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Diabetes mellitus:An overview on its pharmacological aspects and reported medicinal plants having antidiabetic activity

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第5期2卷 411-420页

作者： patel dk Kumar R Laloo D Hemalatha S Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory Department of PharmaceuticsInstitute of TechnologyBanaras Hindu University

Diabetes mellitus is not a single disease but is a group of metabolic disorders affecting a huge numlier of population in the *** is mainly characterized by chronic hyperglycemia,resulting from defects in insulin secretion or insulin *** is predicated that the number of diabetes person in the world could reach upto 366 million by the year *** though the cases of diabetes are increasing day by day,except insulin and oral hypoglycemic drugs no other way of treatment has been successfully developed so ***,the objective of the present review is to provide an insight over the pathophysiological and etiological aspects of diabetes mellitus along with the remedies available for this metabolic *** review also contains brief idea about diabetes mellitus and the experimental screening model with their relevant mechanism and significance mainly used *** and streptozotocin are mainly used for evaluating the antidiabetic activity of a particular *** review contain list of medicinal plants which have been tested for their antidiabetic activity in the alloxan induced diabetic rat *** the available data in the literature,it was found that plant having antidiabetic activity is mainly due to the presence of the secondary ***,the information provided in this review will help the researchers for the development of an alternative methods rather than insidin and oral hypoglycemic agents for the treatment of diabetes niellitus,which will minimize the complication associated with the diabetes and related disorder.

关键词： Aldose reductase Alloxan Antioxidant Diabetes mellitus Insulin Phytoconstituents Streptozotocin Oral hypoglycemic agents

Pedalium murex Linn(Pedaliaceae) fruits:a comparative antioxidant activity of its different fractions

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2011年第5期1卷 395-400页

作者： dk patel R Kumar SK Prasad S Hemalatha Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory Department of PharmaceuticsInstitute of TechnologyBanaras Hindu University

Objective:To examine the antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of different solvent fractions of Pedulium murex(***)Linn fruits(Family:Pedaliaceae)as well as the correlation between the total antioxidant capacity and total phenolic ***:In the present study,the antioxidant activities of *** were evaluated using six in-vitro assays,namely total antioxidant assay,DPPH assay,reducing power,nitric oxide scavenging,hydrogen peroxide scavenging and deoxyribose scavenging assays,and total phenol contents were also ***:The ethyl acetate(EA)fraction was found to have high levels of phenolic content(298.72±2.09 mg GAE/g).The EA fraction exhibit higher total antioxidant capacity,higher percentage of DPPH radical scavenging activity(135.11±2.95μg/mL),nitric oxide(200.57±4.5lμg/mL),hydrogen peroxide(2I7.91±6.12μg/mL),deoxyribose(250.01±4.68μg/mL)and higher reducing *** coefficient(r^2=0.914)was found to be significant between total phenolic content and total antioxidant ***:In general,the results indicate that the EA fractions are rich in phenolic antioxidants with potent free radical scavenging activity implying their importance to human health.

关键词： Pedalium murex Antioxidant activity Total phenolics Different solvent fraction In vitro assay Scavenging activity

An overview on antidiabetic medicinal plants having insulin mimetic property

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第4期2卷 320-330页

作者： patel dk Prasad SK Kumar R Hemalatha S Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory Department of PharmaceuticsInstitute of TechnologyBanaras Hindu University

Diabetes mellitus is one of the common metabolic disorders acquiring around 2.8%of the world's population and is anticipated to cross 5.4%by the year *** long back herbal medicines have been the highly esteemed source of medicine therefore,they have become a growing part of modern,high-tech *** view of the above aspects the present review provides profiles of plants(65 species) with hypoglycaemic properties,available through literature source from various database with proper categorization according to the parts used,mode of reduction in blood glucose(insulinomimetic or insulin secretagugues activity) and active phyloconsliluents having insulin mimetics *** the review it was suggested that,plant showing hypoglycemic potential mainly belongs to the family Leguminoseae,Lamiaceae,Liliaceae,Cucurbitaceae, Asteraceae,Moraceae,Rosaceae and *** most active plants are Allium sativum. Gymnema sylvestre,Citrullus colocynthis,Trigonella foenum greacum,Momordica charantia and Ficuts *** review describes some new bioactive drugs and isolated compounds from plants such as roseoside,epigallocatechin gallate,beta-pyrazol-1-ylalanine,cinchonain Ib,leucocyandin 3-O-beta-d-galactosyl cellobioside,leucopelargonidin-3- O-alpha-L rhamuoside,glycyrrhetinic acid,dehydrotrametenolic acid,strictinin,isostrictinin,pedunculagin, epicatechin and christinin-A showing significant insulinomimetic and antidiabetic activity with more efficacy than conventional hypoglycaemic ***,from the review majorly,the antidiabetic activity of medicinal plants is attributed to the presence of polyphenols,flavonoida, terpenoids,coumarins and other constituents which show reduction in blood glucose *** review also discusses the management aspect of diabetes mellitus using these plants and their active principles.

关键词： Diabetes Insulin secretagogues Insulin mimetics Phytoconstituents Pancrease Blood glucose Insulin Beta cell Antidiabetic activity Medicinal plant Metabolic disorder Herbal medicine Diabetes mellitus Hypoglycaemic activity

Antidiabetic and in vitro antioxidant potential of Hybanthus enneaspermus(Linn) *** in streptozotocin—induced diabetic rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2011年第4期1卷 316-322页

作者： patel dk Kumar R Prasad SK Sairam K Hemalatha S Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory Department of PharmaceuticsInstitute of TechnologyBanaras Hindu University

Objective:To evaluate antidiabetic and antioxidant potential of Hybanthus enneaspermus in different ***:The oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT) and normoglycemic effect of alcoholic extract of Hybanthus enneaspermus(AHE) were evaluated at a dose of 125,250 and 500mg/kg *** hypoglycemic activity and effect on body weight were tested at 250 and 500 mg/kg *** day for 21 days in Streptozotocin(STZ) induced diabetic ***,glucose uptake by hemidiaphram was also *** total polyphenolic and flavonoid were determined and their correlation with various antioxidant assays was also ***:The results showed high level of phenolic content in *** also exhibited higher total antioxidant capacity,good reducing power and a significant scavenger of reactive oxygen species like DPPH radical,nitric oxide,hydrogen peroxide and *** there was a significant increase in the body weight and decrease in the blood glucose level on treatment with the *** increased glucose uptake on isolated rat hemi-diaphragm compared to control ***:AHE reduce blood glucose level in STZ-induced diabetic *** does not show significant effect in normoglycemic study but showes significant effect in *** has significant antioxidant activity,which may be attributed to high phenolic content.

关键词： Hybanthus enneaspermus Diabetic Antioxidant Total phenol Flavonoid Flavonol Glucose uptake

Evaluation of in vitro aldose reductase inhibitory potential of different fraction of Hybanthus enneaspermus Linn ***

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第2期2卷 134-139页

作者： patel dk Kumar R Kumar M Sairarn K Hemalatha S Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory Department of PharmaceuticsInstitute of TechnologyBanaras Hindu University

Objective:To evaluate the aldose reductase inhibitory(ARI)activity of different fractions of Hybanthus enneaspermus for potential use in diabetic ***:Total phenol and flavonoid content of different fractions was *** activity of different fractions in rat lens was investigated in ***:The results showed significant level of phenolic and flavonoid content in ethyl acetate fraction[total phenol(212.15±0.79 mg/g),total flavonoid(39.11±2.27mg/g)]and aqueous fraction[total phenol(140.62±0.57mg/g),total flavonoid(26.07±1.49 mg/g)]as compared with the chloroform fraction[total phenol(68.56±0.51mg/g),total flavonoid(13.41±0.82mg/g)]and petrolium ether fraction[total phenol(36.68±0.43mg/g),total flavonoid(11.55±1.06mg/g)].There was a significant difference in the ARI activity of each fraction,and it was found to be the highest in ethyl acetate fraction[IC_(50)(49.26±1.76μg/mL)]followed by aqueous extract[IC_(50)(70.83±2.82μg/mL)]and it was least in the petroleum ether fraction[IC_(50)(118.89±0.71μg/mL)].Chloroform fraction showed moderate activity[IC_(50)(98.52±1.80μg/mL)].Conclusions:Different fractions showed significanct amount of ARI activity,where in ethyl acetate fraction it was found to be maximum which may be due to its high phenolic and flavonoid *** extract after further evaluation may be used in the treatment of diabetic cataract.

