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Einstein Probe discovery of EP240408a: A peculiar X-ray transient with an intermediate timescale

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 222-240页

作者： Wenda Zhang weimin Yuan Zhixing Ling Yong Chen Nanda Rea Arne Rau Zhiming Cai Huaqing Cheng Francesco Coti Zelati Lixin dai Jingwei Hu Shumei Jia Chichuan Jin Dongyue Li Paul O’Brien Rongfeng Shen Xinwen Shu Shengli Sun Xiaojin Sun Xiaofeng Wang Lei Yang Bing Zhang Chen Zhang Shuang-Nan Zhang Yonghe Zhang Jie An David Buckley Alexis Coleiro Bertrand Cordier Liming Dou Rob Eyles-Ferris Zhou Fan Hua Feng Shaoyu Fu Johan P.U.Fynbo Lluis Galbany Saurabh W.Jha Shuaiqing Jiang Albert Kong Erik Kuulkers weihua Lei Wenxiong Li Bifang Liu Mingjun Liu Xing Liu Yuan Liu Zhu Liu Chandreyee Maitra Alessio Marino Itumeleng Monageng Kirpal Nandra Jeremy Sanders Roberto Soria Lian Tao Junfeng Wang Song Wang Tinggui Wang Zhongxiang Wang Qingwen Wu xuefeng Wu Dong xu Yanjun xu Suijian xue Yongquan xue Zijian Zhang Zipei Zhu Hu Zou Congying Bao Fansheng Chen Houlei Chen Tianxiang Chen wei Chen Yehai Chen Yifan Chen Chenzhou Cui weiwei Cui Yanfeng dai Dongwei Fan Ju Guan Dawei Han Dongjie Hou Haibo Hu Maohai Huang Jia Huo Zhenqing Jia Bowen Jiang Ge Jin Chengkui Li Junfei Li Longhui Li Maoshun Li wei Li Zhengda Li Tianying Lian Congzhan Liu Heyang Liu Huaqiu Liu Fangjun Lu Laidan Luo Jia Ma xuan Mao Haiwu Pan Xin Pan Liming Song Hui Sun Yunyin Tan Qingjun Tang Yihan Tao Hao Wang Juan Wang Lei Wang Wenxin Wang Yilong Wang Yusa Wang Qinyu Wu Haitao xu Jingjing xu Xinpeng xu Yunfei xu Zhao xu Changbin xue Yulong xue Ailiang Yan Haonan Yang Xiongtao Yang Yanji Yang Juan Zhang Mo Zhang Wenjie Zhang Zhen Zhang Zhen Zhang Ziliang Zhang Donghua Zhao Haisheng Zhao Xiaofan Zhao Zijian Zhao Hongyan Zhou Yilin Zhou Yuxuan Zhu Zhencai Zhu National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Astronomy and Space Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Space Sciences (ICE) CSIC Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC) Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics Innovation Academy for Microsatellites Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Physics University of Hong Kong School of Physics and Astronomy University of Leicester School of Physics and Astronomy Sun Yat-sen University Department of Physics Anhui Normal University Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Physics Department Tsinghua University Nevada Center for Astrophysics University of Nevada Las Vegas Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Nevada Las Vegas South African Astronomical Observatory Department of Astronomy University of Cape Town Department of Physics University of the Free State Université Paris Cité CNRS Astroparticule et Cosmologie Université Paris Cité CEA Paris-Saclay IRFU/DAp-AIM Department of Astronomy Guangzhou University Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN) Niels Bohr Institute University of Copenhagen Department of Physics and Astronomy Rutgers the State University of New Jersey Institute for Cosmic Ray Research The University of Tokyo ESA/ESTEC Department of Astronomy School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and Technology INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino Sydney Institute for Astronomy School of Physics The University of Sydney Department of Astronomy Xiamen University Institute for Frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics Beijing Normal University Department of Astronomy University of Science and Technology School of Astronomy and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Institute of Deep Space Sciences Deep Space Exploration Laboratory Department of Astronomy School of Physics and Astronomy Yunnan University Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chi

