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Exploring the modulatory role of bovine lactoferrin on the microbiome and the immune response in healthy and Shiga toxin‑producing *** challenged weaned piglets

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1278-1291页

作者： Matthias Dierick Ruben Ongena daisy Vanrompay Bert Devriendt Eric Cox Laboratory of Immunology Department of Translational PhysiologyInfectiology and Public HealthFaculty of Veterinary MedicineGhent UniversitySalisburylaan 1339820 MerelbekeBelgium Laboratory for Immunology and Animal Biotechnology Faculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent UniversityCoupure links 6539000 GhentBelgium

Background Post-weaned piglets suffer from F18+Escherichia coli(***)infections resulting in post-weaning diar-rhoea or oedema *** used management strategies,including colistin and zinc oxide,have contrib-uted to the emergence and spread of antimicrobial *** antimicrobials capable of directly interacting with pathogens and modulating the host immune responses are being *** has shown promising results against porcine enterotoxigenic *** strains,both in vitro and in *** We investigated the influence of bovine lactoferrin(bLF)on the microbiome of healthy and infected weaned ***,we assessed whether bLF influenced the immune responses upon Shiga toxin-producing ***(STEC)***,2 in vivo trials were conducted:a microbiome trial and a challenge infection trial,using an F18+STEC *** did not affect theα-andβ-***,bLF groups showed a higher relative abundance(RA)for the Actinobacteria phylum and the Bifidobacterium genus in the ileal *** analysing the immune response upon infection,the STEC group exhibited a significant increase in F18-specific IgG serum levels,whereas this response was absent in the bLF *** Taken together,the oral administration of bLF did not have a notable impact on theα-andβ-diversity of the gut microbiome in weaned ***,it did increase the RA of the Actinobacteria phylum and Bifi-dobacterium genus,which have previously been shown to play an important role in maintaining gut ***,bLF administration during STEC infection resulted in the absence of F18-specific serum IgG responses.

关键词： E.coli Immune modulation Lactoferrin Microbiome

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Bioactive compounds,nutraceutical values and its application in food product development of oyster mushroom

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Journal of Future Foods 2024年第4期4卷 335-342页

作者： Phuritshabam Vivekanandini Devi Jasmin Islam Pameena Narzary daisy Sharma Farhanaz Sultana Faculty of Science Assam down town UniversityGuwahatiAssam 781026India

Oyster mushroom(Pleurotus ostreatus)is one of the popular edible mushrooms and is widely cultivated throughout the world for its unique delicacy in flavor,aroma and *** exhibit excellent sources of biological proteins,fber,vitamins,and ***,their demands are increasing due to the presence of bioactive components such as phenol,flavonoid,terpenes,polysaccharides and reported to possess anti-microbial,anti-cancer,anti-hyperlipidemia,anti-diabetic,anti-inflammatory and immunostimulant *** to their beneficial health effects,they act as a potential source for formulation of functionalσr value added food *** objective of the review is to emphasize the remarkable nutitional properties and their signifcant relationship concening hea1th-promoting properties which view oyster mushrooms as a superfood and plant-based-mutraceuticals food.

关键词： Oyster mushroom Nutaceutical Bioactive molecules Antioxidant Food product development

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Antidiabetic Properties of Bidens pilosa and Its Polyacetylenic Compounds for Management of Diabetes: Systematic Review

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第2期12卷 164-179页

作者： Kenneth Waititu Caroline Mugo daisy Nyawira Peter Mwethera Animal Sciences Department Kenya Institute of Primate Research Nairobi Kenya Center for Biodiversity National Museums of Kenya Nairobi Kenya Department of Reproductive Health and Biology Kenya Institute of Primate Research Nairobi Kenya

