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The Use of Secondary Grape Biomass in Beef Cattle Nutrition on Carcass Characteristics, Quality and Shelf Life of Meat

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第6期15卷 447-469页

作者： Vitor L. Molosse Guilherme L. Deolindo Rafael V. P. Lago Bruna Klein Claiton A. Zotti Marcelo Vedovato Marcylene V. da Silveira Priscila M. Copetti Maria R. C. Schetinger Juscivete F. Favero eliana L. Fiorentin Aleksandro S. da Silva Universidade do estado de Santa Catarina (UDeSC) Chapec Brazil Department of Animal Science UDESC Chapec Brazil Department of Animal Science Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina Xanxere Brazil Dean Lee Research and extension Center Louisiana State University Alexandria LA USA Department of Biochemistry Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Santa Maria Brazil Department of Medicina Veterinria UNOCHAPEC Chapec Brasil

We determined whether the inclusion of 100 g/kg dry matter of grape pomace silage (GPS) and grape pomace bran (GPB) as substitutes for other traditional fiber sources in the diet of steers (Charolais x Nellore) would improve carcass characteristics, meat quality and composition, and shelf life. Twenty-four animals (248 ± 19.32 kg of initial body weight) were fed a high concentrate diet for 121 days. Carcass characteristics were measured, and the longissimus dorsi muscle was analyzed for fatty acid (FA) profile and composition. The meat was sliced and stored in air-permeable packages for 10 days. On each sampling day (d 1, 3, 7, and 10), oxidative stability, bacterial load, lipid and protein oxidation, and staining were analyzed. The experimental diets influenced the pH of cold carcasses only. The GPS group had a higher pH than the control. The GPS and GPB groups showed improved oxidant status (i.e., lower lipid peroxidation and concentrations of reactive oxygen species were in the meat of both groups than in control). On the first day of storage, the antioxidant enzyme glutathione S-transferase activity was more significant in the meat of the GPS and GPB groups than in the control. The bacterial loads in the meat were attenuated by GPS inclusion;there were lower total coliform counts and a trend toward lower counts for enterobacteria in the control group. The diets altered the FA profile of the meat;i.e., the GPB diet allowed for a more significant amount of the n-6 omegas in the meat, while the GPS diet showed a tendency for a more significant amount of n-6 and 9 omegas. Both diets (GPS and GPB) increased the amounts of long-chain FAs. The GPS diet decreased saturated FA levels. We conclude that the dietary treatments GPS and GPB are a promising alternative to maintain meat quality standards throughout in real-world retail conditions. These treatments gave rise to an improvement in the nutritional value of the meat due to the more significant amounts of FAs that im

关键词： Animal Nutrition Antioxidant Biomass Grape Meat Quality Microbiology Residue

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代谢工程改造热带假丝酵母生产鼠尾草酸

食品与发酵工业 2024年第3期50卷 45-51,I0002,I0003页

作者：霍达陈献忠杨海泉曹钰江南大学生物工程学院工业生物技术教育部重点实验室江苏无锡214122

鼠尾草酸(carnosic acid,CA)是一种酚类二萜化合物,广泛存在于鼠尾草等唇科类植物中。CA具有抗肿瘤等多种生理以及药理活性,在日化、食品、医疗领域应用价值巨大。热带假丝酵母具有鲁棒性强、耐高温、产油脂等特性,因而在萜类化合物高... 详细信息

鼠尾草酸(carnosic acid,CA)是一种酚类二萜化合物,广泛存在于鼠尾草等唇科类植物中。CA具有抗肿瘤等多种生理以及药理活性,在日化、食品、医疗领域应用价值巨大。热带假丝酵母具有鲁棒性强、耐高温、产油脂等特性,因而在萜类化合物高效生产方面极具潜力。该研究根据热带假丝酵母密码子偏好性对来源于鼠尾草的铁锈醇合酶基因CYP76AH24和鼠尾草酸合酶基因CYP76AK6、来源于拟南芥的细胞色素还原酶基因ATR1进行全序列密码子优化以及基因合成。以生产鼠尾草酸前体次丹参酮二烯热带假丝酵母1C2PM04作为出发菌株,将上述基因整合到其基因组中成功合成鼠尾草酸。利用模块化工程与酵母不同亚细胞区室的空间组合,将上述3条基因以模块化的方式导入胞质和过氧化物酶体中进行表达,鼠尾草酸产量分别为10.25 mg/L和4.64 mg/L。通过下调角鲨烯合酶基因eRG9,降低法尼基焦磷酸池的消耗进而改变代谢通量进一步提高鼠尾草酸产量,效价达到26.3 mg/L。将细胞色素P450酶和细胞色素还原酶进行融合表达,测试以刚性linker(e3AK,e3AK×2,e3AK×3)和柔性linker(G4S,G4S×2,G4S×3)为连接肽,融合表达CYP76AH24和ATR1,鼠尾草酸产量提高1.54倍。该文通过增加CPR拷贝数,增加电子供体,进一步提高鼠尾草酸表达水平,产量达到78.24 mg/L。

