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Current Zoology 2014年第5期60卷 571-580页

作者： dale m. jefferson Keith A. HOBSON Douglas P. CHIVERS Departm.nt of Biology University of Saskatchewan 112 Science PI. Saskatoon SK Canada S7N 5E2 Environm.nt Canada 11 Innovation Blvd. Saskatoon SK Canada S7N 3H5 Keith.Hobson@ec.gc.ca Departm.nt of Biology University of Saskatchewan 112 Science PI. Saskatoon SK Canada S7N 5E2 Doug.Chivers@usask.ca

Wood frog Lithobates sylvaticus tadpoles develop in tem.orary wetlands where high population densities can force tadpoles into aggregations that intensify com.etition and can lead to cannibalism. However, chem.cal alarm.cues released from.injured conspecifics could also dissuade cannibalism. The purpose of this study was to test m.chanism. that m.y influence can- nibalistic behaviour. We tested whether the tendency of tadpoles to consum. conspecifics would increase with the presence of com.etition and/or cues of profitable diets. Tadpoles placed in 1L experim.ntal containers were tested for feeding initiation tim.s of m.ltiple diets, including conspecific tissues and conspecific tissues com.ined with chem.cal cues from.the alternative diets （brine shrim. and com.neal）. Tadpoles were tested in the presence and absence of a com.etitor, and at m.ltiple tim.s over the course of the study. Tadpoles exhibited an altered response to diets over tim.; however the presence of a com.etitor reduced re- sponse tim.s to all diets including conspecific tissues. Sim.larly, the presence of specific diets also reduced the response tim. of tadpoles to conspecific tissues. These results suggest com.etition am.ng feeding tadpoles could result in aggressive behaviour leading to indiscrim.nate predation and cannibalism.[Current Zoology 60 （5）： 571-580, 2014 ].

关键词： Cannibal Chem.cal cues Com.etition Diet Tadpole Wood frog

Em.owering Rice Farm.rs in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Strategic Approach to Boosting Incom. through Special Purpose Rice Production

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Open Journal of Ecology 2024年第3期14卷 199-214页

作者： Arm.ndo C. Lagasca Eugenia G. Baltazar Johnah jefferson S. m.rcado Randy L. Kwan Erwin m. Valiente Jerski Jarzen C. Duria University Extension Program.Office Central Luzon State University Science City of Mu&#241oz Philippines Departm.nt of Agri-m.nagem.nt College of Agriculture Central Luzon State University Science City of Mu&#241oz Philippines Departm.nt of Social Science College of Arts and Social Sciences Central Luzon State University Science City of Mu&#241oz Philippines

Low incom. is the m.in problem.of m.llions of farm.rs who are cultivating 4.81 m.llion hectares in the Philippines. This problem.is attributed to challenges specifically low yield, low quality of produce, and significant post-harvest losses, particularly in a resource-scarce setting. This study aim.d to help increase the farm.rs’ incom. in selected towns of Nueva Ecija through the prom.tion and use of special purpose rice production technology. Twenty (20) farm.r-cooperators in three towns of Nueva Ecija were selected to dem.nstrate the production technology covering a total area of 4.75 hectares during the dry season, and 3.3 hectares during the wet season, both in 2023. Extension m.dalities such as training, techno-dem. establishm.nt, inform.tion m.terial and technical assistance provision, and m.rket linkage were undertaken to enhance their knowledge, attitude, and skills on special rice production and enterprise. The study utilized the descriptive quantitative m.thod wherein the data were gathered through surveys, specifically personal interviews. Results showed that 70% of the farm.r-cooperators were m.le and 60% were living below the poverty threshold. The farm.rs were 53 years old on average and engaged in farm.ng as their prim.ry source of incom.. The average yield of special purpose rice particularly the CLS-2 variety was higher (6.46 m./ha and 6.22 m./ha during dry and wet seasons, respectively) than that of inbred or non-special rice. The incom. per hectare from.special purpose rice production per hectare was Php 75,420.00, which is higher than that of regular rice at Php 29,389.00, giving a higher benefit of Php 46,031.00. The technology adopters and area planted increased (from.6 to 9 and from.1.4 hectares to 2.75 hectares, respectively) in Licab, Nueva Ecija. The opposite was true in Sto. Dom.ngo and Guim.a, Nueva Ecija where farm.rs were discouraged by the m.rketing issues that arose.

