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Particle Size Optimization of Thermochemical Salt Hydrates for High Energy Density Thermal Storage

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第2期7卷 326-333页

作者： Andrew Martin Drew Lilley Raνi Prasher Sumanjeet Kaur Energy Technologies Area Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA Department of Mechanical Engineering UC BerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720USA

Thermal energy storage(TES)solutions offer opportunities to reduce energy consumption,greenhouse gas emissions,and ***,they can help reduce the peak load and address the intermittency of renewable energy sources by time shifting the load,which are critical toward zero energy *** materials(TCMs)as a class of TES undergo a solid-gas reversible chemical reaction with water vapor to store and release energy with high storage capacities(600 kWh m^(-3))and negligible self-discharge that makes them uniquely suited as compact,stand-alone units for daily or seasonal ***,TCMs suffer from instabilities at the material(salt particles)and reactor level(packed beds of salt),resulting in poor multi-cycle efficiency and high-levelized cost of *** this study,a model is developed to predict the pulverization limit or Rcrit of various salt hydrates during thermal *** is critical as it provides design rules to make mechanically stable TCM composites as well as enables the use of more energy-efficient manufacturing process(solid-state mixing)to make the *** model is experimentally validated on multiple TCM salt hydrates with different water content,and effect of Rcrit on hydration and dehydration kinetics is also investigated.

关键词： high energy density hydration kinetics long-term cycling thermal energy storage thermochemical materials

ionogels and eutectogels for stable and long-term EEG and EMG signal acquisition

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Materials Futures 2024年第3期3卷 95-110页

作者： Asmita Veronica Hnin Yin Yin Nyein i-Ming Hsing Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayHong Kong Special Administrative Region of ChinaPeople’s Republic of China

Neurological injuries and disorders have a significant impact on individuals’quality of life,often resulting in motor and sensory *** assess motor performance and monitor neurological disorders,non-invasive techniques such as electroencephalography(EEG)and electromyography(EMG)are commonly *** employed wet electrodes with conductive gels are limited by lengthy skin preparation time and allergic *** dry electrodes and hydrogel-based electrodes can mitigate these issues,their applicability for long-term monitoring is *** electrodes are susceptible to motion artifacts,whereas hydrogel-based electrodes face challenges related to water-induced ***,ionogels and eutectogels derived from ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents have gained immense popularity due to their non-volatility,ionic conductivity,thermal stability,and ***,in particular,exhibit superior *** characteristics make them suitable alternatives for the development of safer,robust,and reliable EEG and EMG ***,research specifically focused on their application for EEG and EMG signal acquisition remains *** article explores the electrode requirements and material advancements in EEG and EMG sensing,with a focus on highlighting the benefits that ionogels and eutectogels offer over conventional *** sheds light on the current limitations of these materials and proposes areas for further improvement in this *** potential of these gel-based materials to achieve a seamless interface for high-quality and long-term electrophysiological signal acquisition is *** the unique properties of ionogels and eutectogels holds promise for future advancements in EEG and EMG electrode materials,leading to improved monitoring systems and enhanced patient outcomes.

关键词： ionogel eutectogel electrode electroencephalography electromyography

Data-driven modeling on anisotropic mechanical behavior of brain tissue with internal pressure

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第3期33卷 55-65页

作者： Zhiyuan Tang Yu Wang Khalil i.Elkhodary Zefeng Yu shan Tang Dan Peng State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis Optimization and CAE Software for Industrial EquipmentDalian University of Technology116023DalianPR China The Department of Mechanical Engineering The American University in CairoNew Cairo11835Egypt Department of Neurology The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalian116023PR China

Brain tissue is one of the softest parts of the human body,composed of white matter and grey *** mechanical behavior of the brain tissue plays an essential role in regulating brain morphology and brain ***,traumatic brain injury(TBi)and various brain diseases are also greatly influenced by the brain's mechanical *** white matter or grey matter,brain tissue contains multiscale structures composed of neurons,glial cells,fibers,blood vessels,etc.,each with different mechanical *** such,brain tissue exhibits complex mechanical behavior,usually with strong nonlinearity,heterogeneity,and directional *** a constitutive law for multiscale brain tissue using traditional function-based approaches can be very ***,this paper proposes a data-driven approach to establish the desired mechanical model of brain *** focus on blood vessels with internal pressure embedded in a white or grey matter matrix material to demonstrate our *** matrix is described by an isotropic or anisotropic nonlinear elastic model.A representative unit cell(RUC)with blood vessels is built,which is used to generate the stress-strain data under different internal blood pressure and various proportional displacement loading *** generated stress-strain data is then used to train a mechanical law using artificial neural networks to predict the macroscopic mechanical response of brain tissue under different internal ***,the trained material model is implemented into finite element software to predict the mechanical behavior of a whole brain under intracranial pressure and distributed body *** with a direct numerical simulation that employs a reference material model,our proposed approach greatly reduces the computational cost and improves modeling *** predictions made by our trained model demonstrate sufficient ***,we find that the level of internal blood pressur

