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Five years of fecal microbiota transplantation-an update of the Israeli experience

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第47期24卷 5403-5414页

作者： Sharon A Greenberg Ilan Youngster Nathaniel A Cohen dan m livovsky Jacob Strahilevitz Eran Israeli Ehud melzer Kalman Paz Naomi Fliss-Isakov Nitsan maharshak Department of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Centeraffiliated with the Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv 6423906Israel Bacteriotherapy Clinic Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Centeraffiliated with the Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv 6423906Israel Assaf Harofe medical Center Zerifin 70300Israel Digestive Diseases Institute Shaare Zedek Medical CenterJerusalem 91031Israel Department of Clinical microbiology and Infectious Diseases Hadassah-Hebrew UniversityJerusalem 91120Israel Department of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Hadassah-Hebrew UniversityJerusalem 91120Israel Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Institute Kaplan Medical CenterRehovot 76100Israel

AIm To evaluate and describe the efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation(FmT) for Clostridium difficile infection(CDI) in a national Israeli *** All patients who received FmT for recurrent(recurrence within 8 wk of the previous treatment) or refractory CDI from 2013 through 2017 in all the five medical centers in Israel currently performing FmT were included. Stool donors were screened according to the Israeli ministry of Health guidelines. Clinical and laboratory data of patients were collected from patients' medical files, and they included indications for FmT, risk factors for CDI and disease severity. Primary outcome was FmT success(at least 2 mo free of CDI-related diarrhea post-FmT). Secondary outcomes included initial response to FmT(cessation of diarrhea within 7 d) and recurrence at 6 *** There were 111 FmTs for CDI, with a median age of 70 years [interquartile range(IQR): 53-82], and 42%(47) males. Fifty patients(45%) were treated via the lower gastrointestinal(LGI, represented only by colonoscopy) route, 37(33%) via capsules, and 24(22%) via the upper gastrointestinal(UGI) route. The overall success rate was 87.4%(97 patients), with no significant difference between routes of administration(P = 0.338). In the univariant analysis, FmT success correlated with milder disease(P = 0.01), ambulatory setting(P morbidity score(P multivariant analysis, only severe CDI [odd ratio(OR) = 0.14, P mT(OR = 0.19, P mT success. There were 35(32%) patients younger than 60 years of age, and 14(40%) of them had a background of inflammatory bowel *** FmT is a safe and effective treatment for CDI, with capsules emerging as a successful and well-tolerated route. Severe CDI is less likely to respond to FmT.

关键词： Clostridium difficile infection Capsules Israel Fecal microbiota transplantation

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Increased excitatory amino acid transporter 2 levels in basolateral amygdala astrocytes mediate chronic stress–induced anxiety-like behavior

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1721-1734页

作者： Xirong Xu Shoumin Xuan Shuai Chen dan Liu Qian Xiao Jie Tu Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neuroimmunomodulation for Neurological Diseases Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain ScienceShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and manipulation Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute(BCBDI)Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute(BCBDI)Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina University of Chinese of Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Faculty of Life and Health Sciences Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina

The conventional perception of astrocytes as mere supportive cells within the brain has recently been called into question by empirical evidence, which has revealed their active involvement in regulating brain function and encoding behaviors associated with ***, astrocytes in the basolateral amygdala have been found to play a role in the modulation of anxiety-like behaviors triggered by chronic stress. Nevertheless, the precise molecular mechanisms by which basolateral amygdala astrocytes regulate chronic stress–induced anxiety-like behaviors remain to be fully elucidated. In this study, we found that in a mouse model of anxiety triggered by unpredictable chronic mild stress, the expression of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 was upregulated in the basolateral amygdala. Interestingly, our findings indicate that the targeted knockdown of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 specifically within the basolateral amygdala astrocytes was able to rescue the anxiety-like behavior in mice subjected to stress. Furthermore, we found that the overexpression of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 in the basolateral amygdala, whether achieved through intracranial administration of excitatory amino acid transporter 2agonists or through injection of excitatory amino acid transporter 2-overexpressing viruses with GfaABC1D promoters, evoked anxiety-like behavior in mice. Our single-nucleus RNA sequencing analysis further confirmed that chronic stress induced an upregulation of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 specifically in astrocytes in the basolateral amygdala. moreover, through in vivo calcium signal recordings, we found that the frequency of calcium activity in the basolateral amygdala of mice subjected to chronic stress was higher compared with normal *** knocking down the expression of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 in the basolateral amygdala, the frequency of calcium activity was not significantly increased, and anxiety-like behavior was ob

