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Upper-Ocean Dynamical Features and Prediction of the Super El Nino in 2015/16:A Comparison with the Cases in 1982/83 and 1997/98

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2017年第2期31卷 278-294页

作者： Hong-Li REN Run WANG Panmao ZHAI yihui ding Bo LU Laboratory for Climate Studies National Climate CenterChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081 Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 CMA-NJU Joint Laboratory for Climate Prediction Studies School of Atmospheric SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023

The 2015/16 super El Ni？o event has been widely recognized as comparable to the 1982/83 and 1997/98 El Ni？o *** study examines the main features of upper-ocean dynamics in this new super event,contrasts them to those in the two historical super events,and quantitatively compares the major oceanic dynamical feedbacks based on a mixed-layer heat budget analysis of the tropical *** the early stage,this new event is characterized by an eastward propagation of SST anomalies and a weak warm-pool El Ni？o;whereas during its mature phase,it is characterized by a weak westward propagation and a westward-shifted SST anomaly center,mainly due to the strong easterly wind and cold upwelling anomalies in the far eastern Pacific,as well as the westward anomalies of equatorial zonal current and subsurface ocean *** heat budget analysis shows that the thermocline feedback is the most crucial process inducing the SST anomaly growth and phase transition of all the super events,and particularly for this new event,the zonal advective feedback also exerts an important impact on the formation of the strong warming and westward-shifted pattern of SST *** this event,several westerly wind burst events occur,and oceanic Kelvin waves propagate eastwards before being maintained over eastern Pacific in the mature ***,there is no evidence for westward propagation of the off-equatorial oceanic Rossby waves though the discharging process of equatorial heat during the development and mature *** second generation El Ni？o prediction system of the Beijing Climate Center produced reasonable event real-time operational prediction during 2014–16,wherein the statistical prediction model that considers the preceding oceanic precursors plays an important role in the multi-method ensemble prediction of this super.

关键词： El Ni?o–Southern Oscillation super El Ni?o event ocean dynamics feedback prediction

Influence of Major Stratospheric Sudden Warming on the Unprecedented Cold Wave in East Asia in January 2021

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第4期39卷 576-590页

作者： Yingxian ZHANG Dong SI yihui ding Dabang JIANG Qingquan LI Guofu WANG National Climate Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Climate Change Research Center Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

An unprecedented cold wave intruded into East Asia in early January 2021 and led to record-breaking or historical extreme low temperatures over vast *** study shows that a major stratospheric sudden warming(SSW)event at the beginning of January 2021 exerted an important influence on this cold *** major SSW event occurred on 2 January 2021 and subsequently led to the displacement of the stratospheric polar vortex to the East Asian ***,the SSW event induced the stratospheric warming signal to propagate downward to the mid-to-lower troposphere,which not only enhanced the blocking in the Urals-Siberia region and the negative phase of the Arctic Oscillation,but also shifted the tropospheric polar vortex off the *** displaced tropospheric polar vortex,Ural blocking,and another downstream blocking ridge over western North America formed a distinct inverted omega-shaped circulation pattern(IOCP)in the East Asia-North Pacific *** IOCP was the most direct and impactful atmospheric pattern causing the cold wave in East *** IOCP triggered a meridional cell with an upward branch in East Asia and a downward branch in *** meridional cell intensified the Siberian high and low-level northerly winds,which also favored the invasion of the cold wave into East ***,the SSW event and tropospheric circulations such as the IOCP,negative phase of Arctic Oscillation,Ural blocking,enhanced Siberian high,and eastward propagation of Rossby wave eventually induced the outbreak of an unprecedented cold wave in East Asia in early January 2021.

关键词： cold wave stratospheric sudden warming polar vortex Ural blocking Siberian high

Three-Dimensional Urban Thermal Effect across a Large City Cluster during an Extreme Heat Wave:Observational Analysis

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2022年第3期36卷 387-400页

作者： Yue MA Ping LIANG Sue GRIMMOND Xuchao YANG Jun LYU yihui ding Key Laboratory of Cities’Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate Change in Shanghai Shanghai Regional Climate CenterChina Meteorological AdministrationShanghai 200030China Shanghai Jiading District Meteorological Bureau Shanghai 201800China Department of Meteorology University of ReadingReading RG66ETUnited Kingdom Ocean College Zhejiang UniversityZhoushan 316021China Jiangsu Meteorological Information Center Jiangsu Meteorological BureauNanjing 210008China National Climate Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China

Given extensive and rapid urbanization globally,assessing regional urban thermal effects(UTE)in both canopy and boundary layers under extreme weather/climate conditions is of significant *** population and economic growth in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD)have made it one of the largest city clusters in ***,we explore the three-dimensional(3D)UTE in the YRD using multi-source observations from high-resolution automatic weather stations,radiosondes,and eddy covariance sensors during the record-setting heat wave(HW)of July-August *** is found that the regional canopy layer UTE is up to 0.6-1.2℃,and the nocturnal UTE(0.7-1.6℃)is larger than daytime UTE(0.2-0.5℃)during the *** regional canopy layer UTE is enhanced and expanded northwards,with some rural sites contaminated by the urban influences,especially at *** the boundary layer,the strengthened regional UTE extends vertically to at least 925 hPa(~750 m)during this *** strengthened 3D UTE in the YRD is associated with an enlarged Bowen ratio difference between urban and non-urban *** findings about the 3D UTE are beneficial for better understanding of the thermal environment of large city clusters under HW and for more appropriate adaption and mitigation strategies.

