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Human biomonitoring of novel brominated flame retardants:A review on invasive and non-invasive biomarkers

Emerging Contaminants 2024年第3期10卷 374-385页

作者： Oluwatoyin M.Olagoke Temilola O.Oluseyi Kelechi L.Njoku Stuart Harrad Mohamed Abou-Elwafa abdallah Department of Cell Biology and Genetics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of LagosAkokaLagos101017Nigeria Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversity of LagosAkokaLagos101017Nigeria School of Geography Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamB152TTUnited Kingdom

Novel brominated flame retardants(NBFRs)are a group of chemicals applied mainly as alternatives to the phased-out polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs).However,toxicological studies show that NBFRs may pose health risks similar to *** present study reviews available information on the biomonitoring of NBFRs and their metabolites in humans through invasive and non-invasive biomarkers,as well as the toxicological effects of these chemicals both in vivo and in *** general,higher concentrations of NBFRs were reported in tissues of occupationally exposed adults from NBFR production facilities,e-waste recycling facilities and inhabitants living close to these areas,compared to the general *** is worth noting that NBFR human biomonitoring data are limited to few countries located in North America,Europe and Asia,while data from developing countries are *** from in vivo and in vitro toxicity studies show that several NBFRs can cause adverse health effects through various modes of action,mainly:hormone disruption,genotoxicity,endocrine disruption,and behavioural *** few studies have investigated the biotransformation of NBFRs in humans,evidence suggests that the toxicity of some NBFRs may be augmented through their metabolites,as in the case of 2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoic acid(TBBA),which may exhibit higher toxicity than its parent compound 2-ethylhexyl-2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoate(EH-TBB).More research is required to assess toxicity thresholds,toxic endpoints,and tolerable intakes for various NBFRs,and their metabolites in *** epidemiological studies are highly recommended to further understand the risk arising from human exposure to different NBFRs,particularly in occupational settings.

关键词： NBFRs Human biomonitoring Human exposure Biomarkers Metabolites

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The Current Conservation Efforts and Future Prospects for the Endangered Nubian Ibex (Capra nubiana ibex) in Sudan

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第1期15卷 39-62页

作者： Lubna Mohammed abdallah Hassan Mutasim Essa abdallah Adam Latifa Altigani Adam Abakar Nasir Yousif Gaboush Brema Wildlife Research Center Animal Resource Research Corporation Ministry of Animal Resources and Fisheries Bahri Sudan Sudanese Wildlife Society Bahri Khartoum Sudan Department of Wildlife—Central Darfur State Faculty of Forestry Sciences University of Zalingei Zalingei Sudan

A comprehensive action plan for the conservation of the endangered species, the Nubian ibex in Sudan, can be developed by gaining a thorough understanding of their current status, conservation strategy, and relevant laws and regulations, as well as raising awareness about the importance of protecting endangered species. The Nubian ibex is listed as an endangered species on The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List, highlighting the need for further research on population conservation efforts due to insufficient population data. To address this knowledge gap, a questionnaire was conducted with various stakeholders, including police officers, researchers, and lecturers, representing a diverse range of organizations and universities. The findings revealed that hunting is the primary factor contributing to endangerment. Mammals account for 80% of endangered species, while reptiles comprise less than one-tenth. Research centers are recognized as the main governing body, and 85% of participants are concerned about the declining population. Hunting accounted for less than half of the threats to the ibex population in Sudan, while habitat loss made up a quarter. Mining, climate change, human activity, and agriculture were also identified as risks. However, there were no plans, strategies, procedures, or measures in place to conserve the Nubian ibex. There were also no initiatives to preserve its biodiversity, and awareness about endangered species was lacking. Although participants believed that laws were effective in protecting the ibex, no licenses were issued for its conservation, and annual surveys were not conducted. Additionally, there were no recorded instances of Mukhalfat related to the Nubian ibex. In light of these findings, we propose various conservation measures to address these challenges. These measures include the implementation of laws and regulations, conducting annual surveys to monitor population trends, protecting habitats, est

关键词： Nubian Ibex Sudan Endangered Species Conservation Status Law Regulations Awareness

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Bird Habitats in Urban Environments: A Case from an Urban Landfill in and around Tayba Al Hasanab Landfill, Khartoum, Sudan

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第8期15卷 887-905页

作者： Mutasim Essa abdallah Adam Mawya Ahmed Elshafea Mohamed Department of Biodiversity Higher Council of Environment Urban and Rural Promotion Khartoum Sudan Department of Environmental Impact Assessment and Authorization Higher Council of Environment Urban and Rural Promotion Khartoum Sudan

