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Reservoir characteristics and genetic mechanisms of gas-bearing shales with different laminae and laminae combinations: A case study of Member 1 of the Lower Silurian Longmaxi shale in Sichuan Basin, SW China

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Petroleum Exploration and Development 2020年第4期47卷 888-900页

作者： SHI Zhensheng dong dazhong WANG Hongyan SUN Shasha WU Jin PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development Beijing 100083China National Energy Shale Gas R&D(Experiment)Center Langfang 065007China

Based on thin-section,argon-ion polished large-area imaging and nano-CT scanning data,the reservoir characteristics and genetic mechanisms of the Lower Silurian Longmaxi shale layers with different laminae and laminae combinations in the Sichuan Basin were *** is found that the shale has two kinds of laminae,clayey lamina and silty lamina,which are different in single lamina thickness,composition,pore type and structure,plane porosity and pore size *** clayey laminae are about 100μm thick each,over 15%in organic matter content,over 70%in quartz content,and higher in organic pore ratio and plane *** have abundant bedding fractures and organic matter and organic pores connecting with each other to form a *** contrast,the silty laminae are about 50μm thick each,5%to 15%in organic matter content,over 50%in carbonate content,higher in inorganic pore ratio,undeveloped in bedding fracture,and have organic matter and organic pores disconnected from each *** formation of mud lamina and silt lamina may be related to the flourish of silicon-rich *** mud lamina is formed during the intermittent period,and silt lamina is formed during the bloom period of silicon-rich *** mud laminae and silt laminae can combine into three types of assemblages:strip-shaped silt,gradating sand-mud and sand-mud thin *** strip-shaped silt assemblage has the highest porosity and horizontal/vertical permeability ratio,followed by the gradating sand-mud assemblage and sand-mud thin interlayer *** difference in the content ratio of the mud laminae to silt laminae results in the difference in the horizontal/vertical permeability ratio.

关键词： gas-bearing shale lamina reservoir characteristics genetic mechanism Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation Sichuan Basin

Environmental risks of shale gas exploitation and solutions for clean shale gas production in China

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2021年第2期15卷 406-422页

作者： Shikui GAO Quanzhong GUAN dazhong dong Fang HUANG School of Economics and Management China University of Geoscience(Beijing)Beijing 100083China College of Energy Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development Beijing 100083China

Shale gas is a relatively clean-burning fossil fuel,produced by hydraulic *** technology may be harmful to the environment;therefore,environmentally friendly methods to extract shale gas have attracted considerable attention from *** previous studies,this study is a comprehensive investigation that uses systematic analyses and detailed field *** environmental challenges associated with shale gas extraction,as well as measures to mitigate environmental impacts from the source to end point are detailed,using data and experience from China’s shale gas production *** concerns are among the biggest challenges in practice,mainly including seasonal water shortages,requisition of primary farmland,leakage of drilling fluid and infiltration of flowback fluid,oil-based drill cuttings getting buried underground,and induced ***’s shale gas companies have attempted to improve methods,as well as invent new materials and devices to implement cleaner processes for the sake of protecting the *** more than 10-year summary,China’s clean production model for shale gas focuses on source pollution prevention,process control,and end treatment,which yield significant results in terms of resource as well as environmental protection,and can have practical implications for shale gas production in other countries,that can be duplicated elsewhere.

关键词： shale gas clean production resource saving environmentally friendly China

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致密砂岩气藏与页岩气藏展布模式

石油勘探与开发 2024年第4期51卷 667-678页

作者：戴金星董大忠倪云燕龚德瑜黄士鹏洪峰张延玲刘全有吴小奇冯子齐中国石油勘探开发研究院北京100083 中国石油大学(北京) 北京102249 北京大学北京100871 中国石化石油勘探开发研究院无锡石油地质研究所江苏无锡214126 中国石油大学(华东) 山东青岛266580

在阐述美国和中国致密砂岩气和页岩气资源潜力和年产量的基础上,系统梳理致密砂岩气藏与页岩气藏展布的研究沿革,分析页岩气藏、致密砂岩气藏展布特征及致密砂岩气成因类型。研究表明:(1)美国致密砂岩气在天然气总产量中占比由2008年的... 详细信息

