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Robustness Study and Superior Method Development and Validation for Analytical Assay Method of Atropine Sulfate in Pharmaceutical Ophthalmic Solution

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2024年第5期15卷 151-164页

作者： Md. Nazmus Sakib Chowdhury Sreekanta Nath dalal Md. Ariful Islam Md. Anwar Hossain Pranab Kumar Das Shakawat Hossain Parajit Das Department of Pharmacy Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University Gopalganj Bangladesh Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering University of Dhaka Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering University of Chittagong Chattogram Bangladesh Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Islamic University Kushtia Bangladesh Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering University of Rajshahi Rajshahi Bangladesh Department of Pharmacy International Islamic University Chittagong Chittagong Bangladesh Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University Gopalganj Bangladesh

Background: The robustness is a measurement of an analytical chemical method and its ability to contain unaffected by little with deliberate variation of analytical chemical method parameters. The analytical chemical method variation parameters are based on pH variability of buffer solution of mobile phase, organic ratio composition changes, stationary phase (column) manufacture, brand name and lot number variation;flow rate variation and temperature variation of chromatographic system. The analytical chemical method for assay of Atropine Sulfate conducted for robustness evaluation. The typical variation considered for mobile phase organic ratio change, change of pH, change of temperature, change of flow rate, change of column etc. Purpose: The aim of this study is to develop a cost effective, short run time and robust analytical chemical method for the assay quantification of Atropine in Pharmaceutical Ophthalmic Solution. This will help to make analytical decisions quickly for research and development scientists as well as will help with quality control product release for patient consumption. This analytical method will help to meet the market demand through quick quality control test of Atropine Ophthalmic Solution and it is very easy for maintaining (GDP) good documentation practices within the shortest period of time. Method: HPLC method has been selected for developing superior method to Compendial method. Both the compendial HPLC method and developed HPLC method was run into the same HPLC system to prove the superiority of developed method. Sensitivity, precision, reproducibility, accuracy parameters were considered for superiority of method. Mobile phase ratio change, pH of buffer solution, change of stationary phase temperature, change of flow rate and change of column were taken into consideration for robustness study of the developed method. Results: The limit of quantitation (LOQ) of developed method was much low than the compendial method. The % RSD fo

关键词： Robustness Method Validation HPLC Compendial Method Method Development GDP LOQ

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Preparation of epoxy resin/rare earth doped aluminate nanocomposite toward photoluminescent and superhydrophobic transparent woods

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Journal of Rare Earths 2023年第3期41卷 397-405,I0003页

作者： Mehrez E.El-Naggar sami Ullah S.Wageh M.A.Abu-Saied Tawfik A.Khattab dalal Alhashmialameer Manal Abou Taleb E.A.Matter Institute of Textile Research and Technology National Research CenterDokkiCairo16221Egypt Research Center for Advanced Materials Science(RCAMS) King Khalid UniversityP.O.Box 9004Abha61413Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry College of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityP.O.Box 9004Abha61413Saudi Arabia Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia K.A.CARE Energy Research and Innovation Center King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Polymeric Materials Research Department Advanced Technology and New Materials Research InstituteCity of Scientific Research and Technological Applications(SRTACITY)New Borg El-Arab CityAlexandria21934Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry College of ScienceTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry College of Science and HumanitiesPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-kharj11942Saudi Arabia Department of Polymer Chemistry National Center for Radiation Research and Technology(NCRRT)Egyptian Atomic Energy AuthorityNasr CityP.O.Box 7551Cairo11762Egypt Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceDamanhour University22111 DamanhourEgypt

