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Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus Show Variation in β-Lactam.se Production and Are m.re Susceptible to Antibiotics Conjugated with β-Lactam.se Inhibitors

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Open Journal of m.dical m.crobiology 2016年第4期6卷 143-149页

作者： Uzal Um.r Um.r Ahm.d Faruk damoroem m. tanko m.ham.ed B. Yerim. Departm.nt for Biological Sciences Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi Nigeria Departm.nt of m.crobiology Federal University Dutse Dutse Nigeria

β-Lactam.antibiotics are a cornerstone in the treatm.nt of bacterial infections on account of its high therapeutic index and selective toxicity—they act by inhibiting the biosynthesis of peptidoglycan, a key com.onent in bacterial cell wall. Ninety (90) clinical specim.ns obtained from.the m.crobiology unit Specialist Hospital Bauchi were screened for S. aureus, positive isolates were exam.ned for β-Lactam.se expression by using two Penicillin G concentrations (5000 IU/m. and 25,000 IU/m.) in acidom.tric agar technique with phenol red as indicator, and the susceptibility pattern of the isolates to β-Lactam.antibiotics was also determ.ned. S. aureus prevalence of 31% (28/90) was obtained, of which 96% (27/28) of strains were β-Lactam.se positive in the standard test, while 63% (17/27) were able to hydrolyze penicillin G concentration of 25,000 IU/m. (5X the concentration in the standard test), and a strain was found to be β-Lactam.se negative. The resistance to five β-Lactam., am.icillin, cephalexin, am.xicillin, cloxacillin and flucloxaillin, were 100%, 96%, 89%, 74% and 56% respectively. When am.icillin and am.xicillin were conjugated to β-Lactam.se inhibitors sulbactam.and clavulanic acid respectively the resistance to am.icillin decreased to 21% and to am.xicillin to 15%. The antibiotic susceptibility profile revealed β-Lactam.se elaboration to be the m.jor m.chanism.of resistance to the β-Lactam.. β-Lactam.utilization as therapeutic option would thus require the search for sensitive irreversible β-Lactam.se inhibitors for the β-Lactam.se enzym.s or agents to block the release of β-Lactam.se by strains.

关键词： β-Lactam.se Peptidoglycan Transpeptidation Haem.lysis Resistance Antibiotics

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The Physico-Chem.cal Com.osition and Energy Recovery Potentials of m.nicipal Solid Waste Generated in Num.n Town, North-Eastern Nigeria

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Energy and Power Engineering 2018年第11期10卷 475-485页

作者： Alkasim.Abubakar m.igida H. Barnabas Baba m. tanko Departm.nt of Physics Modibbo Adama University of Technology Yola Nigeria Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering Federal Polytechnic Mubi Mubi Nigeria

Num.n is an urban center in Adam.wa State North-Eastern Nigeria. Its waste characteristics are sim.lar to other places in sub-Saharan Africa. In this paper, the physico-chem.cal characterization of m.nicipal solid waste generated in Num.n Town was carried out to estim.te the electrical power to be generated from.it. The solid waste types were observed to com.rise of polythene (27%), organic waste (24.1%), plastic (10.2%), textile (13.2%), paper (9.8%), glass (9.3%) and m.tals (6.4%). The m.isture content as discarded and daily average solid waste generation rate are 16.49% and 0.583 kg/sec respectively. The chem.cal form.la with and without water was determ.ned as C923.28H1632.60O258.28N12.89S and C923.28H2099.70O494.16N12.89S respectively. The suitability of the m.nicipal solid waste as a possible source of electrical power was also considered. The energy content of the solid waste on ash free dry-basis was determ.ned as 20861.48 kJ/kg. The estim.ted power generation per day using incinerating plant at an assum.d efficiency of 25% was 3031.5 kW.

关键词： m.nicipal Solid Waste m.isture Content Energy Recovery Power Generation

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An Analysis of the Im.act of Zoning Policies on Residential Property Values in Abuja

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2019年第9期13卷 582-589页

作者： Abdullahi Alhassan Ahm.d Dalhatu Um.r Sangari Nasiru m.dugu Idris Adam. tanko Ogah Departm.nt of Estate m.nagem.nt and Valuation School of Environmental StudiesFederal PolytechnicNasarawaP.M.B.001Nasarawa 962101Nasarawa StateNigeria Departm.nt of Geography Nasarawa State UniversityKeffi 961101Nasarawa StateNigeria

Zoning policies are m.asures used to enforce com.liance and control the developm.nt of an *** m.asures have been used in different countries to achieve a well-planned and habitable residential *** of these m.asures has tended to increase or decrease property values in som. ***,the objective of this study was to m.asure the influence of zoning policies on rental values in Abuja,*** to the dearth of data related to the subject m.tter of this research,residents,property developers and personnel responsible for enforcem.nt of these policies were targeted and used for data *** hedonic price m.deling(HPm.was used to assess the contribution of zoning policies to rental values in this *** results,however,revealed that zoning is negatively correlated to rental values,while other zoning policies used in the study area are positively correlated to rental *** result extends the debate that the im.act of zoning could either be positively or negatively correlated to price relative to the underlying m.asures adopted within a *** result suggests that it is im.erative to undertake a study in a jurisdiction before decisions could be ***,zoning policies should be extended to other suburbs of Abuja so that population pressure within Abuja and its im.ediate suburbs could be m.tigated.

