,ZHANG dangui,ZHANG Heng,CHEN XiaoXuan,CHEN YouYing & Li KangSheng Department of Microbiology and Immunology,Shantou University Medical College,Shantou 515041,China Department of Microbiology and Immunology Shantou University Medical College Shantou China

Influenza A virus NS1 protein is an important regulatory factor with multiple functions and contributes greatly to viral *** the present study,transcription-activating potential of NS1 from different influenza A virus subtypes was examined in yeast two-hybrid *** bait vectors contain-ing different NS1 genes,along with an empty prey vector,were transformed into yeast AH109(for growth assay on QDO plate and α-galactosidase assay),and Y187(for β-galactosidase assay).AH109 transformants with NS1 gene from H1N1,H5N1,and H9N2 viruses grew vigorously on the QDO plate and secreted high level of α-***,Y187 bearing the above NS1 genes exhibited en-hanced β-galactosidase ***,H3N2-NS1-transformed AH109 and Y187 yeasts did not grow on QDO plate and secrete β-galactosidase,*** findings denote the remarkable variation in NS1 proteins from different influenza A virus subtypes on the transcription-stimulating capability in yeast.

关键词： Influenza virus NS1 protein yeast two-hybridation transcription-activation

Orthographic and Phonetic Features for Chinese Two-character Words

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Orthographic and Phonetic Features for Chinese Two-character...