关键词： Data driven Constitutive law Anisotropy Brain tissue internal pressure

Ferritin and mortality in hemodialysis patients with COViD-19:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第1期17卷 4-11页

作者： Ni Wayan Anantika Riani i Gde Raka Widiana Yenny Kandarini Nephrology Division Department of Internal MedicineUdayana University/Udayana University HospitalBaliIndonesia Nephrology Division Department of Internal MedicineUdayana University/Prof.Dr.I.G.N.G.Ngoerah General HospitalBaliIndonesia

Objective:To investigate the difference in serum ferritin levels between deceased and surviving regular hemodialysis patients with ***:We conducted a systematic search across four databases following the PRiSMA statement *** reporting ferritin levels and mortality of regular hemodialysis patients with COViD-19 were *** the random-effects model,we performed a meta-analysis to determine the mean difference in serum ferritin levels between the studied groups,along with their corresponding 95%confidence *** meta-analysis was carried out using Review Manager 5.4 and Stata ***:A total of 1013 patients from seven studies were included in this *** meta-analysis showed higher mean serum ferritin in the deceased compared to surviving regular hemodialysis patients with COViD-19,with a mean difference of 449.43 ng/mL[95%Ci(244.07,654.80),Pi2=58%,P=0.003].Conclusions:Our study found a higher mean of serum ferritin levels in the deceased compared to surviving regular hemodialysis patients with COViD-19.

关键词： Ferritin Mortality Hemodialysis COViD-19 inflammation

impact of surface roughness on the coefficient of friction of polymer-on-polymer contacts for deflection pulley-rope systems in the lift industry

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Friction 2024年第9期12卷 2126-2138页

作者： Ainhoa GUiNEA Andrea AGiNAGALDE Wilson TATO iñigo LLAVORi Pablo GARCiA Leire ARRAiAGO Alaitz ZABALA Mechanical and industrial Production Department Mondragon UnibertsitateaMondragon 20500Spain Orona EiC Orona IdeoHernani 20120Spain

The coefficient of friction(CoF)between the deflection pulley and rope in a lift strongly affects the life span of the *** surface roughness is a key factor affecting the metallic pulley–rope CoF,its effect on polymeric pulleys is *** present study analyses the effect of roughness and working conditions on cast polyamide 6(PA6G)deflection pulley–thermoplastic polyurethane(TPU)-coated rope *** statistical analysis revealed that the effect of surface roughness on the CoF for low-load tests was *** present study contributes significantly to parameter selection in deflection pulley machining to minimise friction between the pulley and rope.

关键词： polymer-on-polymer friction roughness dry sliding

A plant growth chamber system equipped with aerosol generators for studying aerosol-vegetation interactions

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Particuology 2024年第2期85卷 122-132页

作者： Masao Gen Seiji ikawa Masahiro Yamaguchi Fong Zyin Lim Takeshi izuta i.Wuled Lenggoro Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyKoganeiTokyo184-8588Japan institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials Tohoku UniversitySendai980-8577Japan Faculty of Agriculture Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyFuchuTokyo183-8509Japan Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences Nagasaki UniversityNagasaki852-8521Japan institute of Agriculture Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyFuchuTokyo183-8509 Japan Department of Applied Physics and Chemical Engineering Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyKoganeiTokyo184-8588Japan institute of Global innovation Research Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyFuchuTokyo183-8509Japan

Understanding aerosol-vegetation interactions is vital in ***,the interactions remain elusive partly due to the lack of suitable plant growth chamber ***,deposition of submicron particles on leaf surfaces is challenging due to its low deposition velocities compared to larger *** this work,we present a plant-growth chamber that was used to study the effect of sub-micron black carbon(BC)particles on the growth and photosynthesis of *** chamber system simultaneously enables the growth of multiple plants in pots and the deposition of submicron particles onto *** spraying methods assisted by ultrasonic and electrostatic forces were employed as aerosol generators to realize the particle *** flow regime inside the chamber was numeri-cally calculated to predict the transportation of aerosol particles,suggesting the optimal operating conditions of the *** gas-phase particle size distribution measurements showed that gener-ated BC particles were suspended in submicron diameter *** aerosol generators were examined in the chamber using three conductor and insulator substrates as a model of plant *** observations and spectroscopic analysis ascertained that submicron BC particles generated from our generators were deposited on all substrate *** the developed chamber system,systematic studies can be performed to advance the fundamental understanding of aerosol-vegetation interactions.

