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How plants sense and respond to osmotic stress

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第3期66卷 394-423页

作者： Bo Yu dai-yin chao Yang Zhao Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesThe Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China Key Laboratory of Plant Carbon Capture The Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesInstitute of Plant Physiology and EcologyThe Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Drought is one of the most serious abiotic stresses to land *** sense and respond to drought stress to survive under water *** have studied how plants sense drought stress,or osmotic stress caused by drought,ever since Charles Darwin,and gradually obtained clues about osmotic stress sensing and signaling in *** stress is a physical stimulus that triggers many physiological changes at the cellular level,including changes in turgor,cell wall stiffness and integrity,membrane tension,and cell fluid volume,and plants may sense some of these stimuli and trigger downstream *** this review,we emphasized water potential and movements in organisms,compared putative signal inputs in cell wall-containing and cell wall-free organisms,prospected how plants sense changes in turgor,membrane tension,and cell fluid volume under osmotic stress according to advances in plants,animals,yeasts,and bacteria,summarized multilevel biochemical and physiological signal outputs,such as plasma membrane nanodomain formation,membrane water permeability,root hydrotropism,root halotropism,Casparian strip and suberin lamellae,and finally proposed a hypothesis that osmotic stress responses are likely to be a cocktail of signaling mediated by multiple *** also discussed the core scientific questions,provided perspective about the future directions in this field,and highlighted the importance of robust and smart root systems and efficient source-sink allocations for generating future high-yield stress-resistant crops and plants.

关键词： cell volume drought membrane tension osmotic stress turgor

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Amorphous hybrid tungsten oxide–nickel hydroxide nanosheets used as a highly efficient electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2499-2508页

作者： chao Lyu Chenghai dai Yiwei Tan State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China

There are more challenges for alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)via simultaneously expediting the electron-coupled water dissociation process(Volmer step)and the following electrochemical H_(2) desorption(Heyrovsky step).Hybrid amorphous electrocatalysts are highly desirable for efficient hydrogen evolution from water-alkali electrolyzers due to the bifunctionality for the different elementary steps of HER and optimal interactions with water molecules and the reactive hydrogen intermediates(Had).Herein,the synthesis of amorphous hybrid ultrathin(tungsten oxide/nickel hydroxide)hydrate(a-[WO_(3)/Ni(OH)_(2)]·0.2H_(2)O)nanosheets on nickel foam(NF)for efficient alkaline HER is *** structural and composition features of a-[WO_(3)/Ni(OH)_(2)]·0.2H_(2)O are characterized in *** resulting a-[WO_(3)/Ni(OH)_(2)]·0.2H_(2)O/NF electrocatalyst with the synergistic effect of both hybrid components for the HER elementary steps shows greatly improved the activity and durability for the HER with a low overpotential of-41 and-163 mV at-10 and-500 mA·cm^(-2),respectively,a Tafel slope as low as-72.9 mV·dec^(-1),and long-term stability of continuous electrolysis for at least 150 h accompanying by inappreciable overpotential change in 1 M *** the hybrid a-[WO_(3)/Ni(OH)_(2)]·0.2H_(2)O,Ni(OH)_(2) and WO_(3) moieties are separately responsible for accelerating dissociative adsorption of water and weakening Had adsorption strength,which is beneficial to the improvement of the alkaline HER activity.

关键词： amorphous nanomaterial bimetallic electrocatalyst tungsten oxide ultrathin nanosheet hydrogen evolution reaction

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Long-distance blue light signalling regulates phosphate deficiency-induced primary root growth inhibition

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Molecular Plant 2022年第10期15卷 1636-1637页

作者： Yi-Qun Gao Ling-Hua Bu Mei-Ling Han Ya-Ling Wang Zong-Yun Li Hong-Tao Liu dai-yin chao 不详

(Molecular Plant 14,1539–1553;September 62021)In Figure 4G,we showed the root apical meristem lengths of different ***,because of inappropriate use of the software Adobe Illustrator(AI)and the high degree of similarity between the pictures,we mistakenly kept the picture of Col-0(panel of 50μM Pi),which was set as an object of reference in a lower layer for all the other panels for typesetting purposes and should have been deleted after typesetting,in the position of cry1cry2 mutant.A similar mistake also happened in Figure S15,in which we kept the GUS staining picture of line#3(panel of pLPR1::GUS/hy5)in the position of line#*** wrong pictures in these two figures have been substituted with correct pictures in the figure *** authors sincerely apologize for the mistakes.