A translucent wooden substrate with long-lasting phosphorescence,high photostability and durability,tough surface,ultraviolet protection,high optical transmittance,and superhydrophobicity was *** long-lasting phosphorescent wooden substrate is able to continue emitting light for extended time ***-modified wood(LMW)was immobilized with a solution of epoxy resin(ER)and rare-earth doped aluminate(REDA)phosphor nanoparticles(NPs).For an improved dispersion of pigment,REDA was synthesized in a nanoscale particle size,and characterized by transmission electron microscopy(TEM)to indicate a particle size of 8-14 *** crystal structure of REDA nanoparticles was also proved by X-ray diffraction(XRD).For an improved production of long-persistent phosphorescent colo rless woods,REDA must be well-dispersed in MAA without *** and emissio n,as well as decay and lifetime spectra were *** morphologies of the wooden substrates with different ratios of REDA were investigated by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray fluorescence(XRF)analysis,Fourier transform infrared spectra(FT-IR),elemental mapping,and energy-dispersion Xray(EDXA).The phosphorescent woods show changes in color from colorless to green under ultraviolet(UV)irradiation,and to yellowish-green in the dark,as proved by the colorimetric parameters of the CIE Lab *** afterglow wood samples display an absorbance band at 365 nm and two phosphorescent bands at 431 and 520 *** UV shielding,photostability,and hydrophobicity were *** increasing REDA ratio,both static contact and slide angles are found to improve in the ranges of147.6°-163.6°and 9°-14°,*** long-lasting photoluminescence is optimized at a REDA ratio of 8%.The present strategy shows a large-scale production approach of multiple functional woods for many potential applications,such as smart glow in the dark windows and safety signs.

关键词： Translucent wood Rare-earth doped aluminate Superhydrophobic Long-lasting light emission Ultraviolet protection

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Implementation and Evaluation of Dynamically Weighted Low Complexity Fair Queuing(DWLC-FQ) Algorithm for Packet Scheduling in WiMAX Networks

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China Communications 2016年第5期13卷 128-140页

作者： Zuber Patel Upena dalal Department of Electronics Engineering S V National Institute of Technology

Services provided by internet need guaranteed network performance. Efficient packet queuing and scheduling schemes play key role in achieving this. Internet engineering task force(IETF) has proposed Differentiated Services(Diff Serv) architecture for IP network which is based on classifying packets in to different service classes and scheduling them. Scheduling schemes of today's wireless broadband networks work on service differentiation. In this paper, we present a novel packet queue scheduling algorithm called dynamically weighted low complexity fair queuing(DWLC-FQ) which is an improvement over weighted fair queuing(WFQ) and worstcase fair weighted fair queuing+(WF2Q+). The proposed algorithm incorporates dynamic weight adjustment mechanism to cope with dynamics of data traffic such as burst and overload. It also reduces complexity associated with virtual time update and hence makes it suitable for high speed networks. Simulation results of proposed packet scheduling scheme demonstrate improvement in delay and drop rate performance for constant bit rate and video applications with very little or negligible impact on fairness.

关键词： fair queuing packet scheduling QoS virtual time WF2Q+ WFQ

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Analytical solution for concentration distribution in an open channel flow with phase exchange kinetics

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2022年第3期38卷 64-77,I0002页

作者： Swamp Barik D.C.dalal Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Technology GuwahatiGuwahati 781039India Department of Mathematics SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyChennai 603203India

This study is about an analytical attempt that explores the two-dimensional concentration distribution of a solute in an open channel *** solute undergoes reversible sorption at the channel *** method of multiple scales is used to find the two-dimensional concentration distribution,which is important for modem day application in industry,environmental risk assessment,*** deduces an analytic expression of two-dimensional concentration distribution for an open channel flow with sorptive channel *** of retention parameter,Darnkohler number on the solute dispersion are also discussed in this *** reveal that slow or strong kinetics(small value of Darnkohler number)increases solute *** is also *** for slow phase exchange kinetics between bulk flow and small retentive channel bed,solute concentration distribution will uniform faster than their inert counterpart.