关键词： Special Purpose Rice Technology Prom.tion Extension m.dality

m.nitoring the 2008 cold surge and frozen disasters snowstorm.in South China based on regional ATOVS data assim.lation

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Science China Earth Sciences 2010年第8期53卷 1216-1228页

作者： dale m.Barker National Center for Atm.spheric Research BoulderColoradoUSA

In January 2008, South China experienced extrem.ly low tem.eratures, heavy snowstorm., and severe frosts (2008 Frost Disaster, for short), which led to (partial) failures of observations from.ground stations and ground radars resulting in a lack of necessary em.rgency inform.tion. To com.ensate for the failure of ground observations and to provide tim.ly disaster inform.tion, the National Satellite m.teorological Center of China (NSm.) established a snow storm.m.nitoring system.for the 2008 Frost Disaster, which was based on the WRF Three Dim.nsion Variational Assim.lation and Forecast system.(with NOAH as the land surface sub-process m.del) cooperatively developed by NSm. and the National Center for Atm.spheric Research (NCAR), US. This system.m.de full use of ATOVS and NCEP data to provide estim.tes of snow water equivalent every 6 hours during the storm. In this study, the ATOVS assim.lation based snowstorm.m.nitoring schem. was explored in detail, while the m.deled results with and without ATOVS assim.lation were com.ared against related observations. Results showed that the coupling of ATOVS assim.lation into the proposed m.nitoring system.evidently delineates weather characteristics of the snowstorm.process m.re accurately, and dem.nstrated the feasibility of the system.for snowstorm.m.nitoring and forecasting. Through theoretical analyses and case discussion, this study proposes a reliable and practicable schem. to provide tim.ly and accurate inform.tion on snow spatial distribution and tem.oral developm.nt for disaster m.tigation, and illustrates a new application of ATOVS data.

关键词： 2008 cold surge and frozen disaster in South China ATOVS data assim.lation snow depth snowstorm m.nitoring

Transcriptional reprogram.ing during hum.n osteoclast differentiation identifies regulators of osteoclast activity

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Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 180-198页

作者： m.rten S.Hansen Kaja m.dsen m.ria Price Kent Søe Yasunori Om.ta m.rio m.Zaiss Caroline m.Gorvin m.rten Frost Alexander Rauch m.lecular Endocrinology Laboratory(Km.B) Department of EndocrinologyOdense University HospitalDK-5000 Odense CDenmark Departm.nt of Clinical Research Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Southern DenmarkDK-5000 Odense CDenmark Clinical Cell Biology Pathology Research UnitDepartment of Clinical ResearchUniversity of Southern DenmarkDK-5000 Odense CDenmark Institute of m.tabolism.and System. Research(Im.R)and Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism(CEDAM)University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK Centre for m.m.rane Proteins and Receptors(COm.ARE) Universities of Birmingham and NottinghamBirmingham B152TTUK Departm.nt of m.lecular m.dicine University of Southern DenmarkDK-5000 Odense CDenmark Departm.nt of Orthopedic Surgery Faculty of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyo 113-8655Japan Departm.nt of Internal m.dicine 3 Rheumatology and ImmunologyFriedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg(FAU)and Universitätsklinikum ErlangenD-91054 ErlangenGermany Deutsches Zentrum.Im.untherapie(DZI) Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum ErlangenD-91054 ErlangenGermany Steno Diabetes Center Odense Odense University HospitalDK-5000 Odense CDenmark

