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Prevalence and Determinants of Modern Contraceptive Methods Use among Women of Reproductive Age (15 - 49 Years) in Rural Setting: A Case of Kishapu District, Shinyanga Region

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Advances in Sexual Medicine 2019年第4期9卷 53-66页

作者： Veronica Martin Sia E. Msuya Ntuli Kapologwe damian j. damian Beatrice j.hn Michael j. Mahande Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Institute of Public Health Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College Moshi Tanzania Kilimanj.ro Christian Medical Centre Moshi Tanzania Community Health Department Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College Moshi Tanzania Shinyanga Regional Medical Office Shinyanga Tanzania

Background: Modern contraceptive use among women of reproductive age (15 - 49 years) is a public health priority in Tanzania. The national prevalence remains unacceptably low as 32%. Shinyanga region is one among the regions with lowest contraceptive prevalence rate (21%) and high unmet need for family planning (23%). Understanding factors contributing to its use may help to improve maternal and child health. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and determinants of modern contraceptive use among women of reproductive age. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Kishapu district of Shinyanga region: A total of 602 women aged 15 - 49 years were interviewed using a standardized questionnaire. Data were analysed using SPSS version 20.0. Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals for factors associated with use of modern contraceptives were estimated in multivariable logistic regression models. Results: The prevalence of modern contraceptive use was 42.7%. Being employed (OR 2.42, 95% CI: 1.13 - 5.18), formal educational level (OR 2.45, 95% CI: 1.38 - 4.35), couples communication (OR 2.44, 95% CI: 1.74 - 3.42) and availability of modern contraceptives (OR 1.94, 95% CI: 1.17 - 3.20) were significantly associated with current use of modern contraceptives. Husband disapproval was frequently reported as barrier for modern contraceptives in the study area. Conclusions: Numerous factors were associated with use of modern contraceptives. Husband disapproval was frequently reported as barrier for contraceptive use. Strategies to promote the importance of modern contraceptives use in the study area are warranted. District health office and concerned stakeholders should encourage male involvement for family planning.

关键词： Family Planning Modern Contraceptive Use Prevalence Determinants

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An oxygenating colloidal bioink for the engineering of biomimetic tissue constructs

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第3期7卷 240-261页

作者： Seol-Ha j.ong j.rno Hiemstra Patrick V.Blokzij. Rebeca damian-Ferrara Danilo Martins dos Santos j.ssica H.L.da Fonseca Min-Ho Kang j.hyun Kim Dilara Yilmaz-Aykut Mei L.L.Cham-Pérez j.roen Leij.en Su Ryon Shin Division of Engineering in Medicine Department of MedicineBrigham and Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02139USA Leij.en Lab Department of Developmental BioEngineeringFaculty of Science and TechnologyTechnical Medical CentreUniversity of TwenteDrienerlolaan 57522 NB EnschedeThe Netherlands Nanotechnology National Laboratory for Agriculture(LNNA) Embrapa InstrumentaçãoSao CarlosSao Paulo 13560-970Brazil Department of Biomedical-Chemical Engineering The Catholic University of Korea43 Jibong-roBucheon-siGyeonggi-do 14662Republic of Korea Department of Biotechnology The Catholic University of Korea43 Jibong-roBucheon-siGyeonggi-do 14662Republic of Korea

Ensuring a sufficient oxygen supply is pivotal for the success of bioprinting applications since it fosters tissue integration and natural *** in oxygen concentration among diverse tissues necessitates the precise recreation of tissue-specific oxygen levels in imprinted constructs to support the survival of targeted *** oxygen-releasing biomaterials,such as oxygen-generating microparticles(OMPs),have shown promise for enhancing the oxygen supply of microenvironments in inj.red tissues,whether this approach is scalable for large tissues and whether tissue-specific bioinks with varying OMP concentrations remain printable remain *** study addresses this critical gap by introducing an innovative class of engineered oxygenated bioinks that combine colloidal-based microgels with *** report that incorporating nanosized calcium peroxide(nCaO_(2))and manganese oxide nanosheets(nMnO_(2))into hydrophobic polymeric microparticles enables precise modulation of oxygen release while controlling hydrogen peroxide ***,the fabrication of oxygenating and cytocompatible colloidal gels is achieved using an aqueous two-phase *** study thoroughly evaluates the fundamental characteristics of the resulting bioink,including its rheological behaviors,printability,shape fidelity,mechanical properties,and oxygen release ***,this study demonstrates the macroscopic scalability and cytocompatibility of printed constructs produced via cell-laden oxygenating colloidal *** showcasing the effectiveness of extrusion-based bioprinting,this study underscores how it can be used to fabricate biomimetic tissues,indicating its potential for new *** findings presented here advance the bioprinting field by achieving scalability with both high cell viability and the possibility of mimicking specifically oxygenated *** work thereby offers a promising avenue for the development of functional tissues with e

关键词： 3D bioprinting Bioink Colloidal gels Extrusion printing Oxygen-generating microparticle

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Autonomous atomic Hamiltonian construction and active sampling of X-ray absorption spectroscopy by adversarial Bayesian optimization

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npj.Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 1890-1900页

作者： Yixuan Zhang Ruiwen Xie Teng Long damian Günzing Heiko Wende Katharina j.Ollefs Hongbin Zhang Institute of Materials Science Technical University of Darmstadt64287 DarmstadtGermany School of Materials Science and Engineering Shandong University250061 JinanChina Faculty of Physics University of Duisburg-Essen47057 DuisburgGermany

X-ray absorption spectroscopy(XAS)is a well-established method for in-depth characterization of electronic *** practice hundreds of energy-points should be sampled during the measurements,and most of them are ***,it is also tedious to estimate reasonable parameters in the atomic Hamiltonians for mechanistic *** implement an Adversarial Bayesian optimization(ABO)algorithm comprising two coupled BOs to automatically fit the many-body model Hamiltonians and to sample effectively based on active learning(AL).Taking NiO as an example,we find that less than 30 sampling points are sufficient to recover the complete XAS with the corresponding crystal field and charge transfer models,which can be selected based on intuitive hypothesis *** applications on the experimental XAS spectra reveal that less than 80 sampling points give reasonable XAS and reliable atomic model *** ABO algorithm has a great potential for future applications on automated physics-driven XAS analysis and AL sampling.

关键词： structure Hamiltonian absorption

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Available for millions of years but discovered through the last decade:Insects as a source of nutrients and energy in animal diets

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第4期11卷 60-79页

作者： Bartosz Kieronczyk Mateusz Rawski Zuzanna Mikołaj.zak Natalia Homska j.n j.nkowski Katarzyna Ognik Agata j.zefiak j.n Mazurkiewicz damian j.zefiak Department of Animal Nutrition Poznan University of Life SciencesPoznanPoland Laboratory of Inland Fisheries and Aquaculture Department of ZoologyPoznan University of Life SciencesPoznanPoland Department of Poultry Science University of Warmia and MazuryOlsztynPoland Department of Biochemistry and Toxicology Faculty of Animal Sciences and BioeconomyUniversity of Life Sciences in LublinLublinPoland Department of Preclinical Sciences and Infectious Diseases Poznan University of Life SciencesPoznanPoland

The aim of this review is to present and discuss the most recent literature about the processing of insect biomass and its impact on nutritive value,further implementation of meals and fats derived from invertebrates to livestock(poultry and swine),aquaculture(salmonids),and companion animal diets and their impact on growth performance,metabolic response,and gastrointestinal microbiota ***,the most important barriers to obtaining unified products in terms of their nutritive value are considered,i.e.,to define insects'nutrient requirements,including various technological groups and further biomass processing(slaughtering,drying,and storage).Due to the current limitation in the insect production process consisting of the lack of infrastructure,there is stress on the relatively small amount of insect products added to the animal diets as a functional feed ***,only in the case of pet nutrition may insects be considered a full replacement for commonly used environmentally harmful and allergenic ***,the least information has been published on this ***,more scientific data are needed,particularly when the pet food branch and insect-based diets are rapidly growing.

