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Comprehensive lumped parameter and multibody approach for the dynamic simulation of agricultural tractors with tyre–soil interaction

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IET Cyber-Systems and Robotics 2023年第3期5卷 1-23页

作者： Massimo Martelli damiano chiarabelli Silvia Gessi Pietro Marani Emiliano Mucchi Marco Polastri Institute of Sciences and Technologies for Sustainable Energy and Mobility CNR‐STEMSNational Research CouncilFerraraItaly Department of Engineering University of FerraraFerraraItaly

Modern agricultural tractors are complex systems,in which multiple physical(and technological)domains interact to reach a wide set of competing goals,including work operational performance and energy *** complexity translates to the dynamic,multi‐domain simulation models implemented to serve as digital twins,for rapid prototyping and effective pre‐tuning,prior to bench and on‐field ***,a suitable simulation framework should have the capability to focus both on the vehicle as a whole and on individual *** each of the latter,multiple options should be available,with different levels of detail,to properly address the relevant phenomena,depending on the specific focus,for an optimal balance between accuracy and computation *** methodology proposed here by the authors is based on the lumped parameter approach and integrates the models for the following subsystems in a modular context:internal combustion engine,hydromechanical transmission,vehicle body,and tyre–soil *** model is completed by a load cycle module that generates stimulus time histories to reproduce the work load under real operating *** capability is affected by vertical load on the wheels,which is even more relevant if the vehicle is travelling on an uncompacted soil and subject to a variable drawbar pull force as it is when *** vertical load is,in turn,heavily affected by vehicle dynamics,which can be accurately modelled via a full multibody *** presented lumped parameter model is intended as a powerful simulation tool to evaluate tractor performance,both in terms of fuel consumption and traction dynamics,by considering the cascade phenomena from the wheel–ground interaction to the engine,passing through the dynamics of vehicle bodies and their mass *** capabilities and numerical results are presented for the simulation of a realistic ploughing operation.

关键词： agricultural tractor digital twin lumped parameter simulation,multibody powertrain tyre-soil interaction

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Balloon aortic valvuloplasty as a bridge-to-decision in high risk patients with aortic stenosis： a new paradigm for the heart team decision making

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2016年第6期13卷 475-482页

作者： Francesco Saia Carolina Moretti Gianni Dall'Ara Cristina Ciuca Nevio Taglieri Alessandra Berardini Pamela Gallo Marina Cannizzo Matteo chiarabelli Niccolo Ramponi Linda Taffani Maria Letizia Bacchi-Reggiani Cinzia Marrozzini Claudio Rapezzi Antonio Marzocchi Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Department University Hospital of Bologna Bologna Italy

Background Whilst the majority of the patients with severe aortic stenosis can be directly addressed to surgical aortic valve replace- ment （AVR） or transcatheter aortic valve implantation （TAVI）, in some instances additional information may be needed to complete the diagnostic workout. We evaluated the role of balloon aortic valvuloplasty （BAV） as a bridge-to-decision （BTD） in selected high-risk patients. Methods Between 2007 and 2012, the heart team in our Institution required BTD BAV in 202 patients. Very low left ventricular ejection fraction, mitral regurgitation grade 〉 3, frailty, hemodynamic instability, serious comorbidity, or a combination of these factors were the main drivers for this strategy. We evaluated how BAV influenced the final treatment strategy in the whole patient group and in each specific subgroup. Results Mean logistic European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation （EuroSCORE） was 23.5%±15.3%, age 81 ± 7 years. In-hospital mortality was 4.5%, cerebrovascular accident 1% and overall vascular complications 4% （0.5% major; 3.5% minor）. Of the 193 patients with BTD BAV who survived and received a second heart team evaluation, 72.6% were finally deemed eligible for definitive treatment （25.4% for AVR; 47.2% for TAVI）： 96.7% of patients with left ventricular ejection fraction recovery; 70.5% of patients with mitral regurgitation reduction; 75.7% of patients who underwent BAV in clinical hemodynamic instability; 69.2% of frail patients and 68% of patients who presented serious comorbidities. Conclusions Balloon aortic valvuloplasty can be considered as bridge-to- decision in high-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis who cannot be immediate candidates for definitive transcatheter or surgical treatment.

关键词： Aortic valve replacement Aortic valve stenosis Heart team Mitral valve regurgitation Transcatheter aortic valve implantation

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