Bidens pilosa is a member of the Asteraceae family that is widely distributed across the tropics. It has been utilized by different communities both as food and medicinal herb. This plant and its polyacetylenic compounds hold potential as a natural antidiabetic intervention that can be used to combat this global public health problem. Bioactive compounds found in this plant constitute promising interventions for combating obesity which is a major risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes. These phytocompounds can work independently or synergistically to modulate appetite, lipase activity, adipogenesis and adipocyte apoptosis. However, the efficacy, mode of action and scope of management of diabetes by these compounds remains elusive. The current review aims to summarize data on efficacy in the management of diabetes, an antidiabetic candidate polyacetylenic compound and possible biological activities as an antidiabetic agent from the available literature. Much emphasis has been directed to cytopiloyne as a representative of polyacetylenic compounds extracted from Bidens pilosa and its activity on diabetic animal models. The majority of the studies conducted on animal models described antidiabetic mechanisms that range from hypoglycemic to secretagogue activity of cytopiloyne in a dose-dependent manner. A clinical trial pilot indicated improved glycemic control of Bidens pilosa formulation among diabetic patients in the study. Bidens pilosa and its compounds are highly potent antidiabetic agent(s) that should be graduated to an intervention for management of diabetes through pre-clinical and clinical trials to elucidate its efficacy and safety.

关键词： Antidiabetic Cytopiloyne Bidens pilosa Polyacetylenic Compounds

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Comparison of Semi-Parametric Shared Frailty Models for Bees’Survival

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Journal of Data Analysis and Information Processing 2024年第2期12卷 267-288页

作者： Patience Isiaho daisy Salifu Samuel Mwalili Henri E. Z. Tonnang Department of Statistics and Actuarial Sciences Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya Data Management Modelling and Geo-Information Unit International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi Kenya

Survival analysis is a fundamental tool in medical science for time-to-event data. However, its application to colony organisms like bees poses challenges due to their social nature. Traditional survival models may not accurately capture the interdependence among individuals within a colony. Frailty models, accounting for shared risks within groups, offer a promising alternative. This study evaluates the performance of semi-parametric shared frailty models (gamma, inverse normal, and positive stable-in comparison to the traditional Cox model using bees’ survival data). We examined the effect of misspecification of the frailty distribution on regression and heterogeneity parameters using simulation and concluded that the heterogeneity parameter was more sensitive to misspecification of the frailty distribution and choice of initial parameters (cluster size and true heterogeneity parameter) compared to the regression parameter. From the data, parameter estimates for covariates were close for the four models but slightly higher for the Cox model. The shared gamma frailty model provided a better fit to the data in comparison with the other models. Therefore, when focusing on regression parameters, the gamma frailty model is recommended. This research underscores the importance of tailored survival methodologies for accurately analyzing time-to-event data in social organisms.

关键词： Correlated Failure Times Frailty Survival Analysis Unobserved Heterogeneity

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Modelling the Survival of Western Honey Bee Apis mellifera and the African Stingless Bee Meliponula ferruginea Using Semiparametric Marginal Proportional Hazards Mixture Cure Model

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Journal of Data Analysis and Information Processing 2024年第1期12卷 24-39页

Classical survival analysis assumes all subjects will experience the event of interest, but in some cases, a portion of the population may never encounter the event. These survival methods further assume independent survival times, which is not valid for honey bees, which live in nests. The study introduces a semi-parametric marginal proportional hazards mixture cure (PHMC) model with exchangeable correlation structure, using generalized estimating equations for survival data analysis. The model was tested on clustered right-censored bees survival data with a cured fraction, where two bee species were subjected to different entomopathogens to test the effect of the entomopathogens on the survival of the bee species. The Expectation-Solution algorithm is used to estimate the parameters. The study notes a weak positive association between cure statuses (ρ1=0.0007) and survival times for uncured bees (ρ2=0.0890), emphasizing their importance. The odds of being uncured for A. mellifera is higher than the odds for species M. ferruginea. The bee species, A. mellifera are more susceptible to entomopathogens icipe 7, icipe 20, and icipe 69. The Cox-Snell residuals show that the proposed semiparametric PH model generally fits the data well as compared to model that assume independent correlation structure. Thus, the semi parametric marginal proportional hazards mixture cure is parsimonious model for correlated bees survival data.

关键词： Mixture Cure Models Clustered Survival Data Correlation Structure Cox-Snell Residuals EM Algorithm Expectation-Solution Algorithm

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High Dimension Multivariate Data Analysis for Small Group Samples of Chemical Volatile Profiles of African Nightshade Species

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Journal of Data Analysis and Information Processing 2024年第2期12卷 210-231页

作者： Lorna Chepkemoi daisy Salifu Lucy Kananu Murungi Henri E. Z. Tonnang International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi Kenya Department of Horticulture and Food Security Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) Nairobi Kenya