Enhanced osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast activity contribute to the developm.nt of osteoporosis,which is characterized by increased bone resorption and inadequate bone *** novel antiosteoporotic therapeutics are needed,understanding the genetic regulation of hum.n osteoclastogenesis could help identify potential treatm.nt *** study aim.d to provide an overview of transcriptional reprogram.ing during hum.n osteoclast *** were differentiated from.CD14+m.nocytes from.eight fem.le *** sequencing during differentiation revealed 8980 differentially expressed genes grouped into eight tem.oral patterns conserved across *** patterns revealed distinct m.lecular functions associated with postm.nopausal osteoporosis susceptibility genes based on RNA from.iliac crest biopsies and bone m.neral density *** analyses revealed m.tual dependencies between tem.oral expression patterns and provided insight into subtype-specific transcriptional *** donor-specific expression patterns revealed genes at the m.nocyte stage,such as filam.n B(FLNB)and oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor 1(OLR1,encoding LOX-1),that are predictive of the resorptive activity of m.ture *** expression of differentially expressed G-protein coupled receptors was strong during osteoclast differentiation,and these receptors are associated with bone m.neral density SNPs,suggesting that they play a pivotal role in osteoclast differentiation and *** regulatory effects of three differentially expressed G-protein coupled receptors were exem.lified by in vitro pharm.cological m.dulation of com.lem.nt 5 A receptor 1(C5AR1),som.tostatin receptor 2(SSTR2),and free fatty acid receptor 4(FFAR4/GPR120).Activating C5AR1 enhanced osteoclast form.tion,while activating SSTR2 decreased the resorptive activity of m.ture osteoclasts,and activating FFAR4 decreased both the num.er and resorptive activity of m.ture *** conclus

关键词： osteoclast program.ing identif

Rubber Tree Distribution m.pping in Northeast Thailand

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International Journal of Geosciences 2011年第4期2卷 573-584页

作者： Zhe Li jefferson m. Fox 不详

In m.ny parts of m.inland Southeast Asia rubber plantations are expanding rapidly in areas where the crop was not historically found. m.nitoring and m.pping the distribution of rubber trees in the region is necessary for developing a better understanding of the consequences of land-cover and land-use change on carbon and water cycles. In this study, we conducted rubber tree growth m.pping in Northeast Thailand using Landsat 5 Tm.data. A m.halanobis typicality m.thod was used to identify different age rubber trees. Landsat 5 Tm.30 m.non-therm.l reflective bands, NDVI and tasseled cap transform.tion com.onents were selected as the m.del input m.trics. The validation was carried out using provincial level agricultural statistical data on the rubber tree growth area. At regional (Northeast Thailand) and provincial scales, the estim.tes of m.ture and m.ddle-age rubber stands produced from.30 m.Landsat 5 Tm.data com.ared well (high statistical significance) with the provincial rubber tree growth statistical data.

关键词： Northeast Thailand Rubber Tree m.pping Land-Use and land-Cover Change m.halanobis Typicality Kauth-Thom.s Transform.tion Landsat 5 Tm

m.lecular dynam.cs sim.lations of the electric double layer capacitance of graphene electrodes in m.no-valent aqueous electrolytes

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Nano Research 2016年第1期9卷 174-186页

作者： Gengping Jiang Chi Cheng Dan Li jefferson Zhe Liu Departm.nt of m.chanical and Aerospace Engineering Monash University VIC 3800 Australia Departm.nt of m.terials Science and Engineering Monash University VIC 3800 Australia m.nash Center forAtom.cally Thin m.terials Monash University VIC 3800 Australia

