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Micro-strain regulation strategy to stabilize perovskite lattice based on the categories and impact of strain on perovskite solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 578-604页

作者： Caixia Li Wenwu Liu Shiji da Lingbin kong Fen Ran State key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals Lanzhou University of Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Lanzhou University of Technology

Photovoltaic metal halide perovskite solar cells(PSCs) convert light to electricity more efficiently than crystalline silicon cells, and the cost of materials used to make them is lower than that of silicon *** efficiency is not a core issue affecting the application of perovskite solar cells in special *** present, stability is the major technical encounters that hinders its further commercial development. Microstrain in PSCs is currently a significant factor responsible for the device's instability. Strain-induced ion migration is widely believed to accelerate perovskite degradation even when external stimuli are ***, it is imperative to study strain to enhance the stability of PSCs. This paper reviews recent developments to understand strain's origin and effect mechanisms on performance of PSCs, including ion migration,failure behavior, defect formation, and its effect on photoelectric properties, stability, and ***, several well-known strain management strategies are systematically introduced based on the strain effect mechanism and strain engineering on the film, providing more clues for further preparation with increased stability. The manipulation of external physical strain applied from films to entire devices has been extensively studied. Furthermore, recommendations for future research directions and chemical approaches have been provided. It is emphasized that strain engineering plays a crucial role in improving the efficiency and longevity of PSCs. Tensile strain causes rapid degradation, while moderate compressive strain and external strain control could improve properties and stability. Efforts should focus on controlling compressive strain to mitigate residual tensile strain and introducing it in a controlled manner. Future research endeavors may focus on exploring these pathways to improve the efficiency and lifespan of PSCs.

关键词： Halide perovskite solar cells Strain origins Strain effects Strain management

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Synergistic effect of bonding heterogeneity and phonon localization in introducing excellent thermoelectric properties in layered heteroanionic NdZnSbO material

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 259-272页

作者： da Wan Shuwei tang Shulin Bai Xiaodong Li Peng Ai Wanrong guo Tuo Zheng College of Materials Science and Engineering Liaoning Technical University Faculty of Chemistry Northeast Normal University

Layered rare-earth metal oxides, harnessing the dual properties of oxides and two-dimensional layered materials, exhibit remarkable thermal stability and quantum confinement effects. Therefore, this work adopts the first-principles calculation combined with the Boltzmann transport theory to predict the thermoelectric properties of NdZnSbO compound. The coexistence of weak interlayer van der Waals interactions, robust intralayer ionic bonding, and partial covalent bonding leads to remarkable bonding heterogeneity, which engenders pronounced phonon scattering and imposes constraints on thermal transport along the out-of-plane direction. The weakened chemical bonds induced by the antibonding states, together with the rattling-like behavior of the Zn atom, culminate in the profound anharmonicity in the layered NdZnSbO compound. The weakening bond and heavy element contribute to the softness of phonon modes, which significantly diminishes the phonon group velocity. The redistribution-dominated four-phonon scattering process spans a large optical gap, which effectively reduces the lattice thermal conductivity. The NdZnSbO compound exhibits direct semiconductor characteristic with a bandgap of 0.73 e V by adopting the Heyd-Scuseria-Ernzerhof(HSE06) functional in combination with spin–orbit coupling(SOC) effect. The multi-valley feature of NdZnSbO compound augur favorably for band degeneracy, thus amplifying the power factor. Consequently, an optimal figure-of-merit(ZT) of 3.40 at 900 k is achieved for the n-type NdZnSbO compound. The present study delves deeply insights into the origins for the low thermal conductivity of NdZnSbO compound and proposes an optimization scheme to enhance overall thermoelectric performance.