Managed open landfill sites can serve as crucial feeding grounds for birds. Studies have demonstrated that garbage dumps offer favorable feeding habitats for various trophic generalist species, including storks and scavenger raptors. This study aimed to assess bird diversity and abundance in and around Tayba Al Hasanab Landfill, Khartoum. A bird census was conducted using block counts in January 2021. A questionnaire complemented field observations, and interviews were conducted with landfill authorities and waste collectors to gather information on bird availability, numbers, and diversity. During the block counts, 23 bird species were recorded inside and around the landfill. These species directly relied on food resources available at and around the landfill, belonging to 8 orders and 11 families. The four most abundant species foraging at the landfill were Sparrow House (Passer domesticus) with 97 individuals, Black kite (Milvus migrans) with 67 individuals, cattle egret (Bubulcus ibis) with 42 individuals, and Laughing Dove (Spilopelia senegalensis) with 36 individuals. This suggests that these species are the primary exploiters of food resources at the landfill. The results indicate that all species are considered least concerned except the Egyptian Vulture (Neophron percnopterus), which is classified as endangered. Most of the interviewed individuals reported seeing birds in the study area. The study recorded instances of dead birds, such as a white stork colliding and being electrocuted with a transition line observed at different sites along transmission lines near the landfill. Surveys around Tayba landfill need to be conducted to identify deadly power lines for replacement or implement possible mitigation measures on power lines running parallel and close to the Tayba landfills. The avian community foraging at the landfill displayed fluctuations in abundance and interspecific interactions across seasons. Given that the substantial influx of birds to landfi

关键词： Bird Diversity Block Counts Endangered Species Collisions Electrocutions Landfill Management

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测量套管腐蚀以延长其使用寿命

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国外测井技术 2014年第4期34卷 68-77页

作者： dalia abdallah Mohamed Fahim Khaled AI-Hendi Mohannad AI-Muhailan Adel Abdulla AI-Khalaf Zaid AI-Kindi Abdulmohsen S.AI-Kuait Hassan B.AI-Qahtani Nausha Asrar 斯伦贝谢油田新技术

对于石油天然气行业，腐蚀问题已经不是一项新的挑战，油气生产者正在不断的寻找新的方法控制腐蚀。专家们在腐蚀监测的几个方面都取得了新的进展。这些新技术的应用将可帮助油气作业者优化基础设施的使用，使产量达到最大化；并使得对... 详细信息

对于石油天然气行业，腐蚀问题已经不是一项新的挑战，油气生产者正在不断的寻找新的方法控制腐蚀。专家们在腐蚀监测的几个方面都取得了新的进展。这些新技术的应用将可帮助油气作业者优化基础设施的使用，使产量达到最大化；并使得对环境的影响达到最小化。

关键词：科威特石油公司套管腐蚀作业者德克萨斯州井径仪陆上石油检测仪套管柱腐蚀情况油管柱

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Sodium nitroprusside as a signal molecule for up-regulating membrane characteristics,antioxidant defense system to improve flax productivity under water stress

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Oil Crop Science 2024年第3期9卷 160-169页

作者： N.M.Al-Ashkar B.A.Bakry H.M.S.El-Bassiouny M.M.S.abdallah M.S.Sadak Botany Department Agricultural and Biological Research InstituteNational Research Centre33 El Bohouth Street P.O.12622DokkiGizaEgypt Field Crops Research Department Agricultural and Biological Research InstituteNational Research Centre33 El Bohouth Street P.O.12622DokkiGizaEgypt

Water stress is a critical environmental adversity that significantly impacts the growth,development,and yield of flax *** this study,flax seeds were cultivated under different water irrigation requirements(WIR)(100%,75%,and 50%)to investigate the effects of exogenously supplied nitric oxide(NO)donor sodium nitroprusside(SNP)as foliar treatments at concentrations of 0.0 mmol/L,0.5 mmol/L,1.0 mmol/L,and 2.0 mmol/*** stress led to a significant decrease in plant growth,photosynthetic pigments,yield components such as oil and total carbohydrate *** also resulted in an increase in leaf H2O2 production,lipid peroxidation levels and activities of enzymatic antioxidants including polyphenol oxidase,superoxide dismutase,and nitrate reductase ***,foliar application of SNP improved photosynthetic pigments and antioxidant defense system which mitigated the negative impact of water stress on growth and yield productivity by reducing oxidative damage caused by reactive oxygen species *** use of SNP also decreased H_(2)O_(2) accumulation levels,lipid peroxidation levels,and improved membrane *** treatment at concentration of 2 mmol/L showed superior results compared to other concentrations with extremely significant increases observed in yield characteristics such as oil content,total carbohydrate percentages,and unsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids ratio.

