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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2005年第10期 53-59页

作者： duan wansuo and mu mu (LASG,Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China)

The nonlinear optimization methods are applied to quantify the predictability of a numerical model for El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). We establish a lower bound of maximum predictability time for the model ENSO events (i. e. ENSO events in the numerical model), an upper bound of maximum prediction error, and a lower bound of maximum allowable initial error, all of which potentially quantify the predictability of model ENSO. Numerical results reveal the phenomenon of "spring predictability barrier (SPB) for ENSO event and support the previous views on SPB. Additionally, we also explore the differences between the linear evolution of prediction error and its nonlinear counterpart. The results demonstrate the limitation of linear estimation of prediction error. All these above results suggest that the nonlinear optimization method is one of the useful tools of quantifying the predictability of the numerical model for ENSO.

关键词： ENSO model nonlinear optimization predictability.

Coupled conditional nonlinear optimal perturbations and their application to ENSO ensemble forecasts

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第3期67卷 826-842页

作者： wansuo duan Lei HU Rong FENG LASG Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Limitations are existed in current ensemble forecasting initial perturbation methods for describing the interactions among various spheres of the Earth system. In this study, a new method is proposed, namely, the coupled conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation(C-CNOP) method, which incorporates multisphere interactions much appropriately. The El Nino-Southern Oscillation(ENSO) is a typical ocean-atmosphere “coupling”(or “interaction”) phenomenon. The C-CNOP method is applied to ensemble forecasting of ENSO. It is demonstrated that the C-CNOP method can generate coupled initial perturbations(CPs) that appropriately consider initial ocean-atmosphere coupling uncertainty for ENSO ensemble forecasts. Results reveal that the CPs effectively improve the ability of ENSO ensemble-mean forecasts in both temporal variability of Nio3.4 sea surface temperature anomalies(SSTAs) and spatial variability of ENSO mature-phase SSTAs. Notably, despite the weakest ocean-atmosphere coupling strength in the tropical Pacific occurring during the boreal spring and summer, CPs still capture the uncertainties of this weak coupling when ENSO predictions are initialized at these seasons. This performance of CPs significantly suppresses the rapid increase of ENSO prediction errors due to the high ocean-atmosphere coupling instability during these seasons, and thus effectively extends the lead time of skillful ENSO forecasting. Hence, the C-CNOP method is a suitable initial perturbation approach for ENSO ensemble forecast that can describe initial ocean-atmosphere coupling uncertainty. It is expected that the CCNOP method plays a significant role in predictions of other high-impact climate phenomena, and even future Earth system predictions.

关键词： Ensemble forecast multisphere interaction Initial perturbations ENSO

Advances in bio-inspired electrocatalysts for clean energy future

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Nano Research 2024年第2期17卷 515-533页

作者： Jing-Wen duan mu Min-Rui Gao Division of Nanomaterials&Chemistry Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Electrocatalysis can enable efficient energy storage and conversion and thus is an effective way to achieve carbon *** unique structure and function of organisms can offer many ideas for the design of electrocatalysts,which has become one of the most promising research ***,the understanding of the mechanism of bio-inspired electrocatalysis has become clearer,which has promoted the design of bio-inspired catalysts and catalytic *** bio-inspired catalysts(enzyme-like catalysts,layered porous catalysts,superhydrophobic/superhydrophilic surfaces,and so on)have been developed to enable efficient electrocatalytic ***,we discuss the key advances in the field of bio-inspired electrocatalysts progressed in recent ***,the role of bio-inspiration in increasing the intrinsic activity and number of active sites of catalysts is ***,the structure and mechanism of layered porous catalytic systems that mimic biological transport systems are comprehensively ***,the design of three-phase interfaces from micro-nanoscale to atomic scale is highlighted,including the wettability of the electrode surface and the transport system near the *** conclude the review by identifying challenges in bio-inspired electrocatalysts and providing insights into future prospects for the exciting research field.

关键词： bio-inspired electrocatalysts active sites layered porous structure three-phase interface

Evolution of nonmetallic inclusions in 80-t 9CrMoCoB large-scale ingots during electroslag remelting process

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第7期31卷 1525-1539页

作者： Shengchao duan Min Joo Lee Yao Su Wangzhong mu Dong Soo Kim Joo Hyun Park School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering North China University of TechnologyBeijing 100144China Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Hanyang UniversityAnsan 15588Rep.of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyBrinellvägen 23Stockholm 10044Sweden Department of Engineering Science and Mathematics Division of Materials ScienceLuleåUniversity of Technology97187 LuleåSweden Casting&Forging Business Unit Nuclear Business GroupDoosan EnerbilityChangwon 51711Rep.of Korea