关键词： Bond strength (chemical)

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Photobiomodulation:a novel approach to promote trans-differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells into neuronal-like cells

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 598-608页

作者： daniella da Silva Madeleen Jansen van Rensburg Anine Crous Heidi Abrahamse Laser Research Centre Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of JohannesburgDoornfonteinJohannesburgSouth Africa

Photobiomodulation,originally used red and near-infrared lasers,can alter cellular *** has been demonstrated that the visible spectrum at 451-540 nm does not necessarily increase cell proliferation,near-infrared light promotes adipose stem cell proliferation and affects adipose stem cell migration,which is necessary for the cells homing to the site of *** this in vitro study,we explored the potential of adipose-derived stem cells to differentiate into neurons for future translational regenerative treatments in neurodegenerative disorders and brain *** investigated the effects of various biological and chemical inducers on trans-differentiation and evaluated the impact of photobiomodulation using 825 nm near-infrared and 525 nm green laser light at 5 J/*** adipose-derived stem cells can be used in autologous grafting and photobiomodulation has been shown to have biostimulatory *** findings reveal that adipose-derived stem cells can indeed trans-differentiate into neuronal cells when exposed to inducers,with pre-induced cells exhibiting higher rates of proliferation and trans-differentiation compared with the control ***,green laser light stimulation led to notable morphological changes indicative of enhanced trans-differentiation,while near-infrared photobiomodulation notably increased the expression of neuronal *** biochemical analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays,we observed marked improvements in viability,proliferation,membrane permeability,and mitochondrial membrane potential,as well as increased protein levels of neuron-specific enolase and ciliary neurotrophic ***,our results demonstrate the efficacy of photobiomodulation in enhancing the trans-differentiation ability of adipose-derived stem cells,offering promising prospects for their use in regenerative medicine for neurodegenerative disorders and brain injuries.

关键词： differentiation inducers green photobiomodulation immortalized adipose-derived stem cell near-infrared photobiomodulation neurodegenerative disease neurogenesis photobiomodulation trans-differentiation

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Tribonacci Partition Formulas Modulo m

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2010年第3期26卷 465-476页

作者： Ji■í kla■kA Institute of Mathematics Brno University of Technology

Each Tribonacci sequence starting with an arbitrary triple of integers is periodic modulo m for any modulus m 〉 1. For a given m, the mapping between the set S of all m^3 triples of initial values and the set of their coresponding periods define a partition of the set S. In this paper we shall investigate some basic questions related to these partitions from the point of view of enumerative combinatorics.

关键词： Tribonacci sequence modular periodicity partition formulas

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Advancement in utilization of magnetic resonance imaging and biomarkers in the understanding of schizophrenia

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第1期13卷 11-15页

作者： Aidan k Tirpack danyaal g Buttar Mandeep kaur Department of Psychiatry Campbell University School of Osteopathic MedicineBuies CreekNC 27506United States Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health Mercyhealth Hospital and Trauma CenterJanesvilleWI 53548United States

Historically,psychiatric diagnoses have been made based on patient’s reported symptoms applying the criteria from diagnostic and statistical manual of mental *** utilization of neuroimaging or biomarkers to make the diagnosis and manage psychiatric disorders remains a distant *** have been several studies that examine brain imaging in psychiatric disorders,but more work is needed to elucidate the complexities of the human *** this editorial,we examine two articles by Xu et al and Stoyanov et al,that show developments in the direction of using neuroimaging to examine the brains of people with schizo-phrenia and *** et al used magnetic resonance imaging to examine the brain structure of patients with schizophrenia,in addition to examining neurotransmitter levels as *** et al used functional magnetic resonance imaging to look at modulation of different neural circuits by diagnostic-specific scales in patients with schizophrenia and *** two studies provide crucial evidence in advancing our understanding of the brain in prevalent psychiatric disorders.

关键词： Schizophrenia Magnetic resonance imaging Biomarkers Neurotransmitters Psychiatric disorders

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人不是物:社会认知的稽古维新

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心理学报 2025年第1期57卷 173-189页

作者：董达陈巍绍兴文理学院心理学系大脑、心智与教育研究中心浙江绍兴312000 中国人民大学哲学与认知科学交叉平台北京100080

当代社会认知的理论版图可分为经典概念工具箱与正在与之对抗的新概念工具两部分。经考证,理论论和模拟论等经典概念工具集中诞生于1980年代的美国认知科学界,可以被视为1956认知革命蔓延至社会心理学领域的产物,而新概念工具可以被视... 详细信息