关键词：热带假丝酵母鼠尾草酸细胞色素P450 融合蛋白代谢工程

evaluation of Medical Prescribers’ Theoretical Knowledge on Medical Imaging in the Northern Region of Burkina Faso

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Open Journal of Radiology 2024年第2期14卷 33-41页

作者： Some Milckisédek Judicaël Marouruana Ouedraogo Pakisba Ali Tankoano Aïda Ida Savadogo Habibou Kindo Bassirou Ouedraogo Nina-Astrid Bamouni Yomboé Abel Diallo Ousseini Department of Medical Imaging Ouahigouya Regional University Hospital University of Ouahigouya Ouahigouya Burkina Faso Department of Medical Imaging Souro Sanou University Hospital Nazi Boni University Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Department of Medical Imaging Bogodogo University Hospital Joseph Ki Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Workers Health Office Joseph Ki Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Medical Imaging Yalgado Oudraogo University Hospital Joseph Ki Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Introduction: Medical imaging is a medical specialty that involves producing images of the human body and interpreting them for diagnostic, therapeutic purposes, and for monitoring the progress of pathologies. We aimed to assess the theoretical knowledge of doctors and interns in medical imaging in the northern region of Burkina Faso. Methodology: This was a descriptive cross-sectional survey based on a self-administered questionnaire. Prescribers knowledge was estimated based on scores derived from questionnaire responses. Results: We collected 106 questionnaires out of 163, i.e. a participation rate of 65.03%. The average knowledge score was 81.71% for the contribution of medical imaging to patient management. It was 60.02% for the indications/counter-indications of radiological examinations and 72.56% for the risks associated with exposure to radiation during these examinations. The score was 59.83% for the methods used to select the appropriate radiological examination. As regards the completeness of the clinical and biological informa.ion on the forms requesting imaging examinations, the score was 96.65%. Specialist doctors had the highest overall level of knowledge (74.68%). Conclusion: Improved technical facilities, good initial and in-service training, and interdisciplinary collaboration will help to ensure that imaging tests are properly prescribed, leading to better patient care.

关键词： Theoretical Knowledge Medical Imaging Northern Region Burkina Faso

Supramolecular Polymerization of DNA Double-Crossover-Like Motifs in Various Dimensions

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高分子科学:英文版 2023年第10期41卷 1501-1507页

作者： Cui-Zheng Zhang da-Ke Mao Victoria e.Paluzzi Cheng-De Mao Department of Chemistry Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN47906USA

Double-crossover-like(DXL)molecules are a series of DNA motifs containing two strands with identical or different *** homo-or hetero-dimers can further polymerize into bulk structures through specific hydrogen bonding between sticky *** molecules have high designability,predictivity and sequence robustness;and their supramolecular polymerization products would easily achieve controllable *** addition,among all available DNA nanomotifs,DXL molecules are small in size so that the cost of DXL-based nanostructures is *** properties together make DXL-based nanostructures good candidates for patterning,templating,informa.ion and matter storage,***,we will discuss DXL motifs in terms of the detailed molecular design,and their supramolecular polymerization in various dimensions,and related applications.

关键词： DNA nanotechnology Palindromic sequence Helical twisting Supramolecular polymerization Controllable morphology

盾构淤泥质废弃黏土氧化镁固化-碳化试验及碳化机制研究

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岩土力学 2024年第2期45卷 364-374页

作者：闵凡路申政李彦澄袁大军陈健李凯河海大学土木与交通学院江苏南京210098 北京交通大学土木建筑工程学院北京100091 中铁十四局集团有限公司山东济南250014

盾构隧道施工产生的废弃土面临堆放、运输及处理等难题,将原材料丰富、生产耗能少、环境友好的MgO用于废弃土固化处理是一个值得探索的方法。通过改变MgO掺量a_(m)、养护龄期T、碳化时间H研究MgO固化-碳化淤泥质废弃黏土界限含水率w、... 详细信息

