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创伤后深静脉血栓的预防机械预防和药物预防的前瞻性、随机性比较

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骨科动态 2006年第3期2卷 155-160页

作者： JAMES P. STANNARD ROBERT R. LOPEZ-BEN DAVID A. VOLGAS EDWARD R. ANDERSON MATT BUSBEE donna k. karr GERALD R. McGWIN JR. JORGE E. ALONSO 罗从风（译）费起礼（校） Investigation performed at the University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham Alabama 上海第六人民医院骨科 200233 天津市天津医院 300211

背景：骨创伤后的深静脉血栓是十分重要的问题，但相关研究甚少。本研究的目的是评估两种不同方法对预防钝性创伤后深静脉血栓和肺栓塞的有效性。方法：共有224例住院患者参与此项预防创伤后静脉血栓形成的前瞻性随机性研究。200例患者... 详细信息

背景：骨创伤后的深静脉血栓是十分重要的问题，但相关研究甚少。本研究的目的是评估两种不同方法对预防钝性创伤后深静脉血栓和肺栓塞的有效性。方法：共有224例住院患者参与此项预防创伤后静脉血栓形成的前瞻性随机性研究。200例患者最终完成研究，比较两种不同的预防方案。A组患者在钝性创伤后24-48h内使用依诺肝素（30mg，皮下，每天两次）。B组患者在人院后使用脉冲式足泵并延迟使用依诺肝素。所有患者在出院前均行静脉核磁共振和超声检查。结果：A组共97例患者，B组共103例患者。22例患者（A组13人，B组9人）有深静脉血栓形成，其中A组2例还发生了肺栓塞。本组深静脉血栓的发生率为11％，A组13．4％，B组8．7％；A组和B组之间的差异无统计学意义。A组出现大的或闭塞性血栓共11例（发生率11．3％），B组仅3例（发生率2．9％）（p=0．025）。A组肺栓塞的发生率为2．1％，B组为0。A组有21例患者出现伤口并发症，B组为20例。住院期间发生深静脉血栓的患者人均用血7.4单位，无深静脉血栓的患者人均用血3．9单位（p〈0．05）。结论：结果显示严重的肌肉骨骼创伤后，早期使用机械预防（足泵）并延迟使用依诺肝素对预防深静脉血栓是相当有效的。比较两组患者，B组患者大的或闭塞性血栓的发生率明显低于A组患者。可信水平：治疗性研究，Ⅰ级。详细的可信水平描述参见作者须知。

关键词：深静脉血栓形成药物预防创伤后随机性机械依诺肝素住院期间肌肉骨骼

Dysregulated bidirectional epithelial-mesenchymal crosstalk.A core determinant of lung fibrosis progression

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Chinese Medical Journal Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine 2024年第1期2卷 27-33页

作者： Liudi Yao Zijian Xu donna E.Davies Mark.G.Jones Yihua Wang Biological Sciences Faculty of Environmental and Life SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK Clinical and Experimental Sciences Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO166YDUK Institute for Life Sciences University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre University Hospital SouthamptonSouthampton SO166YDUK

Progressive lung fibrosis is characterized by dysregulated extracellular matrix(ECM)***-ing of disease pathogenesis remains limited and has prevented the development of effective *** an abnormal wound-healing response is strongly implicated in lung fibrosis initiation,factors that determine why fi-brosis progresses rather than regular tissue repair occur are not fully *** human lung fibrosis,there is evidence of altered epithelial and mesenchymal populations as well as cells undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT),a dynamic and reversible biological process by which epithelial cells lose their cell polarity and down-regulate cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion to gain migratory *** review will focus on the role of EMT and dysregulated epithelial-mesenchymal crosstalk.in progressive lung fibrosis.

关键词： Lung fibrosis Epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT) Crosstalk

Lk.1 depletion-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition induces fibroblast activation in lung fibrosis

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 417-426页

作者： Zijian Xu Elizabeth R.Davies Liudi Yao Yilu Zhou Juanjuan Li Aiman Alzetani Ben G.Marshall David Hancock.Tim Wallis Julian Downward Rob M.Ewing donna E.Davies Mark.G.Jones Yihua Wang Biological Sciences Faculty of Environmental and Life SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK clinical and Experimental Sciences Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO166YDUK Institute for Life Sciences University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre University Hospital SouthamptonSouthampton SO166YDUK University Hospital Southampton Southampton SO166YDUK Oncogene Biology The Francis Crick InstituteLondon NW11ATUK

The factors that determine fibrosis progression or normal tissue repair are largely *** previously demonstrated that autophagy inhibition-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)in human alveolar epithelial type Il(ATIl)cells augments local myofibroblast differentiation in pulmonary fibrosis by paracrine ***,we report that liver k.nase B1(Lk.1)inactivation in ATIl cells inhibits autophagy and induces EMT as a *** IPF lungs,this is caused by the down-regulation of CAB39L,a k.y subunit within the Lk.1 complex.3D co-cultures of ATIl cells and MRC5 lung fibroblasts coupled with RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)confirmed that paracrine signaling between Lk.1-depleted ATIl cells and fibroblasts augmented myofibroblast ***,these data suggest that reduced autophagy caused by Lk.1 inhibition can induce EMT in ATIl cells and contribute to fibrosis via aberrant epithelial-fibroblast crosstalk.