关键词： urban thermal effect three-dimensional Yangtze River Delta heat wave

关白附与禹白附对中风沙鼠影响差异的尿液代谢组学分析

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中国实验方剂学杂志 2024年第8期30卷 157-166页

作者：周丽婷曾琬婷贾茹徐慧颖丁奕辉董昊马浩文曲扬才谦辽宁中医药大学药学院辽宁大连116600

目的:采用非靶向代谢组学技术探究关白附与禹白附对中风沙鼠尿液代谢产物的影响差异,进而明确二者作用机制及其异同。方法:将24只沙鼠随机分成空白组、模型组、关白附组、禹白附组。除空白组外,其余各组均采用右侧单侧结扎沙鼠颈动脉构... 详细信息

目的:采用非靶向代谢组学技术探究关白附与禹白附对中风沙鼠尿液代谢产物的影响差异,进而明确二者作用机制及其异同。方法:将24只沙鼠随机分成空白组、模型组、关白附组、禹白附组。除空白组外,其余各组均采用右侧单侧结扎沙鼠颈动脉构建缺血性脑卒中模型。各给药组分别灌胃对应的药材全粉混悬液(0.586 mg·g^(-1)),共给药14 d。给药第0、3、7、14天,采用Longa评分法对各组沙鼠进行神经功能缺损评分。给药结束后收集各组沙鼠血清、脑组织及尿液,采用2,3,5-氯化三苯四氮唑(TTC)染色法检测脑梗死率,利用酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)对血清和脑组织中白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、一氧化氮(NO)的水平进行检测。采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆-静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱法(UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS)对各组沙鼠进行尿液代谢组学分析,并采用多元统计分析对数据进行处理,以第一主成分的变量重要性投影(VIP)值>1且t检验P<0.05筛选差异代谢物。运用京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)数据库结合MetaboAnalyst 5.0软件对筛选出的差异代谢物进行代谢通路分析。结果:与空白组比较,模型组神经功能缺损评分明显升高(P<0.05),与模型组比较,关白附和禹白附组在给药7 d和14 d后神经功能缺损评分明显降低(P<0.05);与空白组比较,模型组脑梗死率明显升高(P<0.05),与模型组比较,关白附和禹白附组脑梗死率明显降低(P<0.05);与空白组比较,模型组沙鼠血清和脑组织中IL-6、TNF-α、MDA水平明显升高(P<0.05),SOD、GSH、NO水平明显降低(P<0.05),与模型组比较,关白附和禹白附组均能不同程度下调IL-6、TNF-α、MDA水平并上调SOD、GSH、NO水平。尿液代谢组学共筛选出112个内源性差异代谢物,其中关白附和禹白附分别回调了其中16个和26个代谢物,可分别作为二者治疗中风沙鼠的潜在生物标志物。通路分析结果显示,关白附和禹白附均对精氨酸和脯氨酸代谢、嘧啶代谢、氨酰基-tRNA生物合成具有调节作用,而关白附还可调节核黄素代谢,禹白附还可调节嘌呤代谢,甘氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸代谢,花生四烯酸代谢,泛酸盐和辅酶A的生物合成及β-丙氨酸代谢。结论:关白附和禹白附均具有较好治疗中风的作用,其中关白附作用更强。关白附主要调节氨基酸代谢、氧化应激等,而禹白附主要涉及氨基酸代谢、脂质代谢和能量代谢等。

关键词：关白附禹白附代谢组学缺血性脑卒中多元统计分析生物标志物超高效液相色谱-四极杆-静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱法(UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS)

The impact of meteorological changes from 2013 to 2017 on PM2.5 mass reduction in key regions in China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2019年第12期62卷 1885-1902页

作者： Xiaoye ZHANG Xiangde XU yihui ding Yanju LIU Hengde ZHANG Yaqiang WANG Junting ZHONG Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China National Climate Centre China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China National Meteorological Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China

In 2013,China issued the"Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution"("Ten Statements of Atmosphere")and implemented a series of pollution reduction measures from 2013 to *** key regions of China,the mass concentrations of particulate matter with aerodynamic equivalent diameters less than 2.5μm(PM2.5)have dropped ