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Evaluation of Combined Landscape Restoration Practices on Soil Organic Carbon Stocks in Semiarid Regions of Burkina Faso

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2022年第10期12卷 503-522页

作者： Stéphanie Batchakoué Maïga-Yaleu Abdul-Charif Cissé Sibiry Albert Kaboré damien hauswirth Oumarou Malam Issa Maguette Kaire Ibrahim Bouzou Moussa Hassan Bismarck Nacro Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry and Materials (LCMM) Joseph KI-ZERBO University (UJKZ) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratory of Study and Research on Soil Fertility (LERF) Rural Development Institute (IDR) Nazi BONI University (UNB) Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso University Center of Tenkodogo Thomas SANKARA University (UTS) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso ECO Consult GmbH & Co. KG (Niger) Oberaula Germany IRD UMR Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris (IEES-Paris) SU/IRD/CNRS/INRAE/UPEC Centre IRD de France Nord Bondy Cedex France AGRHYMET Regional Center Permanent Interstates Committee for Drought Control in the Sahel (CILSS) Niamey Niger Abdou Moumouni University Department of geography Niamey Niger

Forest and landscape restoration (FLR) practices have been reported to improve soil organic carbon stocks (SOCs) and contributing to climate change mitigation. This study aims to evaluate the impact of combined FLR practices, mainly developed in semiarid regions, on SOCs. The SOCs, soil texture, bulk density (ρ), pH, CO2 emissions, and herbaceous biomass were determined at a 0 - 30 cm depth. The experimental design comprised degraded land without FLR practices and three sets of combined FLR practices. These practices included “zaï” + stone bunds + organic manure + assisted natural regeneration (ANR) used to convert degraded land into forest (GF) and cropland (PARL);“zaï” + stone bunds + crop rotation + crop/fallow successions + ANR used to convert degraded land into cropland (OARL) and “zaï”+ stone bunds + organic manure used to convert degraded land into cropland (KARL). SOCs were highest (20.02 t C ha−1) under OARL compared with the other combinations of FLR practices. SOCs increased by 99% (+0.2 t C ha−1⋅yr−1), 58% (+0.3 t C ha−1⋅yr−1) and 13% (+0.2 t C ha−1⋅yr−1) under GF, OARL and KARL, respectively, and decreased by 15% (−0.1 t C ha−1⋅yr−1) under PARL. This study provides additional information explaining SOC variation in restored degraded land through the implementation of a combination of FLR practices. This is useful for recommending the combination “zaï” + stone bunds + crop rotation + crop/fallow successions + ANR to improve SOCs in the semiarid agroecosystem.

关键词： Soil Organic Carbon Improved Management Soil Restoration Management Practices Semiarid Area

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Treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles: a case report

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1207-1216页

作者： Pascal J.Goldschmidt-Clermont Aisha Khan George Jimsheleishvili Patricia Graham Adriana Brooks Risset Silvera Alexander J.P.Goldschmidt damien D.Pearse W.Dalton Dietrich Allan D.Levi James D.Guest Miller School of Medicine University of MiamiMiamiFLUSA Stem Cell Institute Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA Alzady International LLC MiamiFLUSA Neurological Surgery Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA

Schwann cells are essential for the maintenance and function of motor neurons,axonal networks,and the neuromuscular *** amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,where motor neuron function is progressively lost,Schwann cell function may also be ***,important signaling and potential trophic activities of Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles have been *** case report describes the treatment of a patient with advanced amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using serial intravenous infusions of allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles,marking,to our knowledge,the first instance of such *** 81-year-old male patient presented with a 1.5-year history of rapidly progressive amyotrophic lateral *** initial diagnosis,the patient underwent a combination of generic riluzole,sodium phenylbutyrate for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,and *** patient volunteered to participate in an FDA-approved single-patient expanded access treatment and received weekly intravenous infusions of allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles to potentially restore impaired Schwann cell and motor neuron *** confirmed that cultured Schwann cells obtained from the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patient via sural nerve biopsy appeared impaired(senescent)and that exposure of the patient’s Schwann cells to allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles,cultured expanded from a cadaver donor improved their growth capacity in *** a period of observation lasting 10 weeks,during which amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Functional Rating Scale-Revised and pulmonary function were regularly monitored,the patient received weekly consecutive infusions of 1.54×1012(×2),and then consecutive infusions of 7.5×1012(×6)allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles diluted in 40 mL of Dulbecco’s phosphate-buffered *** of the infusions were associated with adverse events such as infusion reactions(allergic or otherwise)or

关键词： allogeneic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis exosomes infusion neuromuscular junction Schwann cell

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Combination of olefin insertion polymerization and olefin metathesis to extend the topology and composition of polyolefins

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Science China Chemistry 2020年第6期63卷 755-757页

作者： Tianwei Yan damien Guironnet Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Illinois Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIllinois 61801United States

Since Ziegler,Hogan and Banks’seminal discoveries for the catalytic polymerization of olefins,many generations of catalysts have been reported[1–5].These include the transition from the original heterogeneous cataly... 详细信息