关键词： Hybanthus enneaspermus Total phenol Total flavonoid Rat lens Aldose reductase Diabetic cataract Different fractions

3D reservoir characterization of the Mangahewa Formation,Mangahewa Field,Taranaki Basin,New Zealand

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第2期5卷 152-170页

作者： dk Nurulnazihah Pg Norsahminan Md Aminul Islam Surya Tejasvi Thota Mohamed Ragab Shalaby Department of Geosciences Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Brunei DarussalamJalan Tungku LinkGadong BE1410Brunei Darussalam

The Mangahewa Formation is the primary reservoir target in the Mangahewa Field in the Taranaki Basin,New *** formation is distinguished by its marginal marine substantial tight-sand reservoir,having thickness exceeding 800 *** aim of this study is to assess the reservoir properties of the Mangahewa Formation through 3D reservoir modeling,employing 3D seismic data,core data,and well data from the Mangahewa *** variance attributes,the faults and horizons have been identified successfully within the *** majority of the interpreted faults exhibit dip angles exceeding 60,with a maximum displacement of 118 *** detect direct hydrocarbon indicators,root-mean-square amplitude seismic attribute,envelope,and generalized spectral decomposition techniques have been ***,four lithofacies,comprising 78.3%sandstone,9.2%siltstone,9.5%claystone,and 3.0%coal have been established by utilizing the Sequential Indicator Simulation(SIS)algorithm to create a lithofacies model.A property model has been generated using the Sequential Gaussian Simulation(SGS)*** evaluation indicates that the Mangahewa Formation exhibits reservoir qualities ranging from fair to good,with porosity levels between 8%and 11%,permeability averaging up to 10 mD,variable shale volumes,and hydrocarbon saturation in the range of 40%e50%.This study's methodologies and findings can serve as a valuable foundation for similar investigations in other tightsand gas fields located in different regions.

关键词： Marginal marine Tight-sand reservoir Mangahewa formation Mangahewa gas-condensate field Northern taranaki basin

Metabolic collaboration between cells in the tumor microenvironment has a negligible effect on tumor growth

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The Innovation 2024年第2期5卷 107-114页

作者： Johan Gustafsson Fariba Roshanzamir Anders Hagnestål Sagar M.patel Oseeyi I.Daudu Donald F.Becker Jonathan L.Robinson Jens Nielsen Department of Life Sciences Chalmers University of TechnologySE-41296 GothenburgSweden Hagnesia AB SE-43854 HindåsSweden Department of Biochemistry and Redox Biology Center University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68588USA BioInnovation Institute DK2200 CopenhagenDenmark

The tumor microenvironment is composed of a complex mixture of different cell types interacting under conditions of nutrient deprivation,but the metabolism therein is not fully understood due to difficulties in measuring metabolic fluxes and exchange of metabolites between different cell types in ***-scale metabolic modeling enables estimation of such exchange fluxes as well as an opportunity to gain insight into the metabolic behavior of individual cell ***,we estimated the availability of nutrients and oxygen within the tumor microenvironment using concentration measurements from blood together with a metabolite diffusion *** addition,we developed an approach to efficiently apply enzyme usage constraints in a comprehensive metabolic model of human *** combined modeling reproduced severe hypoxic conditions and the Warburg effect,and we found that limitations in enzymatic capacity contribute to cancer cells’preferential use of glutamine as a substrate to the citric acid ***,we investigated the common hypothesis that some stromal cells are exploited by cancer cells to produce metabolites useful for the cancer *** identified over 200 potential metabolites that could support collaboration between cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts,but when limiting to metabolites previously identified to participate in such collaboration,no growth advantage was *** work highlights the importance of enzymatic capacity limitations for cell behaviors and exemplifies the utility of enzyme-constrained models for accurate prediction of metabolism in cells and tumor microenvironments.