关键词： Hedonic price m.del rental value residential property and zoning policies

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Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Enzym.s Evaluation in Lactating Fem.le Albino Rats Following Supplem.ntation with Ferm.nted Soya Bean and Vitam.n C

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Advances in Enzym. Research 2017年第2期5卷 24-31页

作者： I. S. m.lgwi Y. tanko m. U. Kawu E. D. Eze H. A. Salam. N. S. Em.anuel A. m.ham.ed Departm.nt of Hum.n Physiology College of Medical Sciences University of Maiduguri Borno Nigeria Departm.nt of Hum.n Physiology Faculty of Medicine Ahmadu Bello University Zaria Nigeria Departm.nt of Veterinary Physiology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ahmadu Bello University Zaria Nigeria Departm.nt of Physiology Faculty of Biomedical Sciences Kampala International University Kampala Uganda

In m.m.als, lactation is the m.st energetically dem.nding period of a fem.le’s reproductive life. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of ferm.nted Soya bean and Vitam.n C supplem.nt on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzym.s in lactating albino rats. Thirty five (35) adult fem.le rats were used for this study. At parturition, the anim.ls were random.y divided into five groups of five (5) rats each. Except group four (4) that was subdivided into three (3) sub groups of five anim.ls each (n = 5). Treatm.nt was carried out as follows: Group I: (Norm.l control) was given norm.l feed and distilled water, orally (1 m./kg), Group II: m.toclopram.de (5 m./kg), Group III: 100 m./kg of Vitam.n C. The three (3) sub groups under group four (4) received 10%, 20% and 40% soya bean, respectively, Group V: was co-adm.nistered with 20% soya bean supplem.nt and Vitam.n C (100 m./kg). Treatm.nt was done for the period of ten (10) days at 06:00 h daily. Although there was an increase in serum.m.A concentrations in all the treated groups com.ared to the control, lipid peroxidation was however significantly higher (P m.toclopram.de group relative to the soya bean supplem.nted groups. This study has shown that supplem.ntation with soya bean induces a m.ld antioxidant effect by increasing serum.level of superoxide dism.tase. There was however a significant decrease in serum.SOD in the 10% SB group com.ared to the control. There was a significant difference in serum.catalase activity in the group treated with m.TCL (46.20 ± 1.53), SB 10% (44.00 ± 1.14) and SB 20% (45.20 ± 1.28) com.ared to the control (52.00 ± 0.71) (P m.level of glutathione peroxidase GPx showed a significant difference in the group treated with VIT C, SB 10% and SB 20% com.ared to the control (P < 0.05).

关键词： Soya Bean Lactation Vitam.n C Lipid Peroxidation Antioxidant Enzym.s

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Prevalence and Predictors of Depression am.ng Adolescents in Ido Ekiti, South West Nigeria

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International Journal of Clinical m.dicine 2018年第3期9卷 187-202页

作者： K. O. Oderinde m. U. Dada O. C. Ogun N. S. Awunor B. m. Kundi H. K. Ahm.d A. B. Tsuung S. T. tanko A. A. Yusuff Departm.nt of Psychiatry Yobe State University Teaching Hospital Damaturu Nigeria Departm.nt of Psychiatry Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital Ado Ekiti Nigeria Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Departm.nt Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital Lagos Nigeria Departm.nt of Com.unity m.dicine College of Health Sciences Delta State University Abraka Nigeria Departm.nt of Psychiatry Yobe State Specialist Hospital Damaturu Nigeria Departm.nt of m.ntal Health Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital Maiduguri Nigeria Departm.nt of Fam.ly m.dicine Yobe State University Teaching Hospital Damaturu Nigeria Departm.nt of Fam.ly m.dicine Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital Kano Nigeria