关键词： Illustrator Figure deleted

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Decreasing nitrogen assimilation under drought stress by suppressing DST-mediated activation of Nitrate Reductase 1.2 in rice

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Molecular Plant 2022年第1期15卷 167-178页

作者： Mei-Ling Han Qiao-Yan Lv Jing Zhang Tao Wang chao-Xing Zhang Ru-Jiao Tan Ya-Ling Wang Li-Yuan Zhong Yi-Qun Gao Zhen-Fei chao Qian-Qian Li Gen-Yun Chen Zai Shi Hong-Xuan Lin dai-yin chao National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Henan University Kaifeng 475004China Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116China

Nitrogen is an essential nutrient for plant growth and development,and plays vital roles in crop *** of nitrogen is thus fine-tuned in response to heterogeneous ***,the regulatory mechanism underlying this essential process remains largely ***,we report that a zinc-finger transcription factor,drought and salt tolerance(DST),controls nitrate assimilation in rice by regulating the expression of *** found that loss of function of DSTresults in a significant decrease of nitrogen use efficiency(NUE)in the presence of *** revealed that DST is required for full nitrate reductase activity in rice and directly regulates the expression of OsNR1.2,a gene showing sequence similarity to nitrate *** genetics and biochemistry studies revealed that OsNR1.2 encodes an NADH-dependent nitrate reductase that is required for high NUE of ***,the DST-OsNR1.2 regulatory module is involved in the suppression of nitrate assimilation under drought stress,which contributes to drought *** the negative role of DST in stomata closure,as revealed previously,the positive role of DST in nitrogen assimilation suggests a mechanism couplingni-trogen metabolism and stomata *** discovery of this coupling mechanism will aid the engi-neering of drought-tolerant crops with high NUE in the future.

关键词： nitrogen use efficiency OsNR1.2 drought tolerance rice

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Understanding Abiotic Stress Tolerance Mechanisms：Recent Studies on Stress Response in Rice

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2007年第6期49卷 742-750页

作者： Ji-Ping Gao dai-yin chao Hong-Xuan Lin National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences the Chinese Academy of Sciences Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China

Abiotlc stress is the main factor negatively affecting crop growth and productivity worldwide. The advances In physiology, genetics, and molecular biology have greatly Improved our understanding of plant responses to stresses. Rice plants are sensitive to various ablotlc stresses, in this short review, we present recent progresses In adaptation of rice to salinity, water deficit and submergence. Many studies show that salt tolerance Is tightly associated with the ability to maintain Ion homeostasis under salinity. Na^＋ transporter SKC1 unloads Na^＋from xylem, plasma membrane Na^＋/H^＋ antlporter SOS1 excludes sodium out of cytosol and tonoplast Na^＋/H^＋ antlporter NHX1 sequesters Na^＋ Into the vacuole. Silicon deposition in exodermls and endodermis of rice root reduces sodium transport through the apoplastlc pathway. A number of transcription factors regulate stress-Inducible gene ex- presslon that leads to Initiating stress responses and establishing plant stress tolerance. Overexpresslon of some transcription factors, Including DREB/CBF and NAC, enhances salt, drought, and cold tolerance In rice. A variant of one of ERF family genes, SublA-1, confers Immersion tolerance to lowland rice. These findings and their exploitation will hold promise for engineering breeding to protect crop plants from certain ablotic stresses.

关键词： abiotic stress sodium transport transcription factor submergence tolerance rice.