关键词： anxiety astrocytes basolateral amygdala behavior dihydrokainic acid excitatory amino acid transporter 2 fiber photometry glutamate LDN-212320 transporter

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Defects‑Rich Heterostructures Trigger Strong Polarization Coupling in Sulfides/Carbon Composites with Robust Electromagnetic Wave Absorption

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Nano-micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 528-547页

作者： Jiaolong Liu Siyu Zhang dan Qu Xuejiao Zhou moxuan Yin Chenxuan Wang Xuelin Zhang Sichen Li Peijun Zhang Yuqi Zhou Kai Tao mengyang Li Bing Wei Hongjing Wu mengyang Li Bing Wei Hongjing Wu School of Physics Xidian UniversityXi’an 710071People’s Republic of China School of Advanced materials and Nanotechnology State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor TechnologyXidian UniversityXi’an 710071People’s Republic of China School of microelectronics Xidian UniversityXi’an 710071People’s Republic of China School of Telecommunication Engineering Xidian UniversityXi’an 710071People’s Republic of China mOE Key Laboratory of material Physics and Chemistry Under Extraordinary School of Physical Science and TechnologyNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072People’s Republic of China The ministry of Education Key Laboratory of micro and Nano Systems forAerospace School of Mechanical EngineeringNorthwestern PolytechnicalUniversityXi’an 710072People’s Republic of China

Defects-rich heterointerfaces integrated with adjustable crystalline phases and atom vacancies,as well as veiled dielectric-responsive character,are instrumental in electromagnetic *** methods,however,constrain their delicate ***,an innovative alternative is proposed:carrageenan-assistant cations-regulated(CACR)strategy,which induces a series of sulfides nanoparticles rooted in situ on the surface of carbon *** unique configuration originates from strategic vacancy formation energy of sulfides and strong sulfides-carbon support interaction,benefiting the delicate construction of defects-rich heterostructures in m_(x)S_(y)/carbon composites(m-CAs).Impressively,these generated sulfur vacancies are firstly found to strengthen electron accumulation/consumption ability at heterointerfaces and,simultaneously,induct local asymmetry of electronic structure to evoke large dipole moment,ultimately leading to polarization coupling,i.e.,defect-type interfacial ***“Janus effect”(Janus effect means versatility,as in the Greek two-headed Janus)of interfacial sulfur vacancies is intuitively confirmed by both theoretical and experimental investigations for the first ***,the sulfur vacancies-rich heterostructured Co/Ni-CAs displays broad absorption bandwidth of 6.76 GHz at only 1.8 mm,compared to sulfur vacancies-free CAs without any dielectric *** defects-rich heterostructures,this one-pot CACR strategy may steer the design and development of advanced nanomaterials,boosting functionality across diverse application domains beyond electromagnetic response.

关键词： Defects-rich heterointerfaces Sulfides Polarization coupling Electromagnetic wave absorption

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Bifurcation and dynamic response analysis of rotating blade excited by upstream vortices

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2016年第9期37卷 1251-1274页

作者： dan WANG Yushu CHEN m.WIERCIGROCH Qingjie CAO School of Astronautics Harbin Institute of Technology Centre for Applied Dynamics Research School of Engineering University of AberdeenKing's College

A reduced model is proposed and analyzed for the simulation of vortexinduced vibrations （VIVs） for turbine blades. A rotating blade is modelled as a uniform cantilever beam, while a van der Pol oscillator is used to represent the time-varying characteristics of the vortex shedding, which interacts with the equations of motion for the blade to simulate the fluid-structure interaction. The action for the structural motion on the fluid is considered as a linear inertia coupling. The nonlinear characteristics for the dynamic responses are investigated with the multiple scale method, and the modulation equations are derived. The transition set consisting of the bifurcation set and the hystere- sis set is constructed by the singularity theory and the effects of the system parameters, such as the van der Pol damping. The coupling parameter on the equilibrium solutions is analyzed. The frequency-response curves are obtained, and the stabilities are determined by the Routh-Hurwitz criterion. The phenomena including the saddle-node and Hopf bifurcations are found to occur under certain parameter values. A direct numerical method is used to analyze the dynamic characteristics for the original system and verify the va- lidity of the multiple scale method. The results indicate that the new coupled model is useful in explaining the rich dynamic response characteristics such as possible bifurcation phenomena in the VIVs.