We report the discovery of a peculiar X-ray transient,EP240408a,by Einstein Probe （EP） and follow-up studies made with EP,Swift,NICER,GROND,ATCA and other ground-based multiwavelength *** new transient was first detected with Wide-field X-ray Telescope （WXT） on board EP on April 8th,2024,manifested in an intense yet brief X-ray flare lasting for *** flare reached a peak flux of 3.9×10-9erg cm-2s-1in 0.5-4 ke V,～300 times brighter than the underlying X-ray emission detected throughout the *** and more precise follow-up observations by EP/FXT,Swift and NICER confirmed the finding of this new *** X-ray spectrum is non-thermal in 0.5-10 ke V,with a power-law photon index varying *** X-ray light curve shows a plateau lasting for ～4 d,followed by a steep decay till becoming undetectable ～10 d after the initial *** on its temporal property and constraints from previous EP observations,an unusual timescale in the range of 7-23 d is found for EP240408a,which is intermediate between the commonly found fast and long-term *** counterparts have been found in optical and near-infrared,with the earliest observation at 17 h after the initial X-ray detection,suggestive of intrinsically weak emission in these *** demonstrate that the remarkable properties of EP240408a are inconsistent with any of the transient types known so far,by comparison with,in particular,jetted tidal disruption events,gamma-ray bursts,X-ray binaries and fast blue optical *** nature of EP240408a thus remains an *** suggest that EP240408a may represent a new type of transients with intermediate timescales of the order of～10 *** detection and follow-ups of more of such objects are essential for revealing their origin.

关键词： X-ray transients ${\bm~{Einstein~~Probe}}$

循环加载与卸围压组合扰动下红砂岩损伤破裂与渗透特性

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岩土工程学报 2025年第1期47卷 48-56页

作者：姚玮俞缙周先齐常方强常旭厦门理工学院土木工程与建筑学院福建厦门361024 华侨大学福建省隧道与城市地下空间工程技术研究中心福建厦门361021

为探究深地工程开挖诱导岩体损伤破裂及渗透性演化规律,开展了同步测定波速与渗透率的循环加载与卸围压组合扰动三轴试验,研究了不同条件下红砂岩的损伤与渗透性演化规律。结果表明:①岩石在不同组合扰动阶段具有不同的应力应变曲线形态... 详细信息

为探究深地工程开挖诱导岩体损伤破裂及渗透性演化规律,开展了同步测定波速与渗透率的循环加载与卸围压组合扰动三轴试验,研究了不同条件下红砂岩的损伤与渗透性演化规律。结果表明:①岩石在不同组合扰动阶段具有不同的应力应变曲线形态,其末端形态取决于在何种扰动阶段破坏,初始应力比为决定组合扰动诱发岩石破坏难易的主要因素;②总峰值轴向应变随初始应力比增大而增大,其中组合扰动轴向应变占比始终较低,总峰值体积应变绝对值随初始应力比增大而先增大后减小,其中组合扰动体积应变占比较高;③在初始加载阶段,波速增大,渗透率降低,在组合扰动阶段,波速下降,渗透率增加,且损伤与体积应变近似呈线性关系,损伤与渗透率随扰动次数增加均呈先慢后快的增长趋势,且拐点分别近似在一条直线上;④岩石在组合扰动卸围压阶段破坏为单剪切破坏模式,在组合扰动循环加载阶段破坏为共轭剪切破坏模式;⑤双高(高初始应力比与高初始围压)条件将显著加剧岩体开挖失稳破坏风险。

关键词：深地工程组合扰动力学特性损伤渗透性

保留反应性软组织联合脱矿牙本质基质应用于拔牙位点保存

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中国组织工程研究 2025年第17期29卷 3557-3565页

作者：戴婕婷任碧晖徐业豪郭水根魏洪武南昌大学附属康复医院江西省南昌市330000

背景:反应性软组织内的干细胞间充质具有促进组织再生的潜力,脱矿牙本质基质具有良好的生物相容性,可以作为位点保存术的支架材料,促进骨细胞的附着、增殖和分化。目的:影像学分析拔牙保留反应性软组织1个月后、行脱矿牙本质基质位点保... 详细信息

