Introduction:Laiza and nearby areas(LNA)in Myanmar are identified as the primary malaria hotspots in the bordering regions of Yunnan Province,***:Six sentinel surveillance sites were established at the China-Myanmar b...
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Introduction:Laiza and nearby areas(LNA)in Myanmar are identified as the primary malaria hotspots in the bordering regions of Yunnan Province,***:Six sentinel surveillance sites were established at the China-Myanmar border in LNA to monitor *** from 2019 was used as a baseline to analyze malaria incidence and trends in LNA and Myanmar,as well as the importation of malaria cases into China from 2019 to ***:Plasmodium vivax was the predominant species,representing 99.95%(14,060/14,066)of confirmed malaria cases in LNA.A total of 8,356 malaria cases were identified in 2023,with an annual parasite incidence(API)of 19.78 per 100 *** to 2019,the incidence rate ratio was 21.47(95%confidence interval:18.84,24.48),indicating that the API in 2023 was 21.47 times higher than that in *** Yunnan,out of 1,016 reported cases,545 imported cases(53.64%)originated from LNA and spread to 18(13.95%)out of 129 *** provinces in China,including Yunnan,reported imported malaria cases from LNA in ***:The increase in population,particularly among internally displaced persons,along with inadequate healthcare services,has led to a notable resurgence of malaria in *** resurgence poses a risk to preventing the re-emergence of malaria transmission in *** is an urgent need for novel collaborative policies,as well as financial and technical assistance,to enhance malaria control efforts in LNA,Myanmar.
Intra-tumor heterogeneity(ITH) is a key challenge in cancer treatment, but previous studies have focused mainly on the genomic alterations without exploring phenotypic(transcriptomic and immune)heterogeneity. Using on...
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Intra-tumor heterogeneity(ITH) is a key challenge in cancer treatment, but previous studies have focused mainly on the genomic alterations without exploring phenotypic(transcriptomic and immune)heterogeneity. Using one of the largest prospective surgical cohorts for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)with multi-region sampling, we sequenced whole genomes and paired transcriptomes from 67 HCC patients(331 samples). We found that while genomic ITH was rather constant across stages, phenotypic ITH had a very different trajectory and quickly diversified in stage Ⅱ patients. Most strikingly, 30% of patients were found to contain more than one transcriptomic subtype within a single tumor. Such phenotypic ITH was found to be much more informative in predicting patient survival than genomic ITH and explains the poor efficacy of single-target systemic therapies in HCC. Taken together, we not only revealed an unprecedentedly dynamic landscape of phenotypic heterogeneity in HCC, but also highlighted the importance of studying phenotypic evolution across cancer types.
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