关键词： Multi-scale method Dispersion coefficient Two-dimensional concentration distribution Phase exchange kinetics

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Mitigation of the impacts of electric vehicle charging on energy-star ratings for residential buildings in India

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Clean Energy 2023年第5期7卷 981-993页

作者： Rakesh dalal Devender Kumar Saini Electrical Cluster School of EngineeringUniversity of Petroleum and Energy Studies(UPES)DehradunIndia

The star-labelling programme for residential buildings was introduced by India in 2020 and applies to all residential buildings with no lower limit on the built-up area or electrical *** energy-star label for a residential building is awarded against the notified standard by the regulatory body and electric vehicles(EVs)have not been accommodated as a load for residential *** en-ergy consumption of an existing residential building is taken from a study already carried out and compared with the requirement of the Indian residential star-labelling programme with an EV as a plugged-in *** annual energy gap of 6060 kWh for the existing residential buildings considered in this study for five-star building energy labels increases to 7784 kWh if the EV load is added to the building *** residential building will lose two energy stars if it caters to the EV load and,to bridge this energy gap,the replace-ment of existing electrical appliances with five-star-rated energy appliances,employing grid-connected rooftop solar photovoltaics(PV)and retrofit of the building envelope are *** techno-economic potential of rooftop solar PV and building envelope retrofitting for existing residential buildings is explored using RETScreen®and eQUEST software,*** study establishes that the installation of rooftop solar PV can accommodate the additional load of EVs and can bridge half and three-quarters of the energy gap to achieve five energy stars for an existing building with and without EVs,*** is the most economical option among the options explored in this *** target Energy Performance Index is achievable by high-end energy consumers(12000 kWh/year)by additional measures,the replacement of inefficient electrical appliances and building envelope retrofitting in addition to the installation of rooftop solar PV.

关键词： energy conservation building code energy-star building envelope retrofit EV load

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Circadian regulation of Limulus visual functions:A role for octopamine and cAMP

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Current Zoology 2010年第5期56卷 518-536页

作者： Jasbir S.dalal Barbara-Anne BATTELLE Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience and the Departments of Neuroscience and Biology University of Florida Department of Internal Medicine and Division of Human Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center

The purpose of this contribution is to review our current understanding of the source and biochemistry of the circadian efferent input to the eyes of the American horseshoe crab Limuluspolyphemus and the impact of this input on the structure, physiology and biochemistry of Limulus eyes. Special emphasis is given to the role of the biogenic amine octopamine and bio- chemical cascades it activates in the eyes. In addition to reviewing published data, we present new data showing that octopamine elevates cAMP levels in Limulus lateral eyes, and we partially characterize the pharmacology of the receptors involved in this response. We also present new data showing that octopamine regulates gene expression in Limulus lateral eyes by activating a cAMP cascade

关键词： Horseshoe crab Circadian rhythms Oetopamine Photoreceptors Substance P Arrestin

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Treatment modalities in Duane’s Retraction Syndrome

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2020年第2期13卷 278-283页

作者： Karim A Gaballah dalal Shawky Department of Ophthalmology Helwan UniversityCairo 11731Egypt Department of Ophthalmology Alexandria UniversityAlexandria 21568Egypt

●AIM:To study the different treatment modalities needed in cases of Duane’s Retraction Syndrome(DRS).●METHODS:This prospective study undergone in more than four years,in Alexandria,included 238 patients of DRS,including type I,162 patients(68%),type II 12 patients(5%)and type III 64 patients(27%).Surgery was indicated in 98(41%)of them,to eliminate abnormal head posture,deviation of the eye in primary position,severe retraction of the globe or cosmetically unacceptable upshoot with attempted adduction.●RESULTS:Type I was the most common and type II was the *** were predominant in this study,constituting 125 patients(52.5%),and males 113 patients(47.5%).Left eye was more affected,in 110 patients(46.2%),right eye in 91 patients(38.2%)and bilateral in 37 patients(15.6%).Amblyopia was found in 27 patients(11.3%)and treated in 13 patients under 10 years of age,by patching the normal ***-eight patients(41%)were operated,the results were most satisfactory and a nomogram is followed in the surgical plan.●CONCLUSION:The surgical management is needed in less than half of the cases and should be planned for every case individually according to the clinical findings,planned nomogram and modified intraoperatively according to the anatomical findings during surgery.