关键词： vortex-induced vibration van der Pol oscillator dynamic response tran-sition set singularity theory bifurcation phenomenon

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The minimal measurement number for generalized conjugate phase retrieval

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Science China mathematics 2022年第3期65卷 655-664页

作者： Wei dan College of Big Data and Internet Shenzhen Technology UniversityShenzhen 518118China

The generalized conjugate phase retrieval problem aims to reconstruct a complex signal x ∈ C^(n) from quadratic measurements x*A_(1)x,...,x*A_(m)x,where A_(1),...,A_(m)∈R^(n×n) are real symmetric *** equivalent formulation for generalized conjugate phase retrieval along with the minimal measurement number required for accurate retrieval(up to a global phase factor as well as conjugacy) is derived in this *** present a set of nine vectors in R^(4) and prove that it is conjugate phase retrievable on C^(4).This result implies the measurement number bound 4n-6 is not optimal for some n,which confirms a conjecture in the article by Evans and Lai(2019).

关键词： phase retrieval measurement number conjugate

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Resilience of aging structures and infrastructure systems with emphasis on seismic resilience of bridges and road networks:Review

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Resilient Cities and Structures 2022年第2期1卷 23-41页

作者： Luca Capacci Fabio Biondini dan m.Frangopol Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Politecnico di MilanoPiazza Leonardo da Vinci32Milan 20133Italy Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering ATLSS Engineering Research CenterLehigh University117 ATLSS Dr.BethlehemPA 18015-4729United States

Risk assessment and mitigation programs have been carried out over the last decades in the attempt to reduce transportation infrastructure downtime and post-disaster recovery ***,the concept of resilience gained increasing importance in design,assessment,maintenance,and rehabilitation structures and infrastructure systems,particularly bridges and transportation networks,exposed to natural and man-made *** the field of disaster mitigation,frameworks have been proposed to provide a basis for development of qualitative and quantitative models quantifying the functionality and resilience at various scales,including components,groups and systems within infrastructure networks and *** these frameworks,the effects of aging and environmental aggressiveness must be explicitly considered,affecting the structural performance and functionality of civil infrastructure *** efforts have been made to incorporate risk and resilience assessment frameworks into informed decision making to decide how to best use resources to minimize the impact of hazards on civil infrastructure *** review paper is part of these *** presents an overview of the main principles and concepts,methods and strategies,advances and accomplishments in the field of life-cycle reliability,risk and resilience of structures and infrastructure systems,with emphasis on seismic resilience of bridges and road networks.

关键词： Resilience Seismic hazards Aging structures Highway bridges Infrastructure systems

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Trends in single trait dispersion between early-mid successional stages:the importance of species pool extension and habitat scale

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2018年第1期11卷 103-113页

作者： dan Gafta Anamaria Roman Tudor m.Ursu Department of Taxonomy and Ecology Babeș-Bolyai University42 Republicii Street400015 Cluj-NapocaRomania Institute of Biological Research National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences48 Republicii Street400015 Cluj-NapocaRomania

Aims Are there trends of increasing/decreasing dispersion of single,cat-egorical traits related to early/late-successional species between stages of community development?If yes,are these trends depend-ent on species pool extension and habitat scale?Is there a consist-ent reduction in single trait convergence or divergence in any seral stage when scaling down from ecological to local species pool?methods Presence of all vascular species rooted within plots of 5×5 m was recorded in assemblages of exposed mining spoils(EmS)and heath-lands(HTL),which form a chronosequence on two abandoned ore tailing heaps located close to each other in the south-eastern Carpathians(Romania).Fifteen nominal,trait attributes of plant species co-occurring in the two seral assemblages were collected from available databases and subsequently classified as either suc-cessionally‘pioneer’or‘mature’.The strength of single trait conver-gence or divergence was estimated by comparison with null plant assemblages at patch type(meta-community)level by reference to the ecological or local species pool,and at community *** Findings At patch type level,all pioneer and mature trait attributes(apart from short life span),with significant variation between the two seral stages,increased and,respectively,decreased in dispersion irrespective of species pool ***,these trends were more conspicuous when using the ecological species pool,very likely due to relaxation in abiotic filtering and dispersal *** community level,no consistent trends were observed between EmS and HTL assemblages,probably because most trait attributes were sorted by microenvironmental filters displaying high variation,like topography or habitat patch *** both seral stages,there was a general weakening of trait convergence or divergence at patch type level when scaling down from the ecological to the local species pool,which was due to niche space *** community level,there was a tre