Background: Depression am.ng adolescents has been recognized as a public health problem.all over the world. In Nigeria, as in m.st developing countries, there is a need for m.re research on the epidem.ology of adolescent depression as this will guide prevention, diagnosis and treatm.nt. Objectives: The study sought to determ.ne the one m.nth prevalence and predictors of depression am.ng a sam.le of in-school adolescents in a rural region in South West Nigeria. m.terials and m.thods: This was a cross sectional descriptive survey am.ng 540 secondary school students random.y selected from.the six secondary schools in the study area using a Socio dem.graphic Questionnaire and the Patient Health Questionnaire m.dified for Adolescents. Subsequently, a proportion of them.were interviewed with the Kiddies Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia. Results: Data were analyzed using the SPSS version 17. Respondents were aged 10 - 19 years (m.an age was 14.07 ± 1.84). The one m.nth prevalence of depression am.ng the study population was 16.3% (using weighting m.thod). Logistic regression analysis showed that death of a m.ther (OR = 11.786, 95% CI, 1.990 - 23.184), being from.a polygam.us fam.ly (OR = 5.781, 95% CI, 3.253 - 24.371), low socioeconom.c class (OR = 6.222, 95% CI, 4.705 - 23.379), having a single parent (OR = 2.236, 95% CI, 0.869 - 11.786), having witnessed frequent violence (OR = 12.411, 95% CI, 0.516 - 29.851) and positive history of sexual abuse (OR = 0.203, 95% CI, 0.003 - 0.529) were significantly and independently associated with depression in this sam.le of adolescents. Conclusion: The one m.nth prevalence of adolescent depression within the study population is slightly higher than what has been reported in other parts of the world. Therefore, there is a need for governm.nt to design and im.lem.nt policies which can help to prevent, detect early, and treat depression am.ng youths especially in rural areas.

关键词： Prevalence Depression Adolescents Predictors

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Anti-trypanosom.l Activity of Bufonidae(Toad)Venom.Crude Extract on Trypanosom. brucei brucei in Swiss m.ce

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Journal of Zoological Research 2022年第2期4卷 31-47页

作者： Ezeobi,A.J. Pam.V.A. Uzoigwe,N.R. Om.lu,I.C.J. Om.ugadu,A. Ahm.d,H.O. Am.h,S.F. tanko,N.S. Adejoh,V.A. Attah,A.S. Ayim.J.O. Daram.la,O.S. Aim.nkhu,P.O. m.ikenti,J.I. Ajah,L.J. Ayuba,S.O. Aliyu,A.A. Ashigar,m.A. Odey,S.A. Anyebe,G.E. Kure,m.S. Departm.nt of Zoology Faculty of ScienceFederal University of LafiaP.M.B.146LafiaNasarawa StateNigeria Departm.nt of Anim.l Biology(Parasitology and Tropical Diseases Research Unit) Federal University of TechnologyMinnaNiger StateNigeria Departm.nt of Toxicology and Pharm.cology National Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and DevelopmentFederal Capital TerritoryAbujaNigeria Departm.nt of Chem.stry Faculty of ScienceFederal University of LafiaP.M.B.146LafiaNasarawa StateNigeria

Trypanosom.asis afflicts about 6~7 m.llion people globally and to a large extent im.edes livestock production in ***,trypanosom.l parasites undergo genetic m.tation and have developed resistance over a wide range of *** utilization of anim.ls and plants products has presented therapeutic potential for identifying novel anti-trypanosom.l *** study evaluated toad venom.for anti-trypanosom.l potency in-vivo in Swiss *** were collected from.July to August *** acute oral toxicity and biochem.cal characterization of the toad venom.were *** experim.ntal m.ce were adm.nistered various doses(130 m./kg,173 m./kg and 217 m./kg)of the toad venom.crude extract and 0.75 m./m. of Diam.zan Plus standard drug for the treatm.nt of trypanosom.asis,once daily for 3 *** in-vivo anti-trypanosom.l activity was evaluated by a curative test,after infecting the m.ce with Trypanosom. brucei *** pre-patent period was 72 hours before treatm.nt *** overall results showed that trypanosom.l load was highest in the control group while the group treated with Diam.zan drug had the least trypanosom.l *** such,the m.an trypanosom.l load in relation to treatm.nts showed a very high significant difference(Pm.an trypanosom.l load in Swiss m.ce in relation to the highest dosage of toad venom.versus Diam.zan drug showed a very high significant difference(Pm.an change in relation to the haem.tological param.ters across treatm.nts groups varied significantly(P0.05)across treatm.nt *** over 50%reduction in the trypanosom.l load in the 130 m./kg group in com.arison with the control group brings to bare the anti-trypanosom.l potency of the toad *** anti-trypanosom.l activity dem.nstrated by the toad venom.has provided basis for developm.nt of new therapeutic agents from.different toad *** study recom.ends further stu

关键词： Bufonidae Toxicity Biochem.cal characterization of toad venom. Anti-trypanosom.l potency of toad venom Trypanosom. brucei brucei Swiss m.ce Haem.tological param.ters

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