背景:反应性软组织内的干细胞间充质具有促进组织再生的潜力,脱矿牙本质基质具有良好的生物相容性,可以作为位点保存术的支架材料,促进骨细胞的附着、增殖和分化。目的:影像学分析拔牙保留反应性软组织1个月后、行脱矿牙本质基质位点保存术后6个月牙槽骨高度和宽度的变化。方法:纳入38例患者共62个拔牙位点,拔除患牙保留反应性软组织1个月后应用脱矿牙本质基质行位点保存术,术前、术后即刻、术后6个月拍摄锥形束CT,分别测量近中骨高度、中央骨高度、远中骨高度、颊侧骨高度、舌侧骨高度、牙槽嵴宽度,根据拔牙后剩余牙槽窝骨壁数量分为一壁骨缺损、二壁骨缺损、三壁骨缺损、四壁骨缺损。比较位点保存术前、术后即刻、术后6个月的骨量变化。结果与结论:①在骨愈合期间无位点发生创口感染;②与位点保存术前比较,术后即刻骨高度、骨宽度明显增加(P0.05);与术后即刻比较,术后6个月骨宽度吸收了(1.253±2.896)mm(P0.05);③位点保存术后即刻、术后6个月4种骨缺损类型的骨高度明显增加(P0.05);术后6个月较术前一壁骨缺损近中骨量增长最少(P<0.05),二壁骨缺损近中骨量增长最多(P<0.05);④结果表明:脱矿牙本质基质应用于位点保存术可有效预防和减缓拔牙术后的牙槽骨吸收,能够在一定程度上重建已发生吸收的牙槽骨轮廓;拔牙术后保留反应性组织应用于脱矿牙本质基质位点保存术中,可实现创口封闭,临床疗效好;脱矿牙本质基质应用于一壁、二壁、三壁、四壁牙槽窝位点保存效果相似,但总体而言,脱矿牙本质基质应用于骨壁完整的拔牙窝时位点保存效果更为优良。

关键词：影像学研究位点保存脱矿牙本质基质反应性软组织骨壁缺损

Effect of Al_(2)O_(3)/SiO_(2) ratio on morphology of complex calcium ferrite

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2023年第10期30卷 1921-1928页

作者： dai-wei Yang wei Wang Jing-xuan Li xu-heng Chen Peng-fei Chen Jiangsu Yonggang Group Co. Ltd.IronworksSuzhou 215600JiangsuChina Hubei Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Metallurgical Secondary Resources Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina Beijing Zhiye Interconnection Technology Co. Ltd.Beijing 100144China

Al_(2)O_(3) and SiO_(2) greatly influence the formation of complex calcium ferrite,which is the main bonding phase in high basicity *** effects of Al_(2)O_(3)/SiO_(2) ratios on the morphology of complex calcium ferrite were *** main mineral phases in the samples with different Al_(2)O_(3)/SiO_(2) ratios were CaFe_(2)O_(4) with a solid solution of Si or Al atoms and the silico-ferrite of calcium and *** results showed that the morphology of the complex calcium ferrite changed from lumpy to plate-like and acicular with increases in the SiO_(2) content and the Al_(2)O_(3)/SiO_(2) *** the content of SiO_(2) was 4 wt.%,the main calcium ferrite morphology was acicular,and the number of macropores in the samples increased with the Al_(2)O_(3)/SiO_(2) ratio *** first-principles analysis of the calcium ferrite crystal structure showed that adding SiO_(2) and Al_(2)O_(3) changed the growth mechanism of the CaFe_(2)O_(4) crystal,promoting the formation of platy and acicular complex calcium *** size of calcium ferrite was significantly smaller due to the increase in CaO-Fe_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)-Al_(2)O_(3) viscosity with increasing the Al_(2)O_(3)/SiO_(2) ratio.

关键词： Complex calcium ferrite Silico-ferrite of calcium and aluminum Al_(2)O_(3)/SiO_(2)ratio Morphology First-principles calculation

National Comprehensive Cancer Network （NCCN） riSK classification in predicting biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy： a retrospective cohort study in Chinese prostate cancer patients

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2018年第6期20卷 551-554页

作者： Hua xu Yao Zhu Bo dai Ding-wei Ye Department of Urology Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center Shanghai 200032 China Department of Oncology Shanghai Medical College Fudan University Shanghai 200032 China