在阐述美国和中国致密砂岩气和页岩气资源潜力和年产量的基础上,系统梳理致密砂岩气藏与页岩气藏展布的研究沿革,分析页岩气藏、致密砂岩气藏展布特征及致密砂岩气成因类型。研究表明:(1)美国致密砂岩气在天然气总产量中占比由2008年的35%降至2023年的8%左右;美国页岩气2023年产量为8310×10^(8)m^(3),在天然气总产量中占比由2000—2008年的5%~17%升至2023年的70%以上。(2)中国致密砂岩气占天然气总产量比例由2010年的16%升至2023年的28%以上;2012年中国开始生产页岩气,2023年产量达250×10^(8)m^(3),约占天然气全国总产量的11%。(3)页岩气藏展布模式为连续型,根据页岩气藏是否有断层切割及断距与气层厚度的关系,连续型页岩气藏可分为连续式和断续式两种。(4)与以往大部分学者认为致密砂岩气藏展布模式为连续型的认识不同,致密砂岩气藏展布模式不是连续型;根据圈闭类型,致密砂岩气藏可分为岩性型、背斜型和向斜型3种。(5)中国3大克拉通盆地和埃及Obavied次盆的致密砂岩气为煤成气,美国阿巴拉契亚盆地和阿曼迦巴盐盆地的致密砂岩气为油型气。

关键词：页岩气致密砂岩气气藏特征连续型成藏岩性型成藏背斜型成藏向斜型成藏煤成气油型气

中国页岩气新区带、新层系和新类型勘探进展、挑战及对策

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石油与天然气地质 2024年第2期45卷 309-326页

作者：邹才能董大忠熊伟傅国友赵群刘雯孔维亮张琴蔡光银王玉满梁峰刘翰林邱振中国石油勘探开发研究院北京100083 国家能源页岩气研发(实验)中心北京100083 中国石油大学(北京) 北京102249 中国石油天然气集团有限公司科技管理部北京100007

近年来,中国页岩气聚焦“三新”(尚未开展工作或工作程度低的新区带、新层系及新类型)领域,加大理论攻关与勘探力度,页岩气增储上产再上新台阶。基于中国页岩气“三新”领域理论与勘探新进展,分析其勘探特点、变化趋势和发展前景,探索... 详细信息

近年来,中国页岩气聚焦“三新”(尚未开展工作或工作程度低的新区带、新层系及新类型)领域,加大理论攻关与勘探力度,页岩气增储上产再上新台阶。基于中国页岩气“三新”领域理论与勘探新进展,分析其勘探特点、变化趋势和发展前景,探索中国特殊页岩气地质理论,明确页岩气发展挑战与对策。结果表明:中国在四川盆地及邻区创新建立了五峰组-龙马溪组特色的高-过成熟度海相页岩气富集理论,累计发现页岩气田9个,探明页岩气地质储量近3×10^(12)m^(3),形成了450×10^(8)m^(3)/a的页岩气产能,年产页岩气250×10^(8)m^(3)。明确了近年来中国页岩气“三新”领域勘探具三大特点:①四川盆地及邻区五峰组-龙马溪组在深层、极浅层勘探取得重大新发展;②四川盆地筇竹寺组和吴家坪组等多个新层系实现新突破;③鄂尔多斯盆地西缘乌拉力克组获得新发现,东缘山西组取得新突破。页岩气“三新”领域的勘探实现了三大战略性转变:①目标由单一类型、单一盆地和单一层系转变为多类型、多盆地和多层系;②选区由盆内或盆缘为主转变为盆内、盆缘兼顾盆外弱改造区;③思路由纯粹富有机质页岩转变为富有机质页岩系统。通过梳理中国页岩气“三新”领域勘探挑战,指出“三新”领域是中国页岩气可持续发展的方向,并提出了下一步发展对策。

关键词：勘探思路转变发展前景发展对策新区带新层系新类型页岩气中国

Laminae characteristics of gas-bearing shale fine-grained sediment of the Silurian Longmaxi Formation of Well Wuxi 2 in Sichuan Basin,SW China

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Petroleum Exploration and Development 2018年第2期45卷 358-368页

作者： SHI Zhensheng QIU Zhen dong dazhong LU Bin LIANG Pingping ZHANG Mengqi PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Langfang 065007 China National Energy Shale Gas R&D (Experiment) Center Langfang 065007 China

