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Status of study on biological and toxicological effects of nanoscale materials

science china chemistry 2005年第5期48卷 385-394页

作者： WANG Bing1, feng Weiyue1, ZHAO Yuliang1, XING Gengmei1, CHAI Zhifang1, WANG Haifang2 & JIA Guang3 1. Laboratory for Bio-Environmental Health sciences of Nanoscale Materials (Nanosafety Lab), institute of High Energy Physics, Chi-nese Academy of sciences, Beijing 100049, china 2. College of chemistry and molecular engineering, Peking university, Beijing 100871, china 3. Department of Occupational and Environmental Health sciences, School of Public Health, Peking university, Beijing 100083, china 1. Laboratory for Bio-Environmental Health sciences of Nanoscale Materials (Nanosafety Lab) Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 100049 Beijing China 2. College of chemistry and molecular engineering Peking University 100871 Beijing China 3. Department of Occupational and Environmental Health sciences School of Public Health Peking University 100083 Beijing China

Because the physical and chemical properties of nanosized materials mostly differ from the existing microsized materials, their potential impacts on human health and the envi-ronment will be topics under the serious discussions in press and in a number of international scientific journals. We analyze and summarize the existing data of the experimental study on the biological activities and adverse effects of nanoscale materials/particles including single wall carbon nanotubes, multi wall carbon nanotubes, titanium oxide and iron powders. Though some biological behaviors of nanoscale materials observed cannot be understood on the basis of the current knowledge, as the existing data are mostly preliminary, it is too early to make some ex-clusive conclusions on biological activities (or the toxicity) of any of nanoscale materials. The experimental techniques, the current topics, and the future research directions for this new re-search field are also discussed.

关键词： nanomaterials, single wall carbon nanotubes, multi wall carbon nanotubes, titanium oxide and iron, biological activity and toxicological effect.

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The influence of the Three-Gorges Dam on hydrographic and hydrodynamic conditions of the East china Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2011年第5期30卷 45-55页

作者： FAN Xiaopeng ZHOU feng CHEN Xueen HUANG Daji POHLMANN Thomas State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics Second Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Hangzhou 310012 China institute of Physical Oceanography Ocean University of China Qingdao 266002 China institute of Oceanography University of Hamburg Hamburg 20146 Germany Department of Ocean science and engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China

A fine resolution model has been applied to get more insight into the effects of a modified runoff due to the Three-Gorges-Dam （TGD） on the East china Sea （ECS）.The region of interest was confined to the offshore area in the vicinity of the Changjiang *** the east,it extended up to the area southwest of Cheju *** model was used to evaluate the effect of a modified runoff on the water properties of the adjacent regions like the Changjiang diluted water （CDW） and the Zhoushan Fishing *** sensitivity of the ECS to a modified Changjiang runoff was explored firstly by sensitivity studies and secondly by experiments based on historical runoff records and water management plans of the *** experiments led to the general conclusion that the most affected area by runoff is located close to the Changjiang River *** area of influence has an extension of about 150 km×150 *** the realistic experiment,the related anomalies reached their maximum value in early summer （May）.In normal years the related salinity anomalies can get to as large as 2.

关键词： Three-Gorges-Dam surface salinity anomalies stratification East china Sea

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Effect of nucleating agents on the electrical properties of cross-linked polyethylene under tensile stress

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High Voltage 2024年第2期9卷 429-439页

作者： Yunqi Xing Jiahao Liu Jingang su Junwei Zha Guochang Li Ze Guo Xiaozhen Zhao Mengjia feng State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment Hebei University of TechnologyTianjinChina Electric Power Research institute of State Grid Hebei Electric Power supply Co. Ltd.ShijiazhuangChina Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome engineering School of Chemistry and Biological EngineeringUniversity of Science&Technology BeijingBeijingChina institute of Advanced Electrical Materials Qingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdaoChina

during the operation of high-voltage cables,external stress and residual stress can affect the aggregated structure of insulating materials and lead to significant deterioration in their electrical *** investigate the evolution characteristics of the electrical properties of cross-linked polyethylene(XLPE)under mechanical stress,this paper ex-plains the relationship between the aggregated structure of XLPE and its electrical properties and proposes a method for improving insulation performance under me-chanical *** results show that metallocene polyethylene used as a nucleating agent can promote crystallisation through heterogeneous nucleation and increase Young's modulus by non-uniform nucleation,increasing crystallinity and reducing interplanar spacing,resulting in more complete crystal forms and reduced damage to the aggregated structure during the tensile *** nucleating agent modification,the XLPE crystallisation becomes more uniform,and interfacial adhesion forces *** weakened interface damage process between the amorphous and crystalline regions under tensile stress effectively inhibits the process of molecular chain polarisation turning and reduces trap *** modified XLPE crystal structure shows a tendency towards densification and enhanced molecular chain interactions,which can reduce the damage to the aggregated structure under tensile stress,while the reduced free volume inside the material and the shortened average free path of carriers can weaken the damage of high-energy electrons to molecular chains,thereby inhibiting the process of electrical tree *** results show that nucleating agents have great potential for maintaining the stable operation of XLPE cables under mechanical stress.