关键词： CAB39L Crosstalk EMT Lk.1 Pulmonary fibrosis

The vanilloid receptor and hypertension

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2005年第3期26卷 286-294页

作者： donna H WANG Department of Medicine College of Human Medicine East Lansing MI 48825 Michigan State University USA

Mammalian transient receptor potential (TRP) channels consist of six related pro-tein sub-families that are involved in a variety of pathophysiological function,anddisease *** TRPV 1 channel,a member of the TRPV sub-family,isidentified by expression cloning using the"hot"pepper-derived vanilloid com-pound capsaicin as a ***,TRPV1 is also referred as the vanilloidreceptor (VR1) or the capsaicin ***1 is mainly expressed in a subpopula-tion of primary afferent neurons that project to cardiovascular and renal *** capsaicin-sensitive primary afferent neurons are not only involved in theperception of somatic and visceral pain,but also have a"sensory-effector"*** the latter,these neurons release stored neuropeptides through a cal-cium-dependent mechanism via the binding of capsaicin to *** most studiedsensory neuropeptides are calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and substanceP (SP),which are potent vasodilators and natriuretic/diuretic *** evi-dence using the model of neonatal degeneration of capsaicin-sensitive sensorynerves revealed novel mechanisms that underlie increased salt sensitivity andseveralexperimental models of *** mechanisms include insuffi-cient suppression of plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone levels subse-quent to salt loading,enhancement of sympathoexcitatory response in the face ofa salt challenge,activation of the endothelin-1 receptor,and impaired natriureticresponse to salt loading in capsaicin-pretreated *** data indicate thatsensory nerves counterbalance the prohypertensive effects of several neurohor-monal systems to maintain normal blood pressure when challenged with *** therapeutic utilities of vanilloid compounds,endogenous agonists,and sensory neuropeptides are also discussed.

关键词： TRP family afferent neurons capsaicin calcitonin gene-related peptide substance P vanilloid receptor renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system endothelin,sympathetic nervous system salt-sensitive hypertension

Neuroimmune actions in the brain and interactions with the effects of alcohol

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第9期16卷 1791-1792页

作者： donna L.Gruol Neuroscience Department The Scripps Research InstituteLa JollaCAUSA

The neuroimmune system of the brain:Early studies(1990’s)on the neurological consequences of human immunodeficiency virus-1(HIV-1)infection in the brain were instrumental in establishing that specific brain cell types can function as an innate immune system within the brain and in that role influence cognitive function(k.ul et al.,2005).

关键词： Neuroimmune actions in the brain and interactions with the effects of alcohol

Resistance of Nanoclay Reinforced Epoxy Composites to Hyperthermal Atomic Oxygen Attack

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics 2019年第5期32卷 543-552页

作者： Hei-long Wang Vanessa J. Murray Min Qian donna J. Minton Ai-yi Dong k.n-tak.Lau Bo-han Wu Li Che Timothy k. Minton College of Science Dalian Maritime University Dalian 116026 China State k.y Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Montana State University 103 Chemistry and Biochem- istry Bldg. Bozeman Montana 59717 United States of America Department of Physics School of Science East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China Faculty of Science Engineering and Technology Swinburne University of Technology Hawthorn VIC 3122 Australia Beijing Institute of Spacecraft Environment Engineering Beijing 100094 China

Due to outstanding mechanical properties, heat resistance, and relatively facile production,nanoclay reinforced epoxy composites(NCRE composites) have been suggested as candidate materials for use on external surfaces of spacecraft residing in the low Earth orbit(LEO) environment. The resistance of the NCRE composites to bombardment by atomic oxygen(AO), a dominant component of the LEO environment, has been investigated. Four types of samples were used in this study. They were pure epoxy(0 wt% nanoclay content), and NCRE composites with different loadings of nanoclay—1 wt%, 2 wt%, and 4 wt%. Etch depths decreased with increasing nanoclay content, and for the 4 wt% samples it ranged from 28% to 37% compared to that of pure epoxy. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) indicates that after AO bombardment, relative area of C-C/C-H peak.decreased,while the area of the C-O, k.tones peak. increased, and the oxidation degree of surfaces increased. New carbon-related component carbonates were detected on nanoclay containing composite surfaces. Scanning electron microscopy indicates that aggregates formed on nanoclay-containing surfaces after AO bombardment. The sizes and densities of aggregates increased with nanoclay content. The combined erosion depths, XPS and SEM results indicate that although all the studied surfaces got eroded and oxidized after AO bombardment,the nanoclay containing composites showed better AO resistance compared to pure epoxy,because the produced aggregates on surface potentially act as a physical "shield", effectively retarding parts of the surface from further AO etching.

关键词： Atomic oxygen Epoxy Nanoclay Low Earth orbit

Increased salt sensitivity induced by sensory denervation: role of superoxide

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2004年第12期25卷 60-66页

作者： Alex F CHEN,donna H WANG Department of Medicine and Pharmacology & Toxicology Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48824 USA Department of Medicine and Pharmacology & Toxicology Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48824 USA

AIM: To test the hypothesis that production of superoxide in mesenteric resistance arteries is increased and con- tributes to the development of hypertension induced by sensory denervation plus high salt intak.. METHODS: Newborn Wistar rats were given capsaicin 50 mg/k. sc on the 1st and 2nd d of life. After weaning, male rats were grouped as follows and treated for 3 week. with: capsaicin pretreatment plus normal sodium diet (0.5 %, CAP-NS), CAP plus high sodium diet (4 %, CAP-HS), control plus NS (CON-NS), or CON-HS. Both tail-cuff systolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were measured in each of the groups. Western blot analysis was used for measurement of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in the mesenteric resistance arteries. Lucigenin chemiluminescence assay was used for superoxide production in the mesenteric resistance arteries. The Griess method was used for measurement of nitrite/nitrate levels in plasma. RESULTS: Both tail-cuff pressure and MAP were higher in CAP-HS compared with CAP-NS, CON-HS, and CON- NS rats (P<0.05). Both MnSOD and eNOS in the mesenteric resistance arteries were increased in CAP-HS compared with CAP-NS, CON-HS, and CON-NS (P<0.05). However, nitrite/nitrate levels in plasma were not different among 4 groups. Acute iv administration of tempol, a membrane-permeable superoxide scavenger, de- creased MAP in both CAP-HS and CON-HS when compared with their respective controls. However, the de- creases of MAP between these two groups were not different. Chronic treatment with tempol failed to prevent the development of hypertension in CAP-HS rats. Superoxideproduction in the mesenteric resistance arteries was increased in CAP-HS compared with CAP-NS, CON-HS, and CON-NS (P<0.05). However, chronic treatment with tempol did not prevent the increase of mesenteric superoxideproduction in CAP-HS rats. CONCLUSIONS: Regardless of increased vascular MnSOD levels, salt

关键词： superoxides tempol afferent neurons capsaicin denervation dietary sodium chloride nitric oxide

Energy tunnels:concept and design aspects

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Underground Space 2018年第4期3卷 268-276页

作者： Marco Barla Alice Di donna Department of Structural Building and Geotechnical EngineeringPolitecnico di TorinoCorso Duca degli Abruzzi 2410129 TorinoItaly

Geotechnical structures are increasingly employed as energy geostructures in Europe and *** being constructed for their primary structural role,they are equipped to exchange heat with the ground and supply thermal energy for heating and cooling of buildings and de-icing of *** technology can play a fundamental role in the current challenge of addressing the increasing need for clean and renewable sources of *** study investigates the possibility of thermal activation of tunnel ***,attention will be paid on a new energy segment,which can be used together with tunnel boring machine tunneling to create so-called energy *** and mechanical designs need to be developed by mak.ng effective use of computational methods to quantify the exploitable heat and assess the possible consequences on the surrounding ground and the structure *** on how to proceed in this direction will be provided in this study,showing how thermo-hydro and thermo-mechanical numerical analyses can be used to achieve a proper and effective design of energy *** examples of possible applications will also be presented.

关键词： Energy tunnel Geothermal energy Heating and cooling Geotechnical design

High energy femtosecond mid-infrared generation pumped by a two-color Ti:sapphire multipass amplifier

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第5期53卷 664-670页

作者： donna T. Strick.and Department of Physics Guelph-Waterloo Physics Institute University of Waterloo 200 University Ave. W. Waterloo Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada

Intense mid-infrared was generated by direct frequency mixing two pulses from a dual-wavelength Ti:sapphire system. From a multipass amplifier we generated two tunable wavelength femtosecond pulses with a total energy of 15 mJ. Pulse energy of 1.6 μJ and 7.4 μJ of mid-infrared light is achieved with and without its multipass amplifier at 9-11 μm, with pulse duration of 500 fs.

关键词：兰宝石激光器红外激光远红外激光超速激光激光放大器