In combination with theoretical calculations,experiments were conducted to investigate the evolution behavior of nonmetallic inclusions(NMIs)during the manufacture of large-scale heat-resistant steel ingots using 9CrMoCoB heat-resistant steel and CaF_(2)–CaO–Al_(2)O_(3)–SiO_(2)–B_(2)O_(3)electroslag remelting(ESR)-type slag in an 80-t industrial ESR *** main types of NMI in the consumable electrode comprised pure alumina,a multiphase oxide consisting of an Al_(2)O_(3)core and liquid CaO–Al_(2)O_(3)–SiO_(2)–MnO shell,and M_(23)C_(6)carbides with an MnS *** Al_(2)O_(3)and MnS inclusions had higher precipitation temperatures than the M_(23)C_(6)-type carbide under equilibrium and nonequilibrium solidification ***,inclusions can act as nucleation sites for carbide layer *** ESR process completely removed the liquid CaO–Al_(2)O_(3)–SiO_(2)–MnO oxide and MnS inclusion with a carbide shell,and only the Al_(2)O_(3)inclusions and Al_(2)O_(3)core with a carbide shell occupied the remelted *** M_(23)C_(6)-type carbides in steel were determined as Cr_(23)C_(6)based on the analysis of transmission electron microscopy *** substitution of Cr with W,Fe,or/and Mo in the Cr_(23)C_(6)lattice caused slight changes in the lattice parameter of the Cr_(23)C_(6)***,Cr_(21.34)Fe_(1.66)C_(6),(Cr_(19)W_(4)C_(6),Cr_(18.4)Mo_(4.6)C_(6),and Cr_(16)Fe_(5)Mo_(2)C_(6)can match the fraction pattern of Cr_(23)C_(6)*** Al_(2)O_(3)inclusions in the remelted ingot formed due to the reduction of CaO,SiO_(2),and MnO components in the liquid *** increased Al content in liquid steel or the higher supersaturation degree of Al_(2)O_(3)precipitation in the remelted ingot than that in the electrode can be attributed to the evaporation of CaF_(2)and the increase in CaO content in the ESR-type slag.

关键词： nonmetallic inclusion heat-resistant steel electroslag remelting M_(23)C_(6) carbide MnS inclusion supersaturation degree

Visualizing Wallerian degeneration in the corticospinal tract after sensorimotor cortex ischemia in mice

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 636-641页

作者： Jiao mu Liufang Hao Zijue Wang Xuyang Fu Yusen Li Fei Hao Hongmei duan Zhaoyang Yang Xiaoguang Li Beijing Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Neural Regeneration School of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijingChina Department of Neurobiology School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Stroke can cause Wallerian degeneration in regions outside of the brain,particularly in the corticospinal *** investigate the fate of major glial cells and axons within affected areas of the corticospinal tract following stroke,we induced photochemical infarction of the sensorimotor cortex leading to Wallerian degeneration along the full extent of the corticospinal *** first used a routine,sensitive marker of axonal injury,amyloid precursor protein,to examine Wallerian degeneration of the corticospinal *** antibody to amyloid precursor protein mapped exclusively to proximal axonal segments within the ischemic cortex,with no positive signal in distal parts of the corticospinal tract,at all time *** improve visualization of Wallerian degeneration,we next utilized an orthograde virus that expresses green fluorescent protein to label the corticospinal tract and then quantitatively evaluated green fluorescent protein-expressing *** this approach,we found that axonal degeneration began on day 3 post-stroke and was almost complete by 7 days after *** addition,microglia mobilized and activated early,from day 7 after stroke,but did not maintain a phagocytic state over ***,astrocytes showed relatively delayed mobilization and a moderate response to Wallerian ***,no anterograde degeneration of spinal anterior horn cells was observed in response to Wallerian degeneration of the corticospinal *** conclusion,our data provide evidence for dynamic,pathogenic spatiotemporal changes in major cellular components of the corticospinal tract during Wallerian degeneration.

关键词： corticospinal tract green fluorescent protein microglia spinal anterior horn cells stroke virus trace Wallerian degeneration

Evaluation of the injection and plugging ability of a novel epoxy resin in cement cracks

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Petroleum Science 2024年第2期21卷 1211-1220页

作者： Guang-Yao Leng Wei Yan Hai-mu Ye Er-Dong Yao Ji-Bin duan Zheng-Xian Xu Ke-Pei Li Jing-Ru Zhang Zhong Li State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource&Prospecting China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing102249China CNPC Liaohe Oilfield Gas Storage Co.LTD Panjin124000LiaoningChina CNOOC Research Institute Co. Ltd.Beijing100028China