关键词： stress electrical damage

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Recent Progress in Fabrication and Structural Design of Thermal Conductive Polymer Composites

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Chinese Journal of Polymer science 2024年第3期42卷 277-291,I0004页

作者： Yuan-Kai du Zheng-Xue Shi Shan Dong Hui Jin Xue Ke Pei Zhao Bing-Bing Jiang feng You Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma chemistry and Advanced Materials School of Material Science and EngineeringWuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials Ministry of EducationHubei UniversityWuhan 430062China institute of molecular Aggregation science Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

In recent years, the demand direction for electronic equipment has expanded into embedded and miniaturized devices. The heat radiation problem has become one of the most significant factors for hindering the development of electronic devices. Since heat radiation material is one of the important components in electronic devices, the demand for enhancing thermal conductivity is also increasingly urgent. Research on thermal conductive polymer composites has become a major direction for developing functional composites. This work reviewed the recent progress in the fabrication of thermal conductive polymer composites. Five different structures are presented, including the using of single fillers,hybrid fillers, double threshold percolation structure, segregated structure and other complex multiphase structures. Specifically, the preparation of high-performance thermal conductive polymer composites was introduced through the combination of various thermal conductive ***, the development direction of high thermal conductive polymer composites was briefly explored.

关键词： Thermal conductive polymer Hybrid fillers Polymer composite Thermal resistance

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Nickel phosphorous trisulfide:A ternary 2D material with an ultra-low coefficient of friction

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Friction 2024年第10期12卷 2313-2324,F0004页

作者： Haoyu DENG Tongtong YU Changhe du Ruilin SHEN Yongkang ZHAO Xinjian HE Yange feng Liqiang ZHANG Daoai WANG State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication Lanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Center of Materials science and Optoelectronics engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China qingdao Center of Resource chemistry and New Materials Qingdao 266100China Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing Yantai 265503China

Ultra-low friction is crucial for the anti-friction,anti-wear,and long-life operation of ***,very few two-dimensional materials can achieve ultra-low friction,and they have some limitations in their ***,exploring novel materials with ultra-low friction properties is greatly *** emergence of ternary two-dimensional materials has opened new opportunities for nanoscale ultra-low *** study introduced nickel phosphorous trisulfide(NiPS3,referred to as NPS),a novel two-dimensional ternary material capable of achieving ultralow friction in a vacuum,into the large nanotribology ***-size and high-quality NPS crystals with up to 14 mm×6 mm×0.3 mm dimensions were grown using the chemical vapor transport *** NPS nanosheets were obtained using mechanical *** dependence of the NPS nanotribology on layer,velocity,and angle was systematically investigated using lateral force ***,the coefficient of friction(COF)of NPS with multilayers was decreased to about 0.0045 under 0.005 Pa vacuum condition(with load up to 767.8 nN),achieving the ultra-low friction *** analysis of the frictional dissipation energy and adhesive forces showed that NPS with multilayers had minimum frictional dissipation energy and adhesive forces since the interlayer interactions were weak and the meniscus force was excluded under vacuum *** study on the nanoscale friction of a ternary two-dimensional material lays a foundation for exploring the nanoscale friction and friction origin of other two-dimensional materials in the future.

关键词： two-dimensional(2D)materials NiPS3 ultra-low friction nanotribology

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Epithermal Ageing Mechanism of Gussasphalt

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Journal of Wuhan university of technology(Materials science) 2009年第3期24卷 466-470页

作者：郝增恒 School of Traffic science and engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Chongqing Communications Research and Design Instituts

The normal asphalt index test, DSR test, FTIR and the GPC distribution analysis of molecular weight on the extraction and recovery of asphalt of the gussasphalt, SMA extraction and recovery of asphalt and the rotary-thin-film-oven-aged asphalt above 240 ℃ were introduced. The results indicate the rutting factor and fatigue factor of the extraction and recovery of asphalt of the gussasphalt are greatly improved, and an obvious absorption peak of carbonyl and a further decrease of the SBS molecular weight of the gussasphalt are found.