盾构隧道施工产生的废弃土面临堆放、运输及处理等难题,将原材料丰富、生产耗能少、环境友好的MgO用于废弃土固化处理是一个值得探索的方法。通过改变MgO掺量a_(m)、养护龄期T、碳化时间H研究MgO固化-碳化淤泥质废弃黏土界限含水率w、无侧限抗压强度q_(u)、弹性模量e_(50),结合微观形貌及矿物成分变化规律探讨其固化-碳化机制。结果表明:MgO固化-碳化具有明显的加固土体效果,加固效果随a_(m)、T呈先上升后趋于稳定的趋势,随H呈先上升后下降的趋势;不同a_(m)、T下,碳化4h会使土体塑性指数I_(P)降低57%以上,土体可塑性显著下降;不同a_(m)和T的固化-碳化土q_(u)均在H为4h时取得峰值,最高可达1.4MPa,比碳化前强度提升了220%~350%;固化-碳化反应对土体的e_(50)提升受a_(m)影响较大,当a_(m)超过9%时,碳化4h试样的e_(50)增幅在500%左右;MgO固化-碳化过程中水化产物、碳化产物不断生成和发育,形成网状、花朵聚集状的形貌,填充土颗粒间的孔隙,增强了土颗粒间的胶结作用,土体结构更为密实。该研究为长三角地区土压盾构产生的淤泥质废弃黏土的固化-碳化处理与再利用提供了思路。

关键词：废弃土处理活性氧化镁加速碳化微观形貌矿物成分碳化机制

Rifaximin on epigenetics and autophagy in animal model of hepatocellular carcinoma secondary to metabolic-dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第1期16卷 75-90页

作者： Matheus Truccolo Michalczuk Larisse Longo Melina Belén Keingeski Bruno de Souza Basso Gabriel Tayguara Silveira Guerreiro Jessica T Ferrari Joséeduardo Vargas Cláudia P Oliveira Carolina Uribe-Cruz Carlos Thadeu Schmidt Cerski eduardo Filippi-Chiela Mário ReisÁlvares-da-Silva Division of Gastroenterology Hospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90035-903Rio Grande do SulBrazil Graduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90035-003Rio Grande do SulBrazil experimental Laboratory of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Hospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90035-903Rio Grande do SulBrazil Laboratory of Inflammatory and Neoplastic Cells Universidade Federal do ParanáParaná81530900Brazil Department of Gastroenterology(LIM07) Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São PauloSão Paulo 01246903Brazil Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Católica de las MisionesPosadasMisiones 3300Argentina Unit of Surgical Pathology Hospital de Clinicas de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90035-903Rio Grande do SulBrazil Center of Biotechnology Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90035-003Rio Grande do SulBrazil Department of Morphological Sciences Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90.050-170Rio Grande do SulBrazil Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico(CNPq) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico(CNPq)ResearcherBrasília 71.605-001Brazil

BACKGROUND Prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is increasing,especially in patients with metabolic dysfunctionassociated steatotic liver disease(MASLD).AIM To investigate rifaximin(RIF)effects on epigenetic/autophagy markers in *** Adult Sprague-dawley rats were randomly assigned(n=8,each)and treated from 5-16 wk:Control[standard diet,water plus gavage with vehicle(Veh)],HCC[high-fat choline deficient diet(HFCD),diethylnitrosamine(DeN)in drinking water and Veh gavage],and RIF[HFCD,DeN and RIF(50 mg/kg/d)gavage].Gene expression of epigenetic/autophagy markers and circulating miRNAs were *** All HCC and RIF animals developed metabolic-dysfunction associated steatohepatitis fibrosis,and cirrhosis,but three RIF-group did not develop *** animals who developed HCC with those who did not,miR-122,miR-34a,tubulin alpha-1c(Tuba-1c),metalloproteinases-2(Mmp2),and metalloproteinases-9(Mmp9)were significantly higher in the *** opposite occurred with Becn1,coactivator associated arginine methyltransferase-1(Carm1),enhancer of zeste homolog-2(ezh2),autophagy-related factor LC3A/B(Map1 Lc3b),and p62/sequestosome-1(p62/SQSTM1)-*** with controls,Map1 Lc3b,Becn1 and ezh2 were lower in HCC and RIF-groups(Per in HCC compared to RIF(Pepatic expression of Mmp9 was higher in HCC in relation to the control;the opposite was observed for p62/Sqstm1(Pexpression of p62/SQSTM1 protein was lower in the RIF-group compared to the control(P=0.024).There was no difference among groups for Tuba-1c,Aldolase-B,alpha-fetoprotein,and Mmp2(P>0.05).miR-122 was higher in HCC,and miR-34a in RIF compared to controls(Per in HCC compared to RIF,and the inverse was observed for miR-224(Pere was no difference among groups regarding miR-33a,miR-143,miR-155,miR-375 and miR-21(P>0.05).CONCLUSION RIF might have a possible beneficial effect on preventing/delaying liver carcinogenesis throu

关键词： Animal model Autophagy epigenetic Hepatocellular carcinoma Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease Rifaximin