关键词： Flax Fatty acid Sodium nitroprusside Antioxidant enzymes Yield

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Quality of life and psychological distress in end-stage renal disease patients undergoing hemodialysis and transplantation

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World Journal of Nephrology 2024年第3期13卷 34-40页

作者： Emad A Shdaifat Firas T Abu-Sneineh abdallah M Ibrahim Community Nursing Department Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammam 1982Saudi Arabia Department of Fundamental Nursing Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammam 1982Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND Among diverse profound impacts on patients’quality of life(QoL),end-stage renal disease(ESRD)frequently results in increased levels of depression,anxiety,and *** replacement therapies such as hemodialysis(HD)and transplantation(TX)are intended to enhance QoL,although their ability to alleviate psychological distress remains *** research posits the existence of a significant correlation between negative emotional states and QoL among ESRD patients,with varying effects observed in HD and TX *** To examine the relationship between QoL and negative emotional states(depression,anxiety,and stress)and predicted QoL in various end-stage renal replacement therapy patients with *** This cross-sectional study included HD or TX patients in the Eastern Region of Saudi *** 36-item Short Form Survey and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale(DASS)was used for data collection,and correlation and regression analyses were *** The HD and TX transplantation groups showed statistically significant inverse relationships between QoL and DASS *** patients with high anxiety levels and less education scored low on the physical component summary(PCS).In addition,the results of the mental component summary(MCS)were associated with reduced *** with older transplant patients,TX patients’PCS scores were lower,and depression,stress,and negative working conditions were highly correlated with MCS *** The findings of this study revealed notable connections between well-being and mental turmoil experienced by individuals undergoing HD and *** PCS of HD patients is affected by heightened levels of anxiety and lower educational attainment,while the MCS of transplant patients is influenced by advancing age and elevated stress *** insights will contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of patient support.

关键词： Anxiety Depression End-stage renal disease Hemodialysis Patient Reported Outcome Measures Psychological distress Quality of life Renal replacement therapy outcomes Saudi Arabia Stress

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Evaluating the Impacts of Human Activities on Diversity, Abundance, and Distribution of Large Mammals in Nimule National Park, South Sudan

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Open Journal of Ecology 2024年第5期14卷 483-507页

作者： abdallah Gordon Shazali Joseph Mayindo Mayele Joel Emmanuel Saburi Jubara Nadlin Department of Wildlife College of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies University of Juba Juba South Sudan Department of Environment and Natural Resources School of Forestry Environmental and Geographical Sciences College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Makerere University Kampala Uganda Department of Forestry College of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies University of Juba Juba South Sudan Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan

Globally, human activities have a significant impact on the diversity, abundance, and distribution of large mammals in Protected Areas (PAs). These disturbances increase human pressure on biodiversity and species habitats, highlighting the need for conservation. This study aimed to assess the abundance and distribution of large mammals in different habitat types within Nimule National Park (NNP) and understand the impacts of human activities on them. Data on the abundance and distribution of large mammals and their respective habitat types were collected through line transect surveys. Human activity signs were observed and recorded along the transect lines. To estimate the impacts of human activities on the diversity, abundance, and distribution of large mammal species, as well as to identify any significant differences between them and their habitat types, the study utilized the Kruskal Wallis test, Polynomial multiple regressions, and diversity indices. The findings from the Shannon-Weiner and Simpson indices indicated that large mammal species were more diverse inside the park (H’ = 1.136;D = 0.570) compared to the buffer zone (H’ = 0.413;D = 0.171), with 85% (443 out of 510 samples) recorded within Nimule National Park. The species abundance showed a semi-balanced status (0.58). The diversity results among different habitat types revealed that large mammals were more diverse and highly distributed in both open woodlands (244) and dense woodlands (192), while riverine vegetation had the lowest diversity (8). Statistical tests demonstrated a highly significant difference at a 99% confidence interval (p-value = 0.01) between habitat types and identified species of large mammals. Additionally, the results highlighted the high abundance of Uganda kob (274), baboons (141), and warthog (57) across most habitat types, accounting for at least 75% of their distribution. The most prevalent human activities observed were cattle footprints (27%) and cattle dung (14%). Human

关键词： Diversity of Large Mammals Abundance and Distribution Impacts Biodiversity Conservation Human Activities Nimule National Park South Sudan

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Advancing Early Detection of Colorectal Adenomatous Polyps via Genetic Data Analysis: A Hybrid Machine Learning Approach

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2024年第7期12卷 23-38页

作者： Ahmed S. Maklad Mohamed A. Mahdy Amer Malki Noboru Niki abdallah A. Mohamed Computer Science Department College of Computer Science and Engineering in Yanbu Taibah University Medina Saudi Arabia Information Systems Department Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence Beni-Suef University Beni-Suif Egypt Computer Science Department Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence Beni-Suef University Beni-Suif Egypt Institute of Advanced Science and Technology Tokushima University Tokushima Japan Information Systems Department College of Computer Science and Engineering in Yanbu Taibah University Medina Saudi Arabia Mathematics and Computer Science Department Faculty of Science Menoufia University Menoufia Egypt

