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An Assessment of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Turbulence in Maiduguri, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Air Pollution 2017年第2期6卷 27-43页

作者： david O. Edokpa Vincent E. Weli department of Geography and Environmental Management University of Port Harcourt Port Harcourt Nigeria

This study examined the level of turbulence in the atmospheric boundary layer in Maiduguri, north-eastern Nigeria. Five years (2011-2015) temperature and wind speed data at 1000 mbar pressure level retrieved from Era-Interim Reanalysis Platform was used. These data were gotten at 6-hourly synoptic hours: 0000H, 0600H, 1200H and 1800H at 0.125° grid resolution. The gradient Richardson (Rig) number method was utilised in analysing turbulence across three layers: 10 - 50 m (surface layer);50 - 100 m (mid layer) and 100 - 1300 m (upper layer). Findings shows that the surface layer is always in a turbulent state as over 95% of Rig values were below Richardson Critical (Ric) value of 0.25 with range 0.02 - 0.94. However, all values across the hours were below the Richardson Termination (RT) value of 1. Laminar conditions exist at the mid layer across the hours as 99.9% of Rig values ranging 0.88 - 8.02 were greater than RT of 1. Rig values for the upper layer were largely negative and ranged between -78.71 to -724.14. This indicates robust turbulent conditions. Turbulence generated through forced and free ascents prevailed at the surface layer and upper layer respectively. This shows that wind shear is dominant at the surface while thermal buoyancy prevails at the upper level. The months of February and September at 1200 and 1800 hours respectively are the periods of maximum (about 134 m) and minimum (below 15 m) heights were free convection destabilises forced convection in the study area. Relating findings to emission dispersion suggests that air pollutants will be transported across far and near distances at the upper layer and surface layers respectively. This is due to the stable nature of the mid layer that will limits vertical emission dispersion. Policy makers should ensure that potential emission sources stacks are above 50 m to ensure pollutants are dispersed aloft in the area.

关键词： Turbulence Gradient Richardson Number Maiduguri Emissions

An Investigation Into the Significant Impacts of Automation in Asset Management

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Economics World 2017年第5期5卷 418-428页

作者： Benjamin L.Britton david G.Atkinson Pearson Business School LondonUK

This paper explores the implications of applying automation, and a technological force in which computer systems can fulfill human tasks, in the asset management industry. The investigation explores a number of significant topics in which managers should begin contemplating, including workforce origination post automation and the primary skills necessary to facilitate augmentation, and how robot advisors could challenge an organisation’s value proposition. The investigation was centered on Jupiter Asset Management （JAM） to support their preparations for automation, as well as to provide insight from the “grass roots”. Research centered on interviews with experienced individuals within automation and asset management. The first interviewee was Simon Crawford, a Fixed Income, Multi-Asset Performance, and Risk Manager. The second interviewee was daniel Hulme, CEO of Satalia and Advisor to the UK Home Office. Of crucial importance to the success of this investigation’s data analysis before and after the commencement of interviews, was the use of an analytical pattern matching produce, which examined qualitative information. The findings identify that current entry level occupations with systematic and repetitive tasks in a fixed domain, will be automated. Placing a greater demand for analytical abilities in junior recruits as the cognitive understanding of what data represents is a weakness of Artificial Intelligence （AI） thus strengthening augmentation between employees and technology. Automated investment profilers known as robo advisors will challenge the value proposition of organisations, such as JAM, which in time will need to be onboard with the technology to remain competitive within a growing millennial market. The paper concludes that there is an evidentneed for asset management firms to design training processes that blend enhanced senior level shadowing, with programmes focused on broadening juniors’ abilities to interpret and apply AI’s generated data thro

关键词： automation asset management augmentation robo advisors future recruitment talent development

Fibre Treatment Uniformity in Pulp Refining

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Paper And Biomaterials 2018年第3期3卷 1-6页

作者： Richard J.Kerekes J.david Mcdonald Pulp and Paper Centre The University of British ColumbiaVancouverV6T 1Z4Canada JdMcd Consulting Inc. Vaudreuil-DorionQuebecJ7V 0G1Canada

This paper explores implications of previous work which suggested that pulp refining is achieved by a small number of *** a consequence,the purpose of multiple bar crossings in refiners is to expose many fibres to a few effective cycles,not to impose many cycles on each *** on this postulate,tensile strength increase was found to be well described by a cumulative probability equation having two parameters:(a) number of bar crossings and(b) probability of a successful refining outcome at each *** this paper,this concept further with additional refiner data was explored and the link between the probability term and measurable refiner variables was *** proposing the possibility,these two parameters may be a desirable alternative to specific energy and specific edge load for characterizing refining action.