当代社会认知的理论版图可分为经典概念工具箱与正在与之对抗的新概念工具两部分。经考证,理论论和模拟论等经典概念工具集中诞生于1980年代的美国认知科学界,可以被视为1956认知革命蔓延至社会心理学领域的产物,而新概念工具可以被视为与第二代认知革命相适合的替代理论。历史上,社会心理学接受了认知主义的“物”的抽象认知原理,也全盘接受了它带来的理论负荷,即对“人”的感知被还原为对“物”的感知,并且隶属于后者。然而,基于“物”的抽象认知原理始终无法与社会认知的以“人”为本的实践经验相结合,也未能实现该领域的自治。事实上,这一理论困难并非一直存在于“社会认知”的历史路径中,至少在以Heider为标志性人物的1950年代早期社会认知中便不是这样。Heider“人不是物”理论体系在个体层面上包括知觉实在论、事件归因和生命性−非生命性范畴区分三个部分,但是第三个理论部件彼时囿于作者主题侧重、证据不足、技术匮乏等多种原因未能完成。结合当代来自演化和比较的、行为和发展的以及神经通路假设的新证据,通过重新发掘并最终完整构建了“人不是物”论题,尝试为当代社会认知理论困难提供一个建设性意见。

关键词：社会认知人的感知认知革命生命性主体间性

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Observation of topological charge transformations in acoustic vortex using passive periodic systems

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 140-147页

作者： Di-Chao Chen Xie Liu Changqing Xu da-Jian Wu Ying Cheng Xiao-Jun Liu School of Physics and Technology Nanjing Normal University key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics School of Physics Nanjing University

Vortex transmutation utilizes a periodic system, which not only enables the alteration of the topological charge(TC) of unstable input vortices but also facilitates their transformation into stable structures. This approach is crucial for investigating the characteristics of vortices in various wave systems. Here, we achieve acoustic vortex TC transmutation by employing a welldesigned dual-structured plate external system(DPES). The interactions between the acoustic vortex and the finite-order discrete rotational symmetry lead to the transformation of its topological charge when complete rotational symmetry is broken to Nthorder discrete symmetry. Our results experimentally demonstrate the acoustic vortex TC transmutation based on passive artificial structures, enabling numerous applications in particle manipulation and information multiplexing as well as advancing our understanding and control over free-space acoustic vortices.

关键词： acoustic vortex topological charge transformation artificial structure

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Single and multiple stressor effect of road deicers and Cu on Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) alevins from hatching till swim-up

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第4期30卷 368-378页

作者： urma Mahrosh BjФrn Olav Rosseland Brit Salbu Hans-Christian Teien Nortuegian Uniuersity of Life Sciences Department of Environmental Sciences N-1432 As Norway National University of Sciences and Technology H-12 Islamabad Pakistan Norwegian University of Life Sciences Department of Ecology and Natural Resource Management N-1432 As Norway

Road salts are frequently used for deicing of roads in the Nordic countries. During snow-melt, the road run-off containing high concentrations of road salt and various metals such as Cu remobilized from sand, silt and dust may negatively influence organisms in downstream receiving water bodies. The present work focuses on the impact of road salt（NaCl） and Cu, separately and in mixtures on Atlantic salmon alevins from hatching till swim-up. The results showed that high road salt concentrations could induce a series of negative effects in alevins such as reduced growth, deformities, delayed swim-up and mortality. For alevins exposed to all tested road salt concentrations（100–1000 mg/L）,mortality was significantly higher compared to control. In exposure to Cu solutions（5–20 μg Cu/L）, no effects on growth, morphology, swim-up or mortality of alevins compared to control were observed. In mixture solutions（road salt and Cu）, ultrafiltration of the exposure water demonstrated that only 20%–40% of Cu was present as positively charged low molecular mass（LMM） Cu species assumed to be bioavailable. When exposed to road salt and Cu mixtures, negative effects in alevins such as reduced growth, deformities,delayed swim-up and mortality were observed. The overall results indicated that the road salt application could seriously affect sensitive life stages of Atlantic salmon, and application of road salt should be avoided during the late winter–early spring period.