关键词： Duane’s Retraction Syndrome globe retraction globe upshoot medial rectus lateral rectus forced duction test

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Bounds on Fractional-Based Metric Dimension of Petersen Networks

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第6期135卷 2697-2713页

作者： dalal Awadh Alrowaili Mohsin Raza Muhammad Javaid Mathematics Department College of ScienceJouf UniversityP.O.Box:2014SakakaSaudi Arabia Department of Mathematics School of ScienceUniversity of Management and TechnologyLahorePakistan

The problem of investigating the minimum set of landmarks consisting of auto-machines(Robots)in a connected network is studied with the concept of location number ormetric dimension of this *** this paper,we study the latest type of metric dimension called as local fractional metric dimension(LFMD)and find its upper bounds for generalized Petersen networks GP(n,3),where n≥*** n≥*** limiting values of LFMD for GP(n,3)are also obtained as 1(bounded)if n approaches to infinity.

关键词： Metric dimension local fractional metric dimension Petersen network local resolving neighborhoods

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Bridging the energy gap of India’s residential buildings by using rooftop solar PV systems for higher energy stars

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Clean Energy 2021年第3期5卷 423-432页

作者： Rakesh dalal Kamal Bansal Sapan Thapar Department of Energy University of Petroleum and Energy StudiesDehradunIndia Department of Energy and Environment TERI UniversityIndia

The residential-building sector in India consumes>25%of the total electricity and is the third-largest consumer of electricity;consumption increased by 26%between 2014 and *** has introduced a star-labelling programme for residential buildings that is applicable for all single-and multiple-dwelling units in the country for residential *** Energy Performance Index(EPI)of a building(annual energy consumption in kilowatt-hours per square metre of the building)is taken as an indicator for awarding the star label for residential *** gauging the EPI status of existing buildings,the electricity consumption of residential buildings(in kWh/m2/year)is established through a case study of the residential *** years of electricity bills are collected for an Indian residential society located in Palam,Delhi,analysed and benchmarked with the Indian residential star-labelling programme.A wide EPI gap is observed for existing buildings for five-star energy *** on existing electricity tariffs,the energy consumption of residential consumers and the Bureau of Energy Efficiency(BEE)’s proposed building ENERGY STAR labelling,a grid-integrated rooftop solar photovoltaic(PV)system is considered for achieving a higher star *** research study establishes the potential of grid-connected rooftop solar PV systems for residential buildings in Indian cities through a case study of ***-economic analysis of a grid-integrated 3-kWp rooftop solar PV plant is analysed by using RETScreen *** study establishes that an additional two stars can be achieved by existing buildings by using a grid-integrated rooftop solar PV *** for retrofit of a 3-kWp rooftop solar PV plant for Indian cites varies from 3 to 7 years.

关键词： ECBC residential star building rooftop solar PV RETScreen

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Stability analysis of drugdynamics model: A mat hematical approach

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2019年第4期12卷 153-184页

作者： Koyel Chakravarty D.C.dalal Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati 781039 India Faculty of Science and Technology ICFAI University TripuraTripura 799210India

In this paper, a mathematical model of drug release from polymeric matrix and consequent intracellular drug transport is proposed and analyzed. Modeling of drug release is done through solubilization dynamics of drug particles, diffusion of the solubilized drug through the polymeric matrix in addition to reversible dissociation/recrystallization process. The interaction between drug-receptor, drug-plasma proteins along with other intracellular endosomal events is modeled. This leads to a mixed system of partial and ordinary differential equations with associated pertinent set of initial and boundary conditions. Furthermore, besides the stability of the proposed model, several sub-models are also studied for their stability criteria. Prominence is provided to the reduced model system having requisite relevance to the original system where quasi steady state approximation (QSSA) theory is utilized. For the model to be potent enough to generate appropriate predictive results for drug delivery, the stability properties of equilibrium in the mathematical model are analyzed both analytically and numerically. Numerical simulation in the embodiment of graphical representations speaks about various vital characteristics of the underlying physical phenomena along with the importance and sensitized impact of the model parameters controlling significant biological functions. Probed new therapies and clinical procedures could be assessed considering the present mathematical model and its analysis as the basis framework in order to effectively enhance therapeutic efficacy and improved patient compliance. The present study confirms the necessity of stability analysis study so that advocated mathematical model can effectively complement the real physiological behavior of pharmacokinetics.

关键词： Mathematical model drug polymeric matrix endosomal events quasi steady state approximation (QSSA) stability

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