关键词： pulp refining refining uniformity tensile strength refining characterization

Earth’s diminishing Magnetic dipole Moment is driving Global Carbon dioxide Levels and Global Warming

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International Journal of Geosciences 2015年第8期6卷 846-852页

作者： david A. E. Vares Michael A. Persinger Human Studies Laurentian University Sudbury Canada Behavioural Neuroscience Programs Laurentian University Sudbury Canada Biomolecular Sciences Laurentian University Sudbury Canada

Although there are powerful models that couple human activity with elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide levels and global warming, the relationships are still based upon correlations rather than causation. Consequently, there is always the probability of a third factor that produces both. Analyses of the diminishing magnetic dipole moment of the earth and the increased carbon dioxide levels and global temperature within the last 40 years revealed correlations of -0.99 and -0.90, respectively. This powerful association has been reported by other researchers. Why it has been ignored by the scientific community is not clear. The sources of the shift in average geomagnetic (magnetic dipole) intensity have not been identified but these relatively rapid decreases and increases have occurred historically with onsets of periods of warming and cooling, including glacier formation. If the long-time quasi-periodicity of the earth’s magnetic dipole moment is coupled to alterations in solar activity as the system moves around the galactic center, then attribution of elevated carbon dioxide-temperature to human sources rather than actual etiologies can be counterproductive to adaptation.

关键词： CO2 Global Warming Geomagnetic Field Magnetic dipole Energy Quantification

Steimann Pin Repair of Zygomatic Complex Fractures

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2013年第2期2卷 74-78页

作者： Jonathan B. Salinas darshni Vira david Hu david Elashoff Elliot Abemayor Maie St. John department of Head and Neck Surgery David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles USA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center Los Angeles USA

Purpose: To present the treatment of zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fractures with closed-reduction Steinmann-pin fixation and to compare it to the reduction and aesthetic outcomes of open-reduction techniques (ORIF). Materials and Methods: Case series. Charts for 23 patients with ZMC fractures presenting to the Head and Neck Surgery department at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center from 2005 to 2009 were reviewed. Pre- and post-operative computed tomography (CT) scans were analyzed. Follow up ranged from 3 to 55 months. Interviews were conducted to evaluate the patient’s satisfaction. Patients were placed in two groups: those treated with ORIF and those treated with closed-reduction Steinmann-pin fixation. Results: Twelve patients had complete data for analysis. Average operative time was significantly lower for patients treated with closed-reduction as compared to open-reduction: 65.3 minutes vs. 162.5 minutes (p = 0.02). Bony realignment and aesthetic results were comparable in both groups. Additionally, only one 1cm facial incision was required with this repair system versus several incisions using traditional methods. Conclusions: Closed-reduction Steinmann-pin fixation of ZMC fractures provides adequate bony alignment and aesthetics. Our study supports this system in the repair of ZMC fractures as it requires significantly less operating time, one small incision, and excellent patient outcomes.

关键词： Steimann Pin Zygomatic Complex Fracture Zygomaticomaxillary Complex Fracture

A Blueberry Extract Supplemented diet Partially Restores <i>α-Synuclein</i>-dependent Lifespan Loss and developmental defects in drosophila

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Advances in Parkinson's disease 2014年第2期3卷 3-9页

作者： david B. Lipsett Brian E. Staveley department of Biology Memorial University of Newfoundland St. John’s Canada

Oxidative stress has been strongly associated with Parkinson disease (Pd) aetiology. We investigated the effects of blueberry extract (BBE) supplementation on α-synuclein induced phenotypes in a drosophila melanogaster model of Pd. Enhanced α-synuclein expression in d. melanogaster dopaminergic (dA) neurons can reduce lifespan and we have performed longevity assays to measure the effects of BBE on d. melanogaster survival. Flies expressing α-synuclein in their dA neurons fed BBE had up to an 8 day, or 15%, greater median lifespan than those fed a standard control diet. In addition, BBE improved α-synuclein-induced developmental defects in the drosophila eye. Our biometric analyses revealed that individuals fed BBE had less atypical ommatidia as well as an increased number of mechanosensory bristle cells than those fed a control diet. We propose that BBE, rich in naturally occurring antioxidants, promotes the survival of neurons in tissues with increased levels of α-synuclein through a protective cell survival mechanism.