This study aimed to assess the role of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network （NCCN） risk classification in predicting biochemical recurrence （BCR） after radical prostatectomy （RP） in Chinese prostate cancer patients. We included a consecutive cohort of 385 patients with prostate cancer who underwent RP at Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center （Shanghai, China） from March 2011 to December 2014. Gleason grade groups were applied at analysis according to the 2014 International Society of Urological Pathology Consensus. Risk groups were stratified according to the NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology： Prostate Cancer version 1, 2017. All 385 patients were divided into BCR and non-BCR groups. The clinicopathological characteristics were compared using an independent sample t-test, Chi-squared test, and Fisher＇s exact test. BCR-free survival was compared using the log-rank test and multivariable Cox proportional hazard analysis. During median follow-up of 48 months （range： 1-78 months）, 31 （8.05%） patients experienced BCR. The BCR group had higher prostate-specific antigen level at diagnosis （46.54 ± 39.58 ng m1-1 vs 21.02 ± 21.06 ng ml-1, P= 0.001）, more advanced pT stage （P= 0.002）, and higher pN1 rate （P〈 0.001）. NCCN risk classification was a significant predictor of BCR {P = 0.0006） and BCR-free survival （P = 0.003） after RP. As NCCN risk level increased, there was a significant decreasing trend in BCR-free survival rate （Ptrend = 0.0002）. This study confirmed and validated that NCCN risk classification was a significant predictor of BCR and BCR-free survival after RP.

关键词： biochemical recurrence prostate cancer radical prostatectomy National Comprehensive Cancer Network risk classification

Fair multigroup multicast precoding design based on traffic demands for multibeam satellite systems

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2023年第10期36卷 366-374页

作者： Zhiqi dai Zhen xu School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

Onboard resources are limited for multibeam satellite communication systems,while differences exist in traffic demands among *** conventional multigroup multicast precoding methods do not take traffic demands for users into consideration,it is difficult to flexibly adjust the offered throughput to users’*** with higher demand may obtain lower throughput while users with lower demand may be over-satisfied,which results in the requested-offered throughput mismatch and resource *** paper proposes a fair multigroup multicast precoding design based on traffic *** obtain the precoding design,the optimization problem aimed at maximizing the minimum throughput satisfaction ratio,which is defined as the ratio of the offered throughput to the traffic demand,is formulated,so as to provide fair service for all users while satisfying per-feed power constraints and traffic demand *** address this problem,an auxiliary variable is first introduced to equivalently simplify ***,the semidefinite relaxation and the bisection search strategies are adopted to further handle the ***,the optimal precoding vectors are obtained by employing eigenvalue decomposition or Gaussian *** results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed precoding algorithm and demonstrate that it can better adapt to the scenarios with different traffic demands.

关键词： Satellite communication systems Multigroup multicast precoding Traffic demand Throughput satisfaction ratio Fairness optimization

Soil bacterial and fungal communities resilience to long-term nitrogen addition in subtropical forests in China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第2期35卷 95-108页

作者： Xinlei Fu Yunze dai Jun Cui Pengfei Deng wei Fan Xiaoniu xu School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefei 230036AnhuiPeople’s Republic of China Suzhou Polytechnic Institute of Agriculture Suzhou 215008JiangsuPeople’s Republic of China College of Life and Environment Sciences Huangshan UniversityHuangshan 245041AnhuiPeople’s Republic of China

Atmospheric nitrogen(N)deposition is predicted to increase,especially in the ***,the responses of soil microorganisms to long-term N addition at the molecular level in N-rich subtropical forests have not been clarified.A long-term nutrient addition experiment was conducted in a subtropical evergreen old-growth forest in *** four treatments were:control,low N(50 kg N ha^(-1)a^(-1)),high N(100 kg N ha^(-1)a^(-1)),and combined N and phosphorus(P)(100 kg N ha^(-1)a^(-1)+50 kg P ha^(-1)a^(-1)).Metagenomic sequencing characterized diversity and composition of soil microbial communities and used to construct bacterial/fungal co-occurrence ***-treated soils were more acidic and had higher levels of dissolved organic carbon than *** were no significant differences in microbial diversity and community composition across *** addition of nutrients increased the abundance of copiotrophic bacteria and potentially beneficial microorganisms(e.g.,Gemmatimonadetes,Chaetomium,and Aureobasidium).Low N addition increased microbiome network *** rare fungi were identified as module hubs under nutrient addition,indicating that low abundance fungi were more sensitive to increased *** results indicate that the overall composition of microbial communities was stable but not static to long-term N *** findings provide new insights that can aid predictions of the response of soil microbial communities to long-term N addition.