Based on various test data, the composition, texture, structure and lamina types of gas-bearing shale were determined based on Well Wuxi 2 of the Silurian Longmaxi Formation in the Sichuan Basin. Four types of lamina, namely organic-rich lamina, organic-bearing lamina, clay lamina and silty lamina, are developed in the Longmaxi Formation of Well Wuxi 2, and they form 2 kinds of lamina set and 5 kinds of beds. Because of increasing supply of terrigenous clasts and enhancing hydrodynamics and associated oxygen levels, the contents of TOC and brittle mineral reduce and content of clay mineral increases gradually as the depth becomes shallow. Organic-rich lamina, organic-rich + organic-bearing lamina set and organic-rich bed dominate the small layers 1-3 of Member 1 of the Longmaxi Formation, suggesting anoxic and weak hydraulic depositional setting. Organic-rich lamina, along with organic-bearing lamina and silty lamina, appear in small layer 4, suggesting increased oxygenated and hydraulic level. Small layers 1-3 are the best interval and drilling target of shale gas exploration and development.

关键词： Sichuan Basin Longmaxi Formation fine-grained sediment shale gas lamina Well Wuxi 2

Differences between Marine and Terrestrial Shale Gas Accumulation:Taking Longmaxi Shale Sichuan Basin and Yanchang Shale Ordos Basin as Examples

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2015年第A1期89卷 200-206页

作者： PU Boling dong dazhong ZHAO Jingzhou ER Chuang HUANG Jinliang School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Xi'an Shiyou University Xi'an Shaanxi 710065 China CNPC Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development Beijing 100083 China

1 Introduction With the rapid development of theory and practice, shale gas has gradually become an important part in diversified energy structure. Though a lot of research have been done mainly for shale gas exploration prospects, geological conditions and shale gas accumulation have been analyzed and summarized, prospective resources have been preliminarily predicted, and favorable exploration and development zones have been proposed, shale gas exploration and development is still at the exploratory stage in China.

关键词： SHALE gas NATURAL gas -- Prospecting BASINS (Geology) GAS reservoirs PETROLEUM geology CHINA

Geological characteristics and development potential of transitional shale gas in the east margin of the Ordos Basin,NW China

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Petroleum Exploration and Development 2020年第3期47卷 471-482页

作者： KUANG Lichun dong dazhong HE Wenyuan WEN Shengming SUN Shasha LI Shuxin QIU Zhen LIAO Xinwei LI Yong WU Jin ZHANG Leifu SHI Zhensheng GUO Wen ZHANG Surong Science and Technology Management Department of China National Petroleum Corporation Beijing 100007China PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development Beijing 100083China China Petroleum Consulting Center Beijing 100724China PetroChina Coalbed Methane Company Limited Beijing 100028China China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249China China University of Mining and Technology Beijing 100083China

The shales in the 2nd Member of Shanxi formation in the east margin of the Ordos Basin were deposited in a marine-nonmarine transitional environment during the *** on the recent breakthroughs in the shale gas exploration and theoretical understandings on the shale gas of the study area,with a comparison to marine shale gas in the Sichuan Basin and marine-nonmarine transitional shale gas in the U.S.,this study presents the geological characteristics and development potential of marine-nonmarine transitional gas in the study *** geological features are identified in the 2nd Member of the Shanxi Formation in the study area has:(1)stable sedimentary environment is conductive to deposition of widely distributed organic shale;(2)well-developed micro-and nanoscale pore and fracture systems,providing good storage capacity;(3)high content of brittle minerals such as quartz,leading to effectively reservoir fracturing;and(4)moderate reservoir pressure and relatively high gas content,allowing efficient development of shale *** 2nd Member of Shanxi Formation in the east margin of Ordos Basin is rich in shale gas *** favorable zones,Yulin-Linxian,Shiloubei-Daning-Jixian,and Hancheng-Huangling are developed,with a total area of 1.28×104 km2 and resources between 1.8×1012 and 2.9×1012m3,indicating a huge exploration *** of the 2nd Member of Shanxi Formation in vertical wells show that the favorable intervals have stable gas production and high reserves controlled by single well,good recoverability and *** shale interval has sufficient energy,stable production capacity,and good development prospects,as evidenced by systematic well *** east margin of the Ordos Basin has several shale intervals in the Shanxi and Taiyuan formations,and several coal seams interbedded,so collaborative production of different types of natural gas in different intervals can be *** study results can provide reference for shale gas ex

关键词： shale gas marine-nonmarine transitional shale favorable area collaborative production Permian Shanxi Formation Ordos Basin

Geological Conditions and Prospect Forecast of Shale Gas Formation in Qiangtang Basin, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2014年第2期88卷 598-619页