关键词： Insect protein Poultry Pig Fish Pet Nutritive value

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Surgical resection of rectal adenoma:A rapid review

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World j.urnal of Gastroenterology 2009年第31期15卷 3851-3854页

作者： damian Casadesus Calixto Garcia Hospital J and University

Transanal excision (TE), endoscopic transanal resection (ETAR) and transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) can be used to remove adenomatous polyps. However, their use is limited by the size or location of the tumor. TE is limited to the lower rectum, TEM offers better access to lesions in the middle and upper rectum, and ETAR is used less frequently than it deserves for resection of rectal lesions.

关键词：手术切除内皮素受体审查肠腺切除术肛门直肠频率比

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Speculations on the mechanisms for the formation and breakup of supercontinents

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Geoscience Frontiers 2013年第2期4卷 185-194页

作者： j.Brendan Murphy R.damian Nance Department of Earth Sciences.St.Francis Xavier University Antigonish.Nova Scotia B2G 2W5Canada Department of Geological Sciences Ohio UniversityAthensOH 45701USA

The supercontinent cycle has had a profound effect on the Earth＇s evolution since the Late Archean but our understanding of the forces responsible for its operation remains *** appear to form by two end-member processes：extroversion,in which the oceanic lithosphere surrounding the supercontinent（exterior ocean） is preferentially subducted（***）,and introversion in which the oceanic lithosphere formed between dispersing fragments of the previous supercontinent（interior ocean） is preferentially subducted（***）.Extroversion can be explained by ＂top-down＂ geodynamics, in which a supercontinent breaks up over a geoid high and amalgamates above a geoid low. Introversion,on the other hand,requires that the combined forces of slab-pull and ridge push（which operate in concert after supercontinent break-up） must be overcome in order to enable the previously dispersing continents to turn *** may begin when subduction zones are initiated along boundaries between the interior and exterior oceans and become trapped within the interior *** speculate that the reversal in continental motion required for introversion may be induced by slab avalanche events that trigger the rise of superplumes from the core-mantle boundary.

关键词： Supercontinent cycle Introversion Extroversion Pangea Rodinia Pannotia

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Origins of the supercontinent cycle

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Geoscience Frontiers 2013年第4期4卷 439-448页

作者： R.damian Nance j.Brendan Murphy Department of Geological Sciences.316 Clippinger Laboratories.Ohio University.Athens.OH 45701.USA Department of Earth Sciences st.Francis Xavier UniversityAntigonishNova Scotia B2G 2W5.Canada

The supercontinent cycle, by which Earth history is seen as having been punctuated by the episodic assembly and breakup of supercontinents, has influenced the rock record more than any other geologic phenomena, and its recognition is arguably the most important advance in Earth Science since plate tectonics. It documents fundamental aspects of the planet＇s interior dynamics and has charted the course of Earth＇s tectonic, climatic and biogeochemical evolution for billions of years. But while the widespread realization of the importance of supercontinents in Earth history is a relatively recent development, the supercontinent cycle was first proposed thirty years ago and episodicity in tectonic processes was recognized long before plate tectonics provided a potential explanation for its occurrence. With interest in the supercontinent cycle gaining momentum and the literature expanding rapidly, it is instructive to recall the historical context from which the concept developed. Here we examine the supercontinent cycle from this perspective by tracing its development from the early recognition of long-term epi- sodicity in tectonic processes, through the identification of tectonic cycles following the advent of plate tectonics, to the first realization that these phenomena were the manifestation of episodic superconti- nent assembly and breakup.