关键词： abiotic filtering dispersal limitation niche space contraction null models patch geometry and adjacency pioneer and mature traits

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Controllable nitridation of Ta_(2)_(O5) in molten salts for enhanced photocatalysis

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International Journal of minerals,metallurgy and materials 2020年第12期27卷 1703-1710页

作者： Jing Zhou dan-dan Nie Xian-bo Jin Wei Xiao College of Chemistry and molecular Sciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Eletrochermical Power SourexWuhan Lniversitwuhan 430072China Sschool of Resouwce and Einvironmental Sciences Hubei lnternational Scientifie and Teehnological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Rexource and EnergyWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China

Pyrolysis of the Ta_(2)_(O5)/melamine mixture in molten chlorides is herein demonstrated as a facile and controllable method to nitridize and functionalize Ta_(2)_(O5).The influence of the stoichiometry and composition of Ta_(2)_(O5)/melamine in molten salts on the nitridation process is rationalized to ensure the controllable preparation of Ta_(3)N_(5) and Ta_(3)N_(5)/*** characterization results,including scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,elemental mapping,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,and photoluminescence spectroscopy,all confirm the existence of the Ta_(3)N_(5)/TaON heterojunction,in which the TaON nanoparticles are closely anchored to the Ta_(3)N_(5) *** from its composition and structure,the Ta_(3)N_(5)/TaON composites show enhanced photocatalytic activity for the degradation of methylene *** present study highlights that the molten salt method using a solid nitrogen source can be a new technique for rationalizing the design of nitrides and oxynitrides.

关键词： molten salts photocatalysis Ta_(3)N_(5) TaON heterojunction

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Tunable valley band and exciton splitting by interlayer orbital hybridization

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npj Computational materials 2022年第1期8卷 2291-2299页

作者： dan Wang Xiaolong Zou Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute&Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhen518055China

magnetic proximity effect has been demonstrated to be an effective routine to introduce valley splitting in two-dimensional van der Waals ***,the control of its strength and the induced valley splitting remains *** this work,taking heterobilayers combining monolayer mSe_(2)(m=mo or W)with room-temperature ferromagnetic VSe_(2)as examples,we demonstrate that the valley splitting for both band edges and excitons can be modulated by the tuning of the interlayer orbital hybridization,achieved by inclusion of different amounts of exact Hartree exchange potential via hybrid ***,we show such tuning of orbital hybridization could be experimentally realized by external strain and electric *** calculations suggest that large valley band splitting about 30 meV and valley exciton splitting over 150 meV can be induced in monolayer mSe_(2).Our work reveals a way to control proximity effects and provides some guidance for the design of optoelectronic and valleytronic devices.

关键词： field splitting orbital

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Role of mushrooms in soil mycoremediation:a review

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应用与环境生物学报 2020年第2期26卷 460-468页

作者： minhaz Uddin dan Zhang Ram Proshad m.K.Haque Institute of mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences&Ministry of Water ConservancyChengdu 610041China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Department of Crop Science and Technology University of RajshahiRajshahi-6025Bangladesh

Bioremediation is an innovative and promising technology available for the removal and recovery of heavy metals from contaminated media. Bioremediation uses organisms to absorb heavy metals at low cost and with no secondary pollution. Bioremediation by macrofungi that degrade pollutants or wastes is referred to as mycoremediation. macrofungi, like mushrooms, can produce enzymes and have the ability to degrade and accumulate a wide range of toxic metals. In this paper, the research status and advances in the field of mycoremediation using different mushroom species are reviewed. Generally mushrooms use three effective strategies to recover contaminated or polluted soils: biodegradation, bioconversion, and biosorption. mushrooms can degrade and recycle wastes and pollutants to their mineral constituents and convert wastes, sludge, and pollutants into useful forms. In addition, they can uptake heavy metals from substrates via biosorption, which is a very effective method to reclaim polluted lands. Different wild and cultivated mushroom species are used in mycoremediation, which can degrade large quantities of organic and inorganic pollutants and produce vendible products. mycoremediation is still in its infancy, but it has notable remediation potential for pollutants or metals in soil. mushroom species that can biodegrade, bioconvert, or absorb pollutants and metals effectively should be given the highest preference. Further research is needed to verify that this method is an easy, cost effective,and eco-friendly tool.

关键词： bioremediation mycoremediation heavy metal mushroom

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