关键词： polymerization metathesis polyolefins

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Ferrofluid magnetoviscous control of wall flow channeling in porous media

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China Particuology 2007年第1期5卷 50-60页

作者： Faal Larachi damien Desvigne Department of Chemical Engineering Laval University Que. G1K 7P4 Canada

We analyzed the phenomenon of ferrofiuid magnetoviscosity in high-permeability wall-region non-magnetic porous media of the Müller kind. After upscaling the pore-level ferrohydrodynamic model, we obtained a simplified volume-average zero-order axisymmetric model for non-Darcy non-turbulent flow of steady-state isothermal incompressible Newtonian ferrofluids through a porous medium experiencing external constant bulk-flow oriented gradient magnetic field, ferrofluid self-consistent demagnetizing field and induced magnetic field in the solid. The model was explored in contexts plagued by wall flow maldistribution due to low column-to-particle diameter ratios. It was shown that for proper magnetic field arrangement, wall channeling can be reduced by inflating wall flow resistance through magnetovisco-thickening and Kelvin body force density which reroute a fraction of wall flow towards bed core. 　　

关键词： Ferrofluid Magnetosviscosity Porous medium Volume-average ferrohydrodynamic model Kelvin body force Spin-vorticity coupling

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Can lithium enhance the extent of axon regeneration and neurological recovery following peripheral nerve trauma?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第5期17卷 948-952页

作者： damien P.Kuffler Institute of Neurobiology Medical Sciences CampusUniversity of Puerto RicoSan JuanPRUSA

The clinical"gold standard"technique for attempting to restore function to nerves with a gap is to bridge the gap with sensory ***,autografts induce good to excellent recovery only across short nerve gaps,in young patients,and when repairs are performed a short time post nerve *** under the best of conditions,<50%of patients recover good *** many alternative techniques have been tested,none is as effective as ***,alternative techniques are required that increase the percentage of patients who recover function and the extent of their *** paper examines the actions of lithium,and how it appears to trigger all the cellular and molecular events required to promote axon regeneration,and how both in animal models and clinically,lithium administration enhances both the extent of axon regeneration and neurological *** paper proposes more extensive clinical testing of lithium for its ability and reliability to increase the extent of axon regeneration and functional recovery.

关键词： anastomosis axon regeneration lithium nerve crush nerve gaps nerve repair nerve trauma neurological recovery Schwann cells

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Physiological and cognitive discontinuities:From mythical mediation to implicit discretization of architectural design tools

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2023年第1期12卷 1-14页

作者： damien Claeys Louvain Research Institute for Landscape ArchitectureBuilt Environment(LAB)and Faculty of ArchitectureArchitectural Engineering and Urban Planning(LOCI)Universite´catholique de Louvain(UCLouvain)BrusselsBelgium

In architectural design,representation tools are often compared according to their alleged effects on the creativity of ***,their mediating capacities are often mythicized,to such an extent that one might surmise the direct transmission of the mental images from the designer’s consciousness to an external *** this speculative essay,we demonstrate that the process of representation at work in architectural design originates from the designer’s consciousness natural cognitive ability,rather than from the use of a specific mediation tool between the designer and his environment,between the mentally constructed architectural project and its *** effects of any tool of representationdanalog or digitaldon our perceptual apparatus depend primarily on the cognitive mechanisms affecting the discontinuous flow of internal representations formed by our *** other words,we propose to shed a new light on these limitations through the heuristic modeling of an architectural project designer confronted with his own cognitive biases,and the limits of the representation *** the present essay,the discontinuities and uncertainties inherent to the processes of representation are reintegrate in the models.

关键词： Architecture Design Representation Discretization Discontinuity Digital Analog Uncertainty

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Carbamylated lipoproteins in diabetes

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World Journal of Diabetes 2023年第3期14卷 159-169页

作者： damien Denimal Department of Biochemistry University Hospital of DijonDijon 21079France INSERM LNC UMR1231 University of BurgundyDijon 21078France

Diabetic dyslipidemia is characterized by quantitative and qualitative abnormalities in *** addition to glycation and oxidation,carbamylation is also a post-translational modification affecting lipoproteins in *** with type 2 diabetes(T2D)exhibit higher levels of carbamylated low-density lipoproteins(cLDL)and high-density lipoproteins(cHDL).Accumulating evidence suggests that cLDL plays a role in atherosclerosis in *** levels have been shown to predict cardiovascular events and all-cause *** facilitates immune cell recruitment in the vascular wall,promotes accumulation of lipids in macrophages,and contributes to endothelial dysf-unction,endothelial nitric oxide-synthase(eNOS)inactivation and endothelial repair ***,cLDL induces thrombus formation and platelet *** the other hand,recent data have demonstrated that cHDL serum level is independently associated with all-cause and cardiovascular-related mortality in T2D *** relationship may be causative since the atheroprotective properties of HDL are altered after ***,cHDL loses the ability to remove cholesterol from macrophages,to inhibit monocyte adhesion and recruitment,to induce eNOS activation and to inhibit *** together,it seems very likely that the abnormalities in the biological functions of LDL and HDL after carbamylation contribute to atherosclerosis and to the elevated cardiovascular risk in diabetes.