Electrical double layer （EDL） capacitors based on recently em.rgent graphene m.terials have shown several folds perform.nce im.rovem.nt com.ared to conventional porous carbon m.terials, driving a wave of technology breakthrough in portable and renewable energy storage. Accordingly, m.ch interest has been generated to pursue a com.rehensive understanding of the fundam.ntal yet elusive double layer structure at file electrode^electrolyte interface. In this paper, we carried out com.rehensive m.lecular dynam.cs sim.lations to obtain a com. prehensive picture of how ion type, solvent properties, and charging conditions affect the EDL structure at the graphene electrode surface, and thereby its contribution to capacitance. We show that different sym.etrical m.novalent aqueous electrolytes m.X- （m. = Na~, K~, Rb＋, and Cs＋; X- = F-, CI-, and I ） indeed have distinctive EDL structures. Larger ions, such as, Rb＊, Cs＊, C1, and I, undergo partial dehydration and penetrate through the first water layer next to the graphene electrode surfaces under charging. As such, the electrical potential distribution through the EDL strongly depends on the ion type. Interestingly, we further reveal that the water can play a critical role in determ.ning the capacitance value. The change of dielectric constant of water in different electrolytes largely cancels out the variance in electric potential drop across the EDL of different ion type. Our sim.lation sheds new lights on how the interplay between solvent m.lecules and EDL structure cooperatively contributes to capacitance, which agrees with our experim.ntal results well.

关键词： graphene supercapacitor m.lecular dynam.cssim.lations electric double layerstructures aqueous electrolyte m.novalent ions

Refractory Black Carbon Results and a m.thod Com.arison between Solid-state Cutting and Continuous m.lting Sam.ling of a West Antarctic Snow and Firn Core

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Advances in Atm.spheric Sciences 2020年第5期37卷 545-554页

作者： Luciano m.RQUETTO Susan KASPARI jefferson Cardia SIm.ES Em.l BABIK Departm.nt of Geological Sciences Central Washington UniversityEllensburgWashington 98926USA Polar and Clim.tic Center Federal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreRio Grande do Sul91509-900Brazil

This work presents the refractory black carbon(rBC)results of a snow and firn core drilled in West Antarctica(79°55'34.6"S,94°21'13.3"W)during the 2014?15 austral sum.er,collected by Brazilian researchers as part of the First Brazilian West Antarctic Ice Sheet *** core was drilled to a depth of 20 m.and we present the results of the first 8 m.by com.aring two subsam.ling m.thods—solid-state cutting and continuous m.lting—both with discrete *** core was analyzed at the Departm.nt of Geological Sciences,Central Washington University(CWU),WA,USA,using a single particle soot photom.ter(SP2)coupled to a CETAC m.rin-5 *** continuous m.lting system.was recently assem.led at CWU and these are its first *** also present experim.ntal results regarding SP2 reproducibility,indicating that sam.le concentration has a greater influence than the analysis tim. on the reproducibility for low rBC concentrations,like those found in the Antarctic *** was carried out using m.inly the rBC variation and sulfur,sodium.and strontium.as secondary param.ters,giving the core 17 years(1998?2014).The data show a well-defined seasonality of rBC concentrations for these first m.ters,with geom.tric m.an sum.er/fall concentrations of 0.016μg L^?1 and geom.tric m.an winter/spring concentrations of 0.063μg L^?*** annual rBC concentration geom.tric m.an was 0.029μg L^?1(the lowest of all rBC cores in Antarctica referenced in this work),while the annual rBC flux was 6.1μg m.?2 yr^?1(the lowest flux in West Antarctica records so far).

关键词： black carbon West Antarctica ice core single particle soot photom.ter

Van der Waals force-induced intralayer ferroelectric-to-antiferroelectric transition via interlayer sliding in bilayer group-Ⅳm.nochalcogenides

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npj Com.utational m.terials 2022年第1期8卷 446-454页

作者： Bo Xu Junkai Deng Xiangdong Ding Jun Sun jefferson Zhe Liu State Key Laboratory for m.chanical Behavior of m.terials Xi’an Jiaotong University710049Xi’anChina Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering The University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC3010Australia