作者： YU Yuanjiang ZOU Caineng dong dazhong WANG Shejiao LI Jianzhong YANG Hua LI Denghua LI Xinjing WANG Yuman HUANG Jinliang PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development

The presence of shale gas has been confirmed in almost every marine shale distribution area in North *** conditions of shale gas in China are the most favorable for marine,organic-rich shale as *** there has been little research focusing on shale gas in Qiangtang Basin,Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,where a lot of Mesozoic marine shale formations *** on the survey results of petroleum geology and comprehensive test analysis data for Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,for the first time,this paper discusses characteristics of sedimentary development,thickness distribution,geochemistry,reservoir and burial depth of organic-rich shale,and geological conditions for shale gas formation in Qiangtang *** are four sets of marine shale strata in Qiangtang Basin including Upper Triassic Xiaochaka Formation （T3x）,Middle Jurassic Buqu Formation （J2b）,Xiali Formation （J2x） and Upper Jurassic Suowa Formation （J3s）,the sedimentary types of which are mainly bathyal-basin facies,open platform-platform margin slope facies,lagoon and tidal-fiat facies,as well as delta *** comparing it with the indicators of gas shale in the main ***,it was found that the four marine shale formations in Qiangtang Basin constitute a multi-layer distribution of organic-rich shale,featuring a high degree of thickness and low abundance of organic matter,high thermal evolution maturity,many kinds of brittle minerals,an equivalent content of quartz and clay minerals,a high content of feldspar and low porosity,which provide basic conditions for an accumulation of shale gas *** Formation shale is widely distributed,with big thickness and the best gas generating *** is the main gas source *** Formation shale is of intermediate thickness and coverage area,with relatively good gas generating indicators and moderate gas formation *** Formation shale and Suowa Formation shale are of relatively large thickness,and covering a small area,with p

关键词： Shale gas marine shale geological characteristics geological conditions for gas formation resources prospect forecast Qiangtang Basin

Characterization of natural fractures in deep-marine shales: a case study of the Wufeng and Longmaxi shale in the Luzhou Block Sichuan Basin, China

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2023年第1期17卷 337-350页

作者： Shasha SUN Saipeng HUANG Enrique GOMEZ-RIVAS Albert GRIERA ΒοLIU Lulu XU Yaru WEN dazhong dong Zhensheng SHI Yan CHANG Yin XING PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development Beijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Continental Shale Hydrocarbon Accumulation and Efficient Development Ministry of EducationNortheast Petroleum UniversityDaqing 163318China Departament de Mineralogia Petrologia i Geologia AplicadaFacultat de Ciències de la TerraUniversitat de Barcelona(UB)c/Martíi Franquès s/nBarcelona 08028Spain Departament de Geologia Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterra 08193Cerdanyola del VallèsSpain Hubei Geological Survey Wuhan 430034China School of Geography Science and Geomatics Engineering Suzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou 215009China

Natural fractures are of crucial importance for oil and gas reservoirs,especially for those with ultralow permeability and *** deep-marine shale gas reservoirs of the Wufeng and Longmaxi Formations are typical targets for the study of natural fracture *** descriptions of full-diameter shale drill core,together with 3D Computed Tomography scans and Formation MicroScanner Image data acquisition,were carried out to characterize microfracture morphology in order to obtain the key parameters of natural fractures in such *** fracture type,orientation,and their macroscopic and microscopic distribution features are *** results show that the natural fracture density appears to remarkably decrease in the Wufeng and Longmaxi Formations with increasing the burial *** trends have been observed for fracture length and ***,the natural fracture density diminishes as the formation thickness *** are three main types of natural fractures,which we interpret as(I)mineral-filled fractures(by pyrite and calcite),i.e.,veins,(II)those induced by tectonic stress,and(III)those formed by other processes(including diagenetic shrinkage and fluid overpressure).Natural fracture orientations estimated from the studied natural fractures in the Luzhou block are not consistent with the present-day stress *** difference in tortuosity between horizontally and vertically oriented fractures reveals their morphological *** addition,natural fracture density,host rock formation thickness,average total organic carbon and effective porosity are found to be important factors for evaluating shale gas *** study also reveals that the high density of natural fractures is decisive to evaluate the shale gas *** results may have significant implications for evaluating favorable exploration areas of shale gas reservoirs and can be applied to optimize hydraulic fracturing for permeability enhancement.

关键词： marine shale natural fracture filled fracture tortuosity