Sustained casing pressure(SCP)is a crucial issue in the oil and gas production *** resins,exhibiting exceptional compressive strength,ductility,and shear bonding strength,have the potential to form reliable *** injectivity and sealing capacity of the epoxy resin is crucial parameters for the success of shallow remediation *** study aimed to develop and assess a novel solid-free resin sealant as an alternative to Portland cement for mitigating fluid *** investigation evaluated the viscosity,compressive strength,and brittleness index of the epoxy resin sealant,as well as its tangential and normal shear strengths in conjunction with casing *** flow characteristics and sealing abilities of conventional cement and epoxy resin were comparatively analyzed in *** results showed that the application of a viscosity reducer facilitated control over the curing time of the epoxy resin,ranging from 1.5 to 6 h,and reduced the initial viscosity from 865.53 to 118.71 m Pa,*** mechanical properties of the epoxy resin initially increased with a rise in curing agent content before experiencing a minor *** epoxy resin containing 30%curing agent exhibited optimal mechanical *** a 14-day curing period,the epoxy resin's compressive strength reached81.37 MPa,2.12 times higher than that of cement,whereas the elastic modulus of cement was 2.99 times greater than that of the epoxy *** brittleness index of epoxy resin is only 3.42,demonstrating high flexibility and *** tangential and normal shear strengths of the epoxy resin exceeded those of cement by 3.17 and 2.82 times,*** a 0.5 mm-wide crack,the injection pressure of the epoxy resin remained below 0.075 MPa,indicating superior injection and flow ***,the injection pressure of cement surged dramatically to 2.61 MPa within 5 *** breakthrough pressure of0.5 PV epoxy resin reached 7.53 MPa,decreasing the crack's perme

关键词： Sustained casing pressure Epoxy resin sealant Curing agent Viscosity reducer Mechanical properties Crack sealing

Prevalence and clinical impact of sarcopenia in liver transplant recipients:A meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第8期30卷 956-968页

作者： Min-Jie Jiang mu-Chen Wu Zhong-Hui duan Jing Wu Xiao-Tong Xu Juan Li Qing-Hua Meng Department of Hepatology Beijing You-An HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China Department of Emergency Beijing You-An HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China

BACKGROUND The prevalence of sarcopenia in patients undergoing liver transplantation(LT)remains to be determined partly because of different diagnostic *** has recently been recognized as a new prognostic factor for predicting outcomes in LT *** To estimate the prevalence of sarcopenia and evaluate its clinical effect on LT *** This systematic search was conducted in PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,and Cochrane Library for original English-language articles that investigated the prevalence and influence of sarcopenia in patients undergoing LT from database inception to November 30,*** studies of the definition of sarcopenia that estimate sarcopenia prevalence and evaluate its effect on clinical outcomes and the risk of mortality were *** Twenty-five studies involving 7760 patients undergoing LT were *** pooled prevalence of sarcopenia in patients undergoing LT was 40.7%[95%confidence intervals(95%CI):32.1-49.6].The 1-,3-,and 5-year cumulative probab-ilities of post-LT survival in patients with preoperative sarcopenia were all lower than those without sarcopenia(P<0.05).Sarcopenia was associated with an increased risk of post-LT mortality in patients undergoing LT(adjusted hazard ratio:1.58;95%CI:1.21-2.07).Patients with preoperative sarcopenia had a longer intensive care unit stay,a high risk ratio of sepsis,and serious post-LT complications than those without *** Sarcopenia is prevalent in a substantial proportion of patients undergoing LT and is strongly and independently associated with higher a risk of mortality risk.

关键词： Sarcopenia Liver transplantation Mortality Clinical outcomes

Flexible wide-range multidimensional force sensors inspired by bones embedded in muscle

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第3期10卷 49-61页

作者： Jie Zhang Xiaojuan Hou Shuo Qian Jiabing Huo Mengjiao Yuan Zhigang duan Xiaoguang Song HuiWu Shuzheng Shi Wenping Geng Jiliang mu Jian He Xiujian Chou Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China School of Software North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China School of Mechanical Engineering Hebei University of ArchitectureZhangjiakou 075000China HBIS Group Co.Ltd. Shijiazhuang 050023China