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Dynamic Scene Graph Generation of Point Clouds with Structural Representation Learning

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第1期29卷 232-243页

作者： chao Qi Jianqin yin Zhicheng Zhang Jin Tang School of Artificial Intelligence Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China Standard and Metrology Research Institute China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation LimitedBeijing 100081China

Scene graphs of point clouds help to understand object-level relationships in the 3D *** graph generation methods work on 2D structured data,which cannot be used for the 3D unstructured point cloud *** point-cloud-based methods generate the scene graph with an additional graph structure that needs labor-intensive manual *** address these problems,we explore a method to convert the point clouds into structured data and generate graphs without given ***,we cluster points with similar augmented features into groups and establish their relationships,resulting in an initial structural representation of the point ***,we propose a Dynamic Graph Generation Network(DGGN)to judge the semantic labels of targets of different *** dynamically splits and merges point groups,resulting in a scene graph with high *** show that our methods outperform other baseline *** output reliable graphs describing the object-level relationships without additional manual labeled data.

关键词： scene graph generation structural representation point cloud

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Origin of the Dashuigou independent tellurium deposit at Qinghai–Xizang Plateau: constraints from the light stable isotopes C, O, and H

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第2期43卷 385-398页

作者： Jianzhao yin Yuhong chao Haoyu yin Hongyun Shi Shoupu Xiang Wuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan 430074China College of Earth Sciences Jilin UniversityChangchun 130061China Ganzhongnan Institute of Geology and Mineral Exploration Nanchang 330002China Guinea Westfi eld Mining Company-Sarlu Jinzhong 031300China Orient Resources Ltd. RichmondB.C.V7E 1M8Canada Silvercorp Metals Inc. Beijing 100027China

By studying the light isotopic compositions of carbon,oxygen,and hydrogen,combined with previous research results on the ore-forming source of the deposit,the authors try to uncover its metallogenic *** δ^(18)O and δ^(13)C isotope signatures of dolomite samples vary between 10.2 and 13.0‰,and between−7.2 and−5.2‰,respectively,implying that the carbon derives from the upper mantle.δD and δ^(18) O of quartz,biotite,and muscovite from diff erent ore veins of the deposit vary between−82 and−59‰,and between 11.6 and 12.4‰,respectively,implying that the metallogenic solutions are mainly *** to the relevant research results of many isotope geologists,the fractionation degree of hydrogen isotopes increases as the depth to the Earth’s core increases,and the more diff erentiated the hydrogen isotopes are,the lower their values will *** other words,mantle-derived solutions can have extremely low hydrogen isotope *** means that the δD‰ value−134 of the pyrrhotite sample numbered SD-34 in this article may indicate mantle-derived oreforming fl uid of the *** formation of the Dashuigou tellurium deposit occurred between 91.71 and 80.19 Ma.

关键词： Carbon oxygen and hydrogen isotopes Origin Independent tellurium deposit The Qinghai–Xizang Plateau

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Switching,explosion,and chaos of multi-wavelength soliton states in ultrafast fiber lasers

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第7期67卷 82-90页

作者： Zhi-Zeng Si Yue-Yue Wang chao-Qing dai College of Optical Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringZhejiang A&F UniversityLin’an 311300China

Because of the complexity and difficulty of realizing a multi-wavelength soliton state,reports on its internal dynamic characteristics are *** this study,the switching and periodic soliton explosion processes of the multi-wavelength soliton state in a negative dispersion passively mode-locked fiber laser are *** generation of the multi-wavelength soliton state undergoes the process of noise,oscillation,and stable mode-locking,and the splitting and annihilation of solitons with different group velocities directly impact the generation and disappearance of three *** and negative dispersion lead to different group velocities of *** presence and displacement of solitons with different group velocities cause soliton collisions,which lead to soliton explosions.A soliton experiences relative phase oscillation,chaos,and oscillation,as well as convergence and separation before and after an *** an increase in parameters related to pump power,single-soliton oscillation,multi-wavelength solitons,and chaos are found in experiments and simulations,proving the relevance and reliability between simulation and experimental *** work promotes the dynamical study of multi-soliton collisions in nonlinear science and the development of chaos theory in multi-comb lasers.