关键词： drosophila melanogaster Blueberry Extract α-Synuclein Model of Parkinson disease Lifespan Ommatidia development

Predictors of <i>H. pylori</i>infection in a safety-net hospital in Arizona

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第4期3卷 231-236页

作者： Sailaja Boddu david drachman Jyotsna Ravi Abdul Nadir Maricopa Medical Center Phoenix USA

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors associated with having H. pylori infection as proven by endoscopic biopsy at Maricopa Medical Center (MMC), a safety-net hospital in phoenix, Arizona which serves primarily patients with limited financial and insurance resources. Methods: A total of 1116 biopsies were identified in a department of Pathology database searched from November 2004 to March 2013. To be included, the subjects had to have an endoscopy with gastric biopsy. After the inclusion criteria were applied, 282 control subjects without histological evidence of H. pylori infection and 256 cases with histological evidence of H. pylori infection were identified. Patient charts were reviewed to extract information on variables collected for this study. Results: The mean age of cases and controls was 50.5 and 52.3 years respectively. The BMI of the cases and controls was 28.1 and 28.0 respectively. The mean number of upper endoscopic exams performed was 1.3 in cases and 1.4 in controls respectively. Potential predictors examined were gender, history of drug abuse, history of alcohol abuse, chronic pain medication use, smoking, employment status, outpatient vs. inpatient upper endoscopy exam, language spoken (English, Spanish, or bilingual), race/ ethnicity, type of insurance, heart burn, dysphagia, abdominal pain, gastroduodenal ulcers, intestinal metaplasia, and having vs. not having a primary care physician. Based on univariate analyses, having a gastroduodenal ulcer, having a history of abdominal pain, Hispanic race, government insurance status, self-pay insurance status, and speaking Spanish only were found to be significantly related to having H. pylori infection. These variables were next entered into a multivariate analysis. The multivariate analysis revealed that gastroduodenal ulcer, abdominal pain, Hispanic race and self-pay insurance status remained significant predictors of H. pylori infection. For the last 119 subjects, i

关键词： H. pylori Insurance Foreign Born

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房颤治疗新进展 1

Assessing Effects of Crop History and Soil Amendments on Yields of Subsequent Crops

2007年

作者：（英)david Schwartzman （英)Marco A. Zenati

本书内容包括房颤的基础、房颤治疗策略进展、房颤治疗新领域三篇。

ISBN: (纸本)9787533146177

本书内容包括房颤的基础、房颤治疗策略进展、房颤治疗新领域三篇。

关键词：房颤治疗

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Agricultural Sciences 2020年第5期11卷 514-527页

作者： Adrian C. Newton david C. Guy James Hutton Institute Invergowrie Dundee UK

Three field trials were set up to measure the effect of previous crops or soil amendments on the yields of subsequent crops of cereals under a cool temperate maritime climate in arable crop land in the east of Scotland. Winter wheat and winter barley direct drilled into legume and cereal + legume stubble (pre-crop) gave substantial yield boost compared with other pre-crop cereals, but pre-crop effects of oats were similarly great. Restored rotation after continuous barley gave expected yield enhancement to subsequent winter and spring barley but not to subsequent wheat. Some diseases were reduced on restored rotation crops. Slurry effects on yield were generally small but beneficial and compost effects were greater. However, compost had effects on plant developmental speed and was difficult to compare directly with other treatments. NdRE measurements in the restored rotation and soil amendment trials indicated that yield gains were associated with improved crop health as indicated by leaf chlorophyll content. There were no clear cultivar interactions within crop type with treatments effects in any of these trials.

关键词： Rotation Yield Soil Amendment Legumes Intercropping Compost Slurry