关键词： Carbamylation Lipoprotein Diabetes Low-density lipoprotein High-density lipoprotein Myeloperoxidase

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Gym-ANM: Reinforcement learning environments for active network management tasks in electricity distribution systems

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Energy and AI 2021年第3期5卷 171-193页

作者： Robin Henry damien Ernst School of Engineering Sanderson BuildingThe University of EdinburghEdinburgh EH93FBUK Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Montefiore InstituteUniversity of LiegeLiege B-4000Belgium

Active network management(ANM)of electricity distribution networks include many complex stochastic sequential optimization *** problems need to be solved for integrating renewable energies and distributed storage into future electrical *** this work,we introduce Gym-ANM,a framework for designing reinforcement learning(RL)environments that model ANM tasks in electricity distribution *** environments provide new playgrounds for RL research in the management of electricity networks that do not require an extensive knowledge of the underlying dynamics of such *** with this work,we are releasing an implementation of an introductory toy-environment,ANM6-Easy,designed to emphasize common challenges in *** also show that state-of-the-art RL algorithms can already achieve good performance on ANM6-Easy when compared against a model predictive control(MPC)***,we provide guidelines to create new Gym-ANM environments differing in terms of(a)the distribution network topology and param-eters,(b)the observation space,(c)the modeling of the stochastic processes present in the system,and(d)a set of hyperparameters influencing the reward ***-ANM can be downloaded at https://***/robinhenr y/gym-anm.

关键词： Gym-ANM Reinforcement learning Active network management Distribution networks Renewable energy

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Dismantling Melaspileaceae:a first phylogenetic study of Buelliella,Hemigrapha,Karschia,Labrocarpon and Melaspilea

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Fungal Diversity 2015年第2期71卷 141-164页

作者： damien Ertz Paul Diederich Department Bryophytes-Thallophytes(BT) Botanic Garden MeiseNieuwelaan 38B–1860 MeiseBelgium Musée national d’histoire naturelle 25 rue MunsterL–2160 LuxembourgLuxembourg

Melaspileaceae is a heterogeneous group of Ascomycota including lichenized,lichenicolous and saprobic fungi.A first phylogenetic study of Melaspileaceae is presented and is based on mtSSU and nuLSU sequence *** obtained 49 new sequences for 28 specimens representing 15 *** genera Buelliella,Hemigrapha,Karschia,Labrocarpon and Melaspilea *** included in a molecular phylogeny for the first *** is recovered as polyphyletic,with members placed in two main lineages of *** *** included in *** is placed in synonymy with *** genus Encephalographa is placed in *** genera Buelliella,Karschia,Labrocarpon and several members of Melaspilea are demonstrated to belong to Asterinales,while Hemigrapha is confirmed in this *** genera Melaspileella,Melaspileopsis,Stictographa are reinstated for former Melaspilea species now placed in *** cezannei is described as new,and the new combinations Melaspilea costaricensis,***,***,Melaspileella proximella and Melaspileopsis diplasiospora are *** as newly defined includes lichenized and saprobic *** lichenicolous and saprobic life styles form different intermixed lineages in Asterinales that do not include lichenized *** phylogenetic data provide a first framework for dismantling further the genus Melaspilea for which most of the species are expected to belong to Asterinales.

关键词： Asterinales Eremithallales Lichenicolous fungi Phylogeny Taxonomy

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Benefits of heterospecific aggregation on necromass: in fluence of temperature, group density, and compositi on on fitness-related traits

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Insect Science 2021年第1期28卷 144-152页

作者： Larissa Komo Valery Hedouin damien Charabidze CHU Lille EA 7367—UTML—Unite de Taphonomie Medico-LegaleUniversity of Lille59000 LilleFrance

Necrophagous blowflies(Diptera:Calliphoridae)such as Calliphora vicina,a cold-tolerant species,and L ucilia serie ata,a warm-adapted species,are pioneer carrion・*** these two species have different temperature preferences,larvae aggregate actively and often feed simultaneously on *** hypothesis to be tested was that *** benefits from the association with *** at lower temperatures(i.e.,15℃)and that *** derives greater benefits from this association at higher temperatures(i.e.,28℃).Therefore,both species were raised at these two constant temperatures from first instars to adults under three different conditions:monospecific low-density,monospecific high-density,and heterospecific *** time until larval migration,surface area of puparia,and survival rates were determined for each *** between these fitness-related traits were found between species,temperatures,group densities,and species *** 28°C,*** larvae bred in heterospecific groups migrated significantly earlier and in higher numbers than that under same density conspecific con・ditions,with a lower mortality *** 15°C,both species benefited from high-density heterospecific associations,expressed by faster development and larger *** conclusion,necrophagous larvae benefited from heterospecific aggregations at suboptima 1 temperatures by adapting their migration time to that of the faster *** temperature changes throughout the day and over the year,the beneficiary of such a collective association also *** costs involved and deviations to the temperature-size rule highlight the complexity of the carrion ecosystem.

关键词： carrion ecology development rhythm flies forensic entomology lifehistory traits mutualism

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