关键词： multi-wavelength fiber laser soliton explosion chaos state switching real-time dynamics

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Microwave-accelerated direct regeneration of LiCoO_(2)cathodes for Li-ion batteries

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第7期67卷 2181-2189页

作者： Xueshan Hu Yun-chao yin chao Li Lihui Zhou Lin Yang Yitian Feng Daxian Zuo Chenhui Ning Das Soham Sheng dai Longbin Qiu Lin Zeng Haw Jiunn Woo Jiayu Wan Future Battery Research Center Global Institute of Future TechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Centre for Ionics University of Malaya Department of PhysicsFaculty of ScienceUniversity of MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China Department of Natural and Applied Sciences Duke Kunshan UniversityKunshan 215316China

Recycling spent lithium-ion batteries is integral to today's low-carbon environmental protection *** concept of direct regeneration,acknowledged for its environmental sustainability,economic viability,and consistent performance of recycled materials,is gaining *** study presents an efficient and nondestructive approach by utilizing an ultrafast microwave technology to directly regenerate spent lithium cobaltate(LCO)cathode *** contrast to conventional furnacebased processes,this method significantly reduces the regeneration *** subjecting the spent LCO mixed with lithium sources to three microwave heating cycles(at approximately 1,350 K),LCO regeneration is achieved,yielding a specific capacity of 140.8 mAh g^(-1)(0.2 C)with a robust cycle *** further environmental and economic benefits,the ultrafast microwave technology holds scientific promise for directly regenerating cathode materials,while establishing competitiveness for industrial applications.

关键词： battery recycling spent lithium cobaltate microwave directly regeneration cathode materials

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Characteristics of Bi-2223 HTS Tapes Under Short-Circuit Current Impacts in Hybrid Energy Transmission Pipelines

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第2期10卷 736-745页

作者： Yuguang Sun chao yin Weizhen Li Xinyang Li Xiaohua Jiang Department of Electric Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

A hybrid energy transmission pipeline is proposed with the aim of long-distance cooperative transmission of electricity and chemical fuels, which is composed of an inner high-temperature superconducting (HTS) power cable and outer liquefied natural gas (LNG) pipeline. The flowing LNG could maintain the operating temperature of the inner HTS power cable within the range of 85 K-90 K, thus the Bi-2223 superconductors in the HTS power cable produce little Joule loss with the transmission current below the critical current. Owing to the advantages of high power density, low transmission losses and economical manufacturing costs, the hybrid energy transmission pipeline is expected to be widely utilized in the near future. In order to ensure the safety of the HTS power cable and explosive LNG in case of short-circuit faults, this paper tests and analyzes the characteristics of Bi-2223 HTS tapes of the Type HT-CA, Type HT-SS and Type H models under short-circuit current impacts at the LNG cooling temperature (85 K-90 K). An experimental platform is designed and established for the ampacity tests of HTS tapes above LN2 cooling temperature (77 K). The AC over-current impact tests at 85 K-90 K are carried out on each sample of Bi-2223 tapes respectively, and the experimental results are analyzed and compared to evaluate their performances under different operating conditions. The results indicate that the Type HT-CA tape can withstand 50 Hz short-circuit current impact with the amplitude of 1108 A (10 times of critical current Ic ) for 100 ms at 90 K, and its resistance is the smallest of the three tested samples under similar current impacts. Therefore, the Type HT-CA Bi-2223 tape is the optimal superconductor of the HTS power cable in the hybrid energy transmission pipeline.

关键词： Bi-2223 high-temperature superconducting(HTS)tape critical current hybrid energy transmission pipeline liquefied natural gas(LNG)cooling temperature short-circuit current impact characteristics

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