关键词： Aerosol Exposure chamber Spray drying Black carbon

Design,simulation,and testing of a tunable MEMS multi-threshold inertial switch

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 37-46页

作者： Qiu Xu Rodrigo T.Rocha Yousef Algoos Eric Feron Mohammad i.Younis Faculty of Electronic information Engineering Huaiyin Institute of TechnologyHuai’an223003PR China Computer Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwal23955-6900Saudi Arabia Piezoelectric Microsystem Technologies Silicon Austria LabsVillach9524Austria Physical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwal23955Saudi Arabia Mechanical Engineering Department State University of New YorkBinghamtonNY13902USA

This paper presents a tunable multi-threshold micro-electromechanical inertial switch with adjustable threshold *** demonstrated device combines the advantages of accelerometers in providing quantitative acceleration measurements and g-threshold switches in saving power when in the inactive state upon experiencing acceleration below the *** designed proof-of-concept device with two thresholds consists of a cantilever microbeam and two stationary electrodes placed at different positions in the sensing *** adjustable threshold capability and the effect of the shock duration on the threshold acceleration are analytically investigated using a nonlinear beam *** are shown for the relationships among the applied bias voltage,the duration of shock impact,and the tunable *** fabricated prototypes are tested using a shock-table *** analytical results agree with the experimental *** designed device concept is very promising for the classification of the shock and impact loads in transportation and healthcare applications.

关键词： tunable acceleration testing

improving antioxidant activities of water-soluble lignin-carbohydrate complex isolated from wheat stalk through prolonging ball-milling pretreatment and homogeneous extraction

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2024年第1期9卷 113-125页

作者： Di Xie Zhulan Liu Yunfeng Cao sheng-i Yang Chen Su Mi Li Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China international innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China Center for Renewable Carbon School of Natural ResourcesUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA shandong Huatai Paper Co. Ltd.Dongying 257000China School of Natural Resources University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Key Lab of Biomass Energy and Material Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest ProductsChinese Academy of ForestryJiangsu ProvinceNanjing 210042China

Water-soluble lignin-carbohydrate complex(LCC)rich in polysaccharides exhibits benign in vitro antioxidant activities and distinguishes high biocompatibility from lignin-rich LCC and ***,the antioxidant activity of water-soluble LCCs remains to be improved and its structure-antioxidant relationship is still ***,structurally diversified water-soluble LCCs were isolated under different ball-milling pretreatment durations(4,6,8 h),extraction pathways(ho-mogeneous and heterogeneous),and isolation routines(water extracts and residues after water extraction).Their structures were characterized by wet chemistry,chromatography and *** activities were evaluated by ferric reducing antioxidant power and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals scavenging rate(RDPPH).Results show that altering ball-milling duration and isolation procedures cause varied structures and antioxidant activities of the water-soluble ***,prolonging ball-milling duration to 8 hours and homogeneous extrac-tion can enhance their antioxidant activity through releasing more phenolic structures and pro-moting the extraction of high-molecular-weight LCCs via reducing mass-transfer resistance,*** a result,the RDPPH of water-soluble LCCs reaches up to 97.35%,which is associated with the arabinan content with statistical significance(Pis study provides new insights into the structure-antioxidation relationship of herbaceous LCC as potential antioxidants.

关键词： LCC Homogeneous extraction Ball-milling Structure-antioxidation relationship Wheat straw

Selection of shaped charges parameters for producing aluminum particles with velocities in the range of 2.5-16 km/s

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第8期38卷 126-135页

作者： Vladimir i.Kolpakov Sergey V.Fedorov Ekaterina P.Vinogradova irina A.Bolotina Bauman Moscow State Technical University Moscow 105005Russia

Testing rocket and space technology objects in ground conditions for resistance to the impact of meteoroids and fragments of space debris can be carried out using shaped charges. To substantiate the design parameters of shaped charges that ensure the formation of aluminum particles in a wide velocity range(from 2.5 to 16 km/s), numerical modeling of the formation process was carried out within the framework of a two-dimensional axisymmetric problem of continuum mechanics using three different computing codes to increase the reliability of the results. The calculations consider shaped charges with a diameter of 20-100 mm with aluminum liners of various shapes. it is shown that the formation of particles with velocities close to the lower limit of the considered range is ensured by gently sloping segmental liners of degressive thickness. To form higher-velocity particles with velocities over 5 km/s, it is proposed to use combined liners, the jet-forming part of which has the shape of a hemisphere of constant thickness or the shape of a semi-ellipsoid or semi-superellipsoid of rotation of degressive thickness.

关键词： Space debris Meteoric impact Explosion shaped charge High-velocity aluminum element Segmental liner Combined liner Numerical simulation