关键词： Supercontinent cyclePlate tectonicsTectonic episodicitySecular trends

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"Miles wide and miles deep"-Exploring the depth and breadth of geoscience during the first ten years of Geoscience Frontiers

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第3期10卷 1219-1221页

作者： Christopher j. Spencer Nick M.W.Roberts damian Nance The Institute of Geoscience Research (TIGeR) School of Earth and Planetary Sciences Curtin University NERC Isotope Geosciences Laboratory British Geological Survey Department of Geological Sciences Ohio University Department of Geology and Geophysics Yale University

When early explorers first crossed the Platte River in what is now Nebraska (USA), it was said the river was “a mile wide and an inch deep”(Mokler, 1923;Smith, 1971). This phrase was used to describe not only the difficulty in crossing the river but also in navigating its length. The trouble with a river being too wide is the risk that it won’t provide the depth necessary to be useful. The same thing can be said of multidisciplinary scientific j.urnals. While a j.urnal can claim to be multidisciplinary, there is a risk of it being so broad that its articles can only engage the reader at a superficial level. Nothing could be further from the truth with Geoscience Frontiers. Over the past ten years, this j.urnal has successfully navigated the wide breadth of geoscience while providing a level of depth and detail that rivals discipline-specific j.urnals.

关键词： engage its was can past be is now

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Estrogen,male dominance and esophageal adenocarcinoma:Is there a link?

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World j.urnal of Gastroenterology 2012年第5期18卷 393-400页

作者： Huiqi Yang Olga A Sukocheva damian j.Hussey David I Watson Huiqi Yang Olga A Sukocheva Damian Hussey DavidI Watson Department of Surgery Flinders Medical CentreFlinders University Bedford Park South Australia 5042 Australia Flinders Centre for Cancer Prevention and Control FlindersMedical Centre Bedford Park South Australia 5042

Esophageal adenocarcinoma is a cancer with poor prognosis,and its incidence has risen sharply over recent *** is a maj.r risk factor for developing this cancer and there is a clear male gender bias in the incidence that cannot be fully explained by known risk *** is possible that a difference in the expression of estrogen,or its signaling axes,may contribute to this gender *** undertook a comprehensive literature search and analyzed the available data regarding estrogen and estrogen receptor expression,and the possible sex-specific links with esophageal adenocarcinoma *** relevant associations between visceral vs subcutaneous fat deposition and estrogen expression,and the effect of crosstalk between estrogen and leptin signaling were *** also found limited studies suggesting a role for estrogen receptor β expression in esophageal adenocarcinoma *** current literature supports speculation on an etiological role for estrogen in the male gender bias in esophageal adenocarcinoma,but further studies are required.

关键词：雌激素受体腺癌食管男性危险因素文献检索受体表达脂肪沉积

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Can active late-type stars contribute to the Galactic lithium abundance?

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2020年第7期20卷 127-133页

作者： Darnell E.Kelly damian j.Christian Mihalis Mathioudakis Darko j.vremovi′c Department of Physics and Astronomy California State UniversityNorthridgeCA 91330-8268USA Astrophysics Research Centre School of Mathematics and PhysicsQueen’s University BelfastBelfast BT71NNUK Astronomical Observatory Volgina 711060 BelgradeSerbia

Lithium abundances in our Galaxy and especially 6 Li abundances provide important constraints on our understanding of Big Bang Nucleosynthesis(BBNS),stellar evolution and the creation of light elements by cosmic rays in the ISM.~6 Li has been detected in energetic solar events,one chromospherically active binary and several dwarf halo *** our work on active late-type stars with high lithium abundances,we expand our study to consider if the flare origin of lithium created by spallation can contribute significantly to the Galactic abundance of *** previously derived ~6 Li/~7 Li=0.030 ± 0.010 for active K dwarf Gj.117 using VLT UVES *** find^6 Li/~7 Li ratios of 0.02 and 0.10 for two other stars in our sample,Gj.182 and EUVE j.145-55.3 A,*** that these later type,active stars have significant flare rates and stellar winds,we have estimated the contribution of these stars to the Galactic lithium *** that K and M stars comprise over 84% of our Galaxy and that many of these can have significant stellar winds,we conclude that spallation in stellar flares can contribute 1% and up to 5% of the Galactic lithium abundance.

关键词： stars:abundances stars:activity Galaxy:abundances

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