关键词： Long-term nitrogen addition Old-growth subtropical forest Metagenomics Beneficial microorganisms Co-occurrence network

Mechanism of action of Linggui Zhugan Decoction in treating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease using untargeted metabolomics approach

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Traditional Medicine Research 2025年第2期10卷 65-76页

作者： Huan Pei Ren-Lin Li Xin-Ran Song Qian-Qian Wan Yu-Ming Wang Han-Zhou Li wei-Quan xu Jia-Bao Liao wei-Bo Wen Jing Miao Huan-Tian Cui School of Basic Medicine Yunnan University of Chinese MedicineKunming 650599China School Clinical Medical College Yunnan University of Chinese MedicineKunming 650599China First School of Clinical Medicine Yunnan University of Chinese MedicineKunming 650599China School of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin 301617China Department of Pharmacy Tianjin Second People's HospitalTianjin 300192China

Background:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is a liver disorder characterized by the accumulation and degeneration of fat in the liver cells,a condition that may further deteriorate and lead to cirrhosis and liver *** studies showed that metabolic dysfunction can promote NAFLD *** Zhugan Decoction(LGZGD)has therapeutic effects on *** mechanism of LGZGD still remains *** study was to examine the impact of LGZGD on the metabolic processes involved in the development of ***:A mice model of NAFLD was treated with *** therapeutic potential of LGZGD was evaluated by assessing the activity of transaminases,lipids levels of blood,and pathological changes in the liver of the mice model of ***,this study also evaluated the influence of LGZGD on liver inflammation and oxidative ***:The results of untargeted metabolomics analysis showed that LGZGD reduced the disordered lipid metabolism in NAFLD *** improved the oxidative stress and also reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the *** metabolomics analysis of liver samples revealed that LGZGD treatment improved metabolic disorders,including alanine,aspartate,glutamate,glycerophospholipid metabolism,and citrate *** RT-qPCR and Western blot results showed that LGZGD could regulate the expression of key enzymes in the metabolic pathway of the citrate cycle,including ATP-citrate lyase(ACLY),alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase-2(AGXT2),phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase(PEMT),and succinate dehydrogenase(SDH).Conclusion:We found that LGZGD can treat NAFLD by reducing inflammatory responses,inhibiting oxidative stress,regulating alanine,aspartate,glutamate,and glycerophospholipid metabolism,and citrate cycle pathways.

关键词： NAFLD LGZGD untargeted metabolomics glycerophospholipid metabolism citrate cycle

2.5-Dimensional Parylene C micropore array with a large area and a high porosity for high-throughput particle and cell separation

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2018年第1期4卷 286-297页

作者： Yaoping Liu Han xu Wangzhi dai Haichao Li wei Wang Institute of Microelectronics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Respirology No.1 Hospital of Peking UniversityBeijing 100034China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication Beijing 100871China Innovation Center for Micro-Nanoelectronics and Integrated Systems Beijing 100871China

Large-area micropore arrays with a high porosity are in high demand because of their promising potential in liquid biopsy with a large volume of clinical ***,a micropore array with a large area and a high porosity faces a serious mechanical strength *** filtration membrane may undergo large deformation at a high filtration throughput,which will decrease its size separation *** this work,a keyhole-free Parylene molding process has been developed to prepare a large(>20 mm×20 mm)filtration membrane containing a 2.5-dimensional(2.5D)micropore array with an ultra-high porosity(up to 91.37% with designed pore diameter/space of 100μm/4μm).The notation 2.5D indicates that the large area and the relatively small thickness(approximately 10μm)of the fabricated membranes represent 2D properties,while the large thickness-to-width ratio(10μm/<4μm)of the spaces between the adjacent pores corresponds to a local 3D *** large area and high porosity of the micropore array achieved filtration with a throughput up to 180 mL/min(PBS solution)simply driven by ***,the high mechanical strength,benefiting from the 2.5D structure of the micropore array,ensured a negligible pore size variation during the high-throughput filtration,thereby enabling high size resolution separation,which was proven by single-layer and multi-layer filtrations for particle ***,as a preliminary demonstration,the prepared 2.5-dimensional Parylene C micropore array was implemented as an efficient filter for rare cancer cell separation from a large volume,approximately 10 cells in 10 mL PBS and undiluted urine,with high recovery rates of 87±13% and 56±13%,respectively.

关键词： Parylene separation porosity