关键词： gussasphalt epithermal ageing rheolagical performance fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy gel permeation chromatography

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SMALL ANGLE LIGHT SCATTERING MEAsuREMENT OF THE ISOTROPIC TO NEMATIC TRANSITION OF A SIDE CHAIN NEMATIC POLYMETHACRYLATE

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Chinese Journal of Polymer science 2002年第5期20卷 431-437页

作者： Zhong-ming Hu Ren-yuan Qian Shou-xi Chen Xiao-fang Chen Qi-feng Zhou Centre for molecular science, institute of chemistry Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 100080, china Department of Polymer science & engineering College of chemistry & molecular engineering Peking university Beijing 100871, china Chinese Acad Sci Inst Chem Ctr Mol Sci Beijing 100080 Peoples R China Peking Univ Coll Chem & Mol Engn Dept Polymer Sci & Engn Beijing 100871 Peoples R China

The kinetics of I-->N transition of a side chain nematic polymethacrylate has been studied by small angle depolarized light scattering intensity measurements using a charge coupled device linear image sensor. The polymer shows the transition temperatures K52N79I in degreesC, The H-v scattering intensity T(q,t) during the transition I (at 80.2degreesC)-->N (at 75.8degreesC) shows that T(q) is independent of q for all t, and during the initial stage (in 6 s) T(t) increases exponentially with t. In the later stage of the transition T(t) approaches a saturation value in 2 min. This experimental result indicates that the I-->N transition of a liquid crystalline polymer is a spinodal type of phase transition mediated by orientation fluctuation.

关键词： side chain nematic polymer isotropic-nematic transition small angle depolarized light scattering

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Coastal erosion in china under the condition of global climate change and measures for its prevention

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Progress in Natural science:Materials International 2009年第4期19卷 415-426页

作者： feng Caia, Xianze su a, Jianhui Liub, Bing Li b, Gang Lei a a Third institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, china b College of Marine Geo-science, Ocean university of china, qingdao 266003, china [a]Third institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Xiamen 361005 China [b]College of Marine Geo-Science Ocean University of China Qingdao 266003 China

The general characteristics of coastal erosion in china are described in terms of the regional geography, the form of erosion, the causes of erosion, and the challenges we are facing. The paper highlights the relationship between coastal erosion and sea level rises, storm waves and tides, and the influence of global climate changes on coastal erosion along the coastal zone of china. The response of the risk of coastal erosion in china to climate changes has obvious regional diversity. Research into and the forecasting of the effects of climate changes on coastal erosion are systemic work involving the natural environment, social economy, and alongshore engineering projects in the global system. Facing global warming and continual enhancement of coastal erosion, suggestions for basic theoretical study, prevention technology, management system assurance, and strengthening the legal system are presented here.

关键词： Global climate changes Sea level rise Coastal erosion china

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Hierarchically Fabricated Amphiphilic Copolymer/Gold Nanostructures via Hydrosilylation

Hierarchically Fabricated Amphiphilic Copolymer/Gold Nanostr...

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中国化学会第十二届胶体与界面化学会议

作者： Dongxiang Li,~1 Chunfang Li,~1 Anhe Wang,~2 Wanguo Hou,~(1,*) Junbai Li~(2,*) 1 College of chemistry and molecular engineering,qingdao university of science and technology,qingdao 266042 2 Key Lab of Colloid and Interface science,institute of chemistry,Chinese Academy of sciences,Beijing 100080

＜正＞Gold nanoparticles within a range of 1-100 nm shall fit to an increasing field of nanomedicine,the polymer modified nanoparticles have displayed an increasing interest for biological *** gold nanoparticles also ...

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Friction reactions induced by selective hydrogenation of textured surface under lubricant conditions

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Friction 2024年第1期12卷 174-184页

作者： Naizhou du Xubing WEI Xiaowei LI Zan CHEN Shiqi LU Jiaqing DING Cunao feng Kai CHEN Jianghao QIAO Dekun ZHANG Kwang-Ryeol LEE Tiancai ZHANG School of Materials science and Physics China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116China Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective TechnologiesNingbo Institute of Materials Technology&EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China Computational science Center Korea Institute of Science and TechnologySeoul 136-791Republic of Korea technology Development Department Shipbuilding Technology Research InstituteShanghai 200032China

The passivation of hydrogen atoms and the conformation of textured surfaces under oil-lubricated conditions are effective strategies to obtain amorphous carbon(a-C)films with extremely low *** is critical to understanding the influence mechanism of selective surface hydrogenation on the tribological behaviors of textured a-C film under oil-lubricated *** particular,the interactions of hydrogen atoms and lubricants are confusing,which is enslaved to the in situ characterization *** reactive molecular dynamics(RMD)simulations were conducted to analyze the friction response of textured a-C films with selective hydrogenation surfaces under oil-lubricated *** results indicate that the existence of hydrogen atoms on specific bump sites significantly decreases the friction coefficient(μ)of textured a-C film,which is highly dependent on the surface hydrogen *** repulsion between hydrogen atoms and lubricant molecules prompts the formation of a dense lubricant film on the surface of the mating ***,with the enhancement of the surface hydrogen content,the passivation of the friction interface and the repulsion between hydrogen atoms and lubricants play dominant roles in reducing the friction coefficient instead of hydrodynamic lubrication.

关键词： textured amorphous carbon(a-C) selective hydrogenation oil lubrication friction mechanism reactive molecular dynamics(RMD)

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