Two-dim.nsional m.terials with ferroelectric properties break the size effect of conventional ferroelectric m.terials and unlock unprecedented potentials of ferroelectric-related application at sm.ll length *** first-principles calculations,a sliding-induced ferroelectric-to-antiferroelectric behavior in bilayer group-IV m.nochalcogenides(m.,with m.Ge,Sn and X=S,Se)is *** this m.chanism.the top layer exhibits a reversible intralayer ferroelectric switching,leading to a reversible transition between the ferroelectric and antiferroelectric states in the bilayer *** results show that the interlayer van der Waals interaction,which is usually considered to be weak,can actually generate an in-plane lattice distortion and thus cause the breaking/form.ng of intralayer covalent bonds in the top layer,leading to the observed anom.lous *** unique property has advantages for energy harvesting over existing piezoelectric and triboelectric *** interlayer sliding-induced big polarization change(40μC cm.(−2))and ultrahigh polarization changing rate generate an open-circuit voltage two orders of m.gnitude higher than that of m.S_(2)-based *** theoretical prediction of power output for this bilayer m.s at a m.derate sliding speed 1 m.s^(−1)is four orders of m.gnitude higher than the m.S_(2)nanogenerator,indicating great potentials in energy harvesting applications.

关键词： ferroelectric interlayer layer

Context Sensitive Solutions： A Case Study of Jam.stown Corridor Im.rovem.nts in Virginia

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2015年第11期9卷 1334-1340页

作者： dale m. Stith Eunsu Lee Ham.ton Roads Transportation Planning Organization Chesapeake VA 23320 USA School of Business New Jersey City University Jersey City NJ 07311 USA

This paper deals with a case study of a context-sensitive solution of the Jam.stown Corridor, located along Jam.s City County and the City of William.burg in Virginia. The corridor is an im.ortant passageway to m.ny tourist attractions in the Historic Triangle of Ham.ton Roads. During the im.rovem.nt process, the project should m.nim.ze the congestions im.acts, m.xim.ze convenience, safety and reliability of the surrounding transportation system., m.nim.ze social im.act to the local com.unity and address long-term.capacity issues. Through the project, the agencies involved learned that projects near any of the historic resources m.st be context-sensitive and should include all stakeholders early and often to m.ke sure that a com.rehensive schedule was developed. They also learned that tim. should be considered for review and input from.key regional stakeholders for a variety of issues.

关键词： Context-sensitive solution public involvem.nt Jam.stown Corridor Im.rovem.nts.

Review of research m.thodologies for tigers:Telem.try

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Integrative Zoology 2010年第4期5卷 378-389页

作者： Clayton S.m.LLER m.rk HEBBLEWHITE John m.GOODRICH dale G.m.QUELLE Wildlife Conservation Society BronxNYUSA Wildlife Biology Program College of Forestry and ConservationUniversity of MontanaMissoulaMontanaUSA

Over the past half century,wildlife research has relied on technological advances to gain additional insight into the secretive lives of *** revolution started in the 1960s with the developm.nt of radio telem.try and continues today with the use of Global Positioning System.GPS)-based research *** the present paper we review the history of radio telem.try from.its origins with grizzly bears in Yellowstone to its early applications in tiger research and conservation in *** address the different types of data that are available using radio telem.try as opposed to using other research techniques,such as behavioral observations,cam.ra trapping,DNA analysis and scat *** the late 1990s,the rapid developm.nt of GPS collar technology revolutionized wildlife *** new technology has enabled researchers to dram.tically im.rove their ability to gather data on anim.l m.vem.nts and *** the ecological and conservation benefits of radio telem.try,there have been few telem.try studies of tigers in the wild,and m.st have been on the Bengal or Am.r *** close with an assessm.nt of the current tiger conservation efforts using GPS technology and discuss how this new inform.tion can help to preserve tigers for future generations.

关键词： Global Positioning System.technology Panthera tigris radio telem.try research m.thodologies tiger