关键词： metabolism effect limitations

水痘-带状疱疹病毒编码circRNA的鉴定与表征

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中国疼痛医学杂志 2024年第8期30卷 561-562页

作者：杨少敏(译) 肖礼祖(校) 深圳大学医学部生物医学工程学院医学超声关键技术国家地方联合工程实验室广东省生物医学信息检测与超声成像重点实验室深圳大学第六附属医院(南山医院)疼痛医学重点实验室

在真核生物中,环状RNA(circular RNA,circRNA)是一种重要的转录本。该研究证明了水痘-带状疱疹病毒(varicella-zoster virus,VZV)感染过程中可产生病毒来源的circRNA。该研究通过联合二代与三代深度circRNA测序,绘制了高分辨率的细胞和... 详细信息

在真核生物中,环状RNA(circular RNA,circRNA)是一种重要的转录本。该研究证明了水痘-带状疱疹病毒(varicella-zoster virus,VZV)感染过程中可产生病毒来源的circRNA。该研究通过联合二代与三代深度circRNA测序,绘制了高分辨率的细胞和病毒circRNA图谱。接着,在VZV感染的细胞以及带状疱疹病人组织样品中,通过多种实验技术手段进一步验证VZV感染可产生大量病毒circRNA。此外,该研究发现了许多与VZV潜伏相关转录本同源的circRNA(circVLTSlytic)。为了分析这些circVLTSlytic的生物学功能,利用细菌人工染色体系统在基因组DNA水平,对circVLT进行突变。结果发现,circVLT是VZV复制的非必需分子,但circVLTsSlytic外显子5下游的突变可导致VZV对阿昔洛韦敏感性增加。该研究首次证明了VZV感染可产生具有生物学功能的病毒来源circRNA,这为带状疱疹的防治提供了新的思路。

关键词：病毒来源带状疱疹病细菌人工染色体阿昔洛韦感染过程 zoster VZV 转录本

Al_(2)(SO_(4))_(3)催化热解油转化生产酯类燃料

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河北科技大学学报 2024年第3期45卷 283-289页

作者：罗丹夏淑倩郭丽潇韩建荣蒋可为郝全爱李娇中国辐射防护研究院山西太原030000 天津大学化工学院天津300072 河北科技大学理学院河北石家庄050018

酸类、糖类等不稳定组分的存在是制约热解油直接用作生物燃料的主要因素。为了解决此问题,提出采用Al_(2)(SO_(4))_(3)催化剂将这些不稳定成分酯化为燃料类化合物的途径。首先,分别以单模型化合物左旋葡萄糖或乙酸为原料,考察各种金属... 详细信息

酸类、糖类等不稳定组分的存在是制约热解油直接用作生物燃料的主要因素。为了解决此问题,提出采用Al_(2)(SO_(4))_(3)催化剂将这些不稳定成分酯化为燃料类化合物的途径。首先,分别以单模型化合物左旋葡萄糖或乙酸为原料,考察各种金属硫酸盐催化其转化制备乙酰丙酸乙酯或乙酸乙酯的能力,筛选出催化性能最好的催化剂;其次,以左旋葡萄糖和乙酸的模型混合物为原料,探究Al_(2)(SO_(4))_(3)催化同时转化制备酯类的最佳反应条件;最后,以真实热解油为原料,验证Al_(2)(SO_(4))_(3)在最佳反应条件下催化酯化的可行性。结果表明,酯化后热解油中大部分酸、糖、醛消失,同时产生大量的酯和缩醛,酯类和缩醛类占改性热解油总色谱面积的39.5%。Al_(2)(SO_(4))_(3)能有效将热解油中的酸类、糖类等不稳定组分酯化为燃料类化合物,可为热解油转化制备生物燃料提供借鉴。

关键词：催化化学热解油乙酰丙酸乙酯乙酸乙酯 Al_(2)(SO_(4))_(3)