Quantitative headspace analysis of volatiles emitted by plants or any other living organisms in chemical ecology studies generates large multidimensional data that require extensive mining and refining to extract useful information. More often the number of variables and the quantified volatile compounds exceed the number of observations or samples and hence many traditional statistical analysis methods become inefficient. Here, we employed machine learning algorithm, random forest (RF) in combination with distance-based procedure, similarity percentage (SIMPER) as preprocessing steps to reduce the data dimensionality in the chemical profiles of volatiles from three African nightshade plant species before subjecting the data to non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS). In addition, non-parametric methods namely permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) and analysis of similarities (ANOSIM) were applied to test hypothesis of differences among the African nightshade species based on the volatiles profiles and ascertain the patterns revealed by NMDS plots. Our results revealed that there were significant differences among the African nightshade species when the data’s dimension was reduced using RF variable importance and SIMPER, as also supported by NMDS plots that showed S. scabrum being separated from S. villosum and S. sarrachoides based on the reduced data variables. The novelty of our work is on the merits of using data reduction techniques to successfully reveal differences in groups which could have otherwise not been the case if the analysis were performed on the entire original data matrix characterized by small samples. The R code used in the analysis has been shared herein for interested researchers to customise it for their own data of similar nature.

关键词： Random Forest Similarity Percentage PERMANOVA ANOSIM Non-Metric Multi-Dimensional Scaling

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乾坤之间,听见鸟鸣

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青年视觉 2024年第1期 44-51页

作者： daisy CUNZU(图) 不详

中国西南山区的村寨里,摇电闪耀的苗族银饰装点着村民们的日常生活:万里之外的时尚之都法国巴黎,富有民族特色和现代艺术感的中国银制首饰在国际秀场上艳惊四座。

关键词：苗族银饰时尚之都首饰日常生活民族特色

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知所从来,方明所往

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青年视觉 2024年第1期 28-35页

作者： daisy 王诗杨钟华(图) 不详

VISION:是什么原因让你成为一位珠宝设计师?钟华:每当我投入到珠宝的创作当中时,内心那一份安宁和愉悦是其他事情所无法代替的!我从小学习艺术,原本计划去英国学习服装设计,当时也顺利进入了伦教服装学院。在学习的闲暇,我到处去看展览... 详细信息

VISION:是什么原因让你成为一位珠宝设计师?钟华:每当我投入到珠宝的创作当中时,内心那一份安宁和愉悦是其他事情所无法代替的!我从小学习艺术,原本计划去英国学习服装设计,当时也顺利进入了伦教服装学院。在学习的闲暇,我到处去看展览。这时被另一个新鲜的领域深深吸引,那就是珠宝设计。因为当时在国内接触到的还是最传统的黄金饰品,而这里的设计已经可以如此丰富,它们已经打破了材质的局限,上升到一种精神领域。

关键词：珠宝设计服装设计黄金饰品服装学院

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绘画、摄影与人工智能

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青年视觉 2024年第2期 58-63页

作者： daisy王诗杨 Salome Castro(图) 不详

一个想法,一段文字,就能做出一幅过去一个团队可能要一个礼拜才能制作出来的摄影作品。几年以前我们对这种说法之以鼻,但是现在,现实就摆在眼前。

关键词：摄影作品人工智能绘画

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慢板与快板:视觉艺术的不同乐章

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青年视觉 2024年第2期 48-57页

作者：刘晓茁 daisy王诗杨 Marco Pittarello(图) 不详

在阳光很好的某一天,一位胶片摄影师带着模特来到了一个美丽的地方,打开镜头盖、调整相机参数、按下快门——在这一瞬间,光子以每秒三十万公里的速度闯进了胶片相机,像子弹一样击打在底片中的卤化银分子上。见光的卤化银分解成黑色的银... 详细信息

在阳光很好的某一天,一位胶片摄影师带着模特来到了一个美丽的地方,打开镜头盖、调整相机参数、按下快门——在这一瞬间,光子以每秒三十万公里的速度闯进了胶片相机,像子弹一样击打在底片中的卤化银分子上。见光的卤化银分解成黑色的银,记录下光线的信息。胶片上留下了肉眼尚不可见的画面。然后,摄影师走进暗房,经过显影、停显、定影、水洗、晾干、放大……漫长的时间过后,我们看见了按下快门的那一刻,世界的真实样貌。

关键词：胶片相机镜头盖卤化银相机参数定影快门视觉艺术暗房

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