In this study, a hybrid machine learning (HML)-based approach, incorporating Genetic data analysis (GDA), is proposed to accurately identify the presence of adenomatous colorectal polyps (ACRP) which is a crucial early detector of colorectal cancer (CRC). The present study develops a classification ensemble model based on tuned hyperparameters. Surpassing accuracy percentages of early detection approaches used in previous studies, the current method exhibits exceptional performance in identifying ACRP and diagnosing CRC, overcoming limitations of CRC traditional methods that are based on error-prone manual examination. Particularly, the method demonstrates the following CRP identification accuracy data: 97.7 ± 1.1, precision: 94.3 ± 5, recall: 96.0 ± 3, F1-score: 95.7 ± 4, specificity: 97.3 ± 1.2, average AUC: 0.97.3 ± 0.02, and average p-value: 0.0425 ± 0.07. The findings underscore the potential of this method for early detection of ACRP as well as clinical use in the development of CRC treatment planning strategies. The advantages of this approach are highly expected to contribute to the prevention and reduction of CRC mortality.

关键词： Colorectal Adenoma Detection Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis Hybrid Machine Learning Genetics Analysis

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Thermomechanical Characterization of Three Soils of Abeche in Chad

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Open Journal of Civil Engineering 2024年第3期14卷 348-362页

作者： Mahamat Saleh Abdel-Khadir abdallah Dadi Mahamat Abderahman Adoum Oumar Mahamoud Youssouf Khayal Salif Gaye Energy and Materials Research Laboratory (LREM-INSTA) National Higher Institute of Science and Technology of Abch Abch Chad Faculty of Physics University of NDjamena NDjamena Chad Laboratory of Energy Electricity and Economic Materials (LM3E) Iba Der Thiam University of This This Senegal

The study carried out concerns the valorization of agricultural waste for the development of biosourced materials that can be used as insulation in homes. This article is devoted to the influence of gum arabic on the mechanical and thermal properties of clay soils in the town of Abéché. The mechanical tests were carried out using the CBR press equipped with two devices (bending device and compression device). Thermal property such as thermal conductivity was determined by the hot wire method and thermal resistance was derived by calculation. Thus, the tests were carried out on test pieces made from a mixture of clay and gum arabic in solution. The experimental program includes seven formulations (0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10% and 12%). The results obtained showed that the best flexural and compressive strengths are obtained by using gum arabic with a rate of 8% and a maximum stress of 4.3 MPa. In addition, the thermal results also showed that the thermal conductivity decreases when the percentage of gum arabic increases, which makes it possible to increase the thermal resistance, thus confirming the capacity of gum arabic to provide thermal insulation.

关键词： Soils Mechanical Characterization Thermal Characterization Thermal Conductivity Thermal Resistance

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Thermophysical Characterization of Local Materials from a Locality in Chad for Use in Eco-Building

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Open Journal of Civil Engineering 2024年第3期14卷 486-497页

作者： Abderahman Adoum Oumar Malloum Soultan abdallah Dadi Togdjim Jonas Mahamat Saleh Abdel-Khadir Mahamoud Youssouf Khayal Salif Gaye Laboratoire de Recherche en Energtique et Matriaux (LREM) de lINSTA Institut National Suprieur des Sciences et Techniques dAbch Abch Chad Ecole Doctorale Science Technique et Environnement Universit de NDjamena NDjamena Tchad Laboratoire CABET (Construction Alternative Basse Energie au Tchad) NDjamena Chad Laboratoire de Matriaux dnergtique dlectricit et dconomie (LM3E) Universit Iba Der Thiam de This This Sngal

With the aim of enhancing the value of local building materials, the subject of this paper is a thermophysical study of natural Chadian clay from the eastern region of Chad, “Abeche”. Samples were taken from a brickwork in Abeche from a depth of 1 m, then using a clay brick-making press, 4 × 5 × 8 cm3 clay test tubes were made with 2%, 4%, 6% and 8% cow dung, and a 100% clay sample was used as a control. These samples underwent thermophysical characterization using the hot-wire method with a hot-plane option, yielding results that could improve thermophysical performance. The thermal conductivity of the test sample is in the order of 0.715 to 0.420 W/m. K, at 8% for cow dung, so the addition of cow dung as a percentage in the clay matrix enabled us to obtain various satisfactory thermal parameters.

关键词： Soils Characterization Thermophysical Local Building

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