2022—2023年安徽沿江地区适宜机械化收获的耐迟播油菜品种比较

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园艺与种苗 2024年第7期44卷 77-79,84页

作者：徐达胜安徽省安庆市望江县雷池镇农业技术推广站安徽望江246200

[目的]探索适合安徽省沿江油菜生产区气候特点、适合机械收获的迟播油菜品种。[方法]精选市场上畅销、种植面积较大的13个油菜品种作为迟播品种进行筛选试验。[结果]秦优797、越优1203、徽油50、圣光168e、浙大622品种生育期适中,丰产... 详细信息

[目的]探索适合安徽省沿江油菜生产区气候特点、适合机械收获的迟播油菜品种。[方法]精选市场上畅销、种植面积较大的13个油菜品种作为迟播品种进行筛选试验。[结果]秦优797、越优1203、徽油50、圣光168e、浙大622品种生育期适中,丰产性和抗性均较好,可在望江县作为迟播品种进一步加大示范种植;陕油28、宁R101两个品种生育期较长,抗性较好,产量水平较高,适合望江县稻油轮作模式在10月20日前播种;阳光131、圣光127、科油杂2号品种生育期短,抗寒性和抗病性一般,具有生育期短的优势,可在望江县作为“稻-再生稻-油”模式的油菜品种进一步加大示范种植。[结论]该研究为望江县迟播油菜的品种选择提供了参考依据。

关键词：迟播油菜机械化收获比较试验油菜新品种

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葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶在病毒感染中的作用

生物化学与生物物理进展 2024年第8期51卷 1788-1796页

作者：陈冬雪李云龙魏大巧黄芬昆明理工大学基础医学院昆明650500

葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase,G6PD)是磷酸戊糖途径的第一个限速酶,不仅能维持细胞内还原型辅酶Ⅱ(nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate,NADPH)和还原型谷胱甘肽(reduced glutathione,GSH)的平衡,而且在维持细胞内氧化还原平衡中也起着重要作用。研究表明,G6PD活性的降低可导致细胞内的氧化还原平衡被打破,趋向于氧化态,这不仅会导致细胞生长和信号传递的失调,还会使机体对病毒更易感。然而,目前关于G6PD的变化对病毒感染易感性的影响还没有系统的文献报道。本文将对病毒感染与G6PD之间的关系进行综述。

关键词：葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶病毒感染氧化还原还原型辅酶Ⅱ

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Correlation between Intestinal Health and Coccidiosis Prevalence in Broilers during Different Seasons of the Year in Brazil from 2012 to 2018

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 179-198页

作者： Fabio Luis Gazoni Gabriela Miotto Galli Marcel Manente Boiago Lenita Moura Stefani Aline Zampar Marco A. Juárez-estrada Guillermo Tellez-Isaias Aleksandro S. da Silva Animal Health and Reproduction Veterinary Medicine Graduate Program Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM) Santa Maria Brazil Animal Science Graduate Program Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto Alegre Brazil Animal Science Graduate Program Santa Catarina State University (UDESC) Chapecó Brazil Departamento de Medicina y Zootecnia de Aves Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Ciudad Universitaria Ciudad de Mexico Mexico Department of Poultry Science Division of Agriculture University of Arkansas Fayetteville AR USA

Coccidiosis is a disease caused by intracellular protozoan parasites, specifically belonging to the genus eimeria. These parasites target the gastrointestinal tract in different types of hosts, causing sores in the intestinal lining. The presence of these lesions reduces the animal’s ability to digest and absorb nutrients, significantly impacting their overall performa.ce. The current study aimed to explore the potential correlation between seasonal variations and the incidence of eimeria spp-induced lesions in broiler chickens’ gastrointestinal tracts in Brazil from 2012 to 2018. A total of 8,607 broiler chickens, aged 14 to 42 days, were sampled from 103 poultry integrated companies in Brazil to conduct intestinal health examinations. The sampling process involved selecting 3 to 6 chickens from each poultry house for examination. The assessment included various abnormalities such as shedding of intestinal cells and excessive fluid and mucus presence, thickening and tension of the intestines, food movement, roughened mucosal surface resembling a Turkish towel in the small intestine, tissue death, duodenal inflammation, intestinal inflammation, gizzard erosion, presence of worms and bedding material, and ingestion of mealworms. During the seasons, winter exhibited the highest average occurrence of eimeria maxima microorganisms at 52.83%, with e. acervulina following closely at 26.42% in second place. In spring, e. maxima had an occurrence of 11.31%, while in fall, e. tenella had the lowest occurrence at 6.74%. When analyzing the seasonal occurrence of eimeria, it was observed that e. maxima micro was more common during winter compared to summer (P = 0.0491). However, no discernible variation was observed in the occurrence of the remaining species across different seasons. Research findings suggest that subclinical coccidiosis is most prevalent during the winter season in Brazil. Likewise, clinical disease caused by e. acervulina is also prevalent during this time. I

关键词： eimeria epidemiology Intestinal Pathology Broiler Chickens Brazil