Flexible sensors have been widely studied for use in motion monitoring,human‒machine interactions(HMIs),personalized medicine,and soft intelligent ***,their practical application is limited by their low output performance,narrow measuring range,and unidirectional force ***,to achieve flexibility and high performance simultaneously,we developed a flexible wide-range multidimensional force sensor(FWMFS)similar to bones embedded in muscle *** adjustable magnetic field endows the FWMFS with multidimensional perception for detecting forces in different *** multilayer stacked coils significantly improved the output from theμV to the mV level while ensuring FWMFS *** optimized FWMFS exhibited a high voltage sensitivity of 0.227 mV/N(0.5–8.4 N)and 0.047 mV/N(8.4–60 N)in response to normal forces ranging from 0.5 N to 60 N and could detect lateral forces ranging from 0.2–1.1 N and voltage sensitivities of 1.039 mV/N(0.2–0.5 N)and 0.194 mV/N(0.5–1.1 N).In terms of normal force measurements,the FWMFS can monitor finger pressure and sliding trajectories in response to finger taps,as well as measure plantar pressure for assessing human *** plantar pressure signals of five human movements collected by the FWMFS were analyzed using the k-nearest neighbors classification algorithm,which achieved a recognition accuracy of 92%.Additionally,an artificial intelligence biometric authentication system is being developed that classifies and recognizes user *** on the lateral force measurement ability of the FWMFS,the direction of ball movement can be distinguished,and communication systems such as Morse Code can be *** research has significant potential in intelligent sensing and personalized spatial recognition.

关键词： password Morse force

Identification of Fusarium wilt resistance gene SiRLK1 in Sesamum indicum L.

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The Crop Journal 2024年第1期12卷 252-261页

作者： Yinghui duan Wenwen Qu Shuxian Chang Ming Ju Cuiying Wang Cong mu Hengchun Cao Guiting Li Qiuzhen Tian Qin Ma Zhanyou Zhang Haiyang Zhang Hongmei Miao The Shennong Laboratory Zhengzhou 450002HenanChina Henan Sesame Research Center Henan Academy of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhou 450002HenanChina Key Laboratory of Specific Oilseed Crops Genomics of Henan Province Henan Sesame Research CenterHenan Academy of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhou 450002HenanChina

Sesame Fusarium wilt(SFW),caused by Fusarium oxysporum ***(Fos),is one of the most devastating diseases affecting sesame *** the genetic control of SFW resistance is pivotal for effective disease management in *** inheritance study on a cross between the highly resistant variety Yuzhi 11 and the highly susceptible accession Sp1 using a Fos pathogenicity group 1 isolate indicated that resistance was conferred by a single dominant *** target locus was located in a 1.24 Mb interval on chromosome 3 using a combination of cross-population association mapping and bulked segregant *** genetic mapping further narrowed the interval between 21,350 and 21,401 *** locus Sindi_0812400 was identified as the SFW resistance gene and officially designated *** gene encodes a specific malectin/receptor-like protein kinase with three putative tandem kinase domains and is considered a kinase fusion *** analysis revealed that a high proportion(49.44%)of variants within the locus was located within the kinase domainⅢ,and several of which were evidently associated with the diversity in SFW response,indicating the critical role of kinase domainⅢin expression of disease *** findings provide valuable information for further functional analysis of SFW resistance genes and marker-assisted resistance breeding in sesame.

关键词： Breeding for resistance Genetic analysis Molecular analysis Tandem kinase domain

Conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation: Applications to stability, sensitivity, and predictability

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Science China Earth Sciences 2009年第7期52卷 883-906页

作者： duan wansuo mu mu State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

Conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation (CNOP) is a nonlinear generalization of linear singular vector (LSV) and features the largest nonlinear evolution at prediction time for the initial perturbations in a given constraint. It was proposed initially for predicting the limitation of predictability of weather or climate. Then CNOP has been applied to the studies of the problems related to predictability for weather and climate. In this paper, we focus on reviewing the recent advances of CNOP's applications, which involves the ones of CNOP in problems of ENSO amplitude asymmetry, block onset, and the sensitivity analysis of ecosystem and ocean's circulations, etc. Especially, CNOP has been primarily used to construct the initial perturbation fields of ensemble forecasting, and to determine the sensitive area of target observation for precipitations. These works extend CNOP's applications to investigating the nonlinear dynamical behaviors of atmospheric or oceanic systems, even a coupled system, and studying the problem of the transition between the equilibrium states. These contributions not only attack the particular physical problems, but also show the superiority of CNOP to LSV in revealing the effect of nonlinear physical processes. Consequently, CNOP represents the optimal precursors for a weather or climate event; in predictability studies, CNOP stands for the initial error that has the largest negative effect on prediction; and in sensitivity analysis, CNOP is the most unstable (sensitive) mode. In multi-equilibrium state regime, CNOP is the initial perturbation that induces the transition between equilibriums most probably. Furthermore, CNOP has been used to construct ensemble perturbation fields in ensemble forecast studies and to identify sensitive area of target observation. CNOP theory has become more and more substantial. It is expected that CNOP also serves to improve the predictability of the realistic predictions for weather and climate events play

关键词： optimal perturbation predictability stability sensitivity