关键词： Road deicers Copper Atlantic salmon Alevins Biological effects

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Correlation between anxiety, depression, and social stress in young patients with thoracolumbar spine fractures

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2025年第1期15卷 83-92页

作者： Bo Wang da Shi Yin-Di Sun Bo Dong Joint Ward of Orthopedics Department of TCM Honghui HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710054Shaanxi ProvinceChina Pain Ward of Orthopedics Department of TCM Honghui HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710054Shaanxi ProvinceChina

BACkgROUND Traumatic injuries,such as falling,car accidents,and crushing mostly cause spinal fractures in young and middle-aged people,and>50%of them are thoracolumbar *** kind of fracture is easily combined with serious injuries to peripheral nerves and soft tissues,which causes paralysis of the lower limbs if there is no timely rehabilitation *** patients with thoracolumbar fractures find it difficult to recover after the operation,and they are prone to depression,low self-esteem,and other negative *** To investigate the association between anxiety,depression,and social stress in young patients with thoracolumbar spine fractures and the effect on rehabilitation *** This study retrospectively analyzed 100 patients admitted to the orthopedic department of Honghui Hospital,Xi’an Jiaotong University who underwent thoracolumbar spine fracture surgery from January 2022 to June *** general data of the patients were assessed with the Hamilton anxiety scale(HAMA),Hamilton depression scale(HAMD),life events scale,and social support rating scale(SSRS)to identify the correlation between anxiety,depression scores,and social stress and social *** Japanese Orthopedic Association(JOA)was utilized to evaluate the rehabilitation outcomes of the patients and to analyze the effects of anxiety and depression scores on *** According to the scores of HAMD and HAMA in all patients,the prevalence of depression in patients was 39%(39/100),and the prevalence of anxiety was 49%(49/100).Patients were categorized into non-depression(n=61)and depression(n=39),non-anxiety(n=51),and anxiety(n=49)*** significant differences in gender,occupation,Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)score,and monthly family income were observed between the non-depression and depression groups(Pgnificant difference in occupation and PSQI score was found between the non-anxiety and anxiety *** depression(r=0

关键词： Patients with thoracolumbar fractures Anxiety Depression Social pressure Social support

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Research of Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Composite Material Based on gypsum and Straw

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2022年第7期10卷 1859-1873页

作者： Nikola Vavřínová kateřina Stejskalová JiříTeslík kateřina kubenková JiříMajer Faculty of Civil Engineering VSB-Technical University of OstravaOstrava70800Czech Republic

This article is focused on the investigation of the mechanical and thermal properties of composite material that could be used for the production of plaster or *** composite material is made of gypsum and reinforcing natural *** article verifies whether this natural reinforcement can improve the investigated properties compared to conventional plasters and gypsum plasterboards made of pure *** this composite material,high-strength plasterboards could then be produced,which meet the higher demands of users than conventional gypsum *** their production,natural waste materials would be used *** part of the development of new building materials,it is necessary to specify essential characteristics for their later use in civil *** wheat straw and three gypsum classes with strengths g2(2 MPa)—gypsum Class I.,g5(5 MPa)—gypsum Class *** g16(16 MPa)—gypsum Class *** used to create the test *** were made with different ratios of the two ingredients,with the percentages of straw being 0%,2.5%,and 5%for each gypsum *** first part of the article describes how the increasing proportion of straw affects the composite’s mechanical properties(flexural strength and compressive strength).The second part of the article focuses on the change of thermal properties(thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity).The last part of the article mentions the verification of the fire properties(single-flame source fire test and gross heat of combustion)of this composite *** research has shown that the increasing proportion of straw reinforcement caused a deterioration in the flexural strength(up to 56.49%in the *** of gypsum Class II.)and compressive strength(up to 80.27%in the *** of gypsum Class III.)and an improvement in the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity(up to 31.40%in the ***).This composite material is thus not suitable for the production of high-streng

关键词： Composite material gypsum plasterboard crushed straw flexural strength compressive strength thermal conductivity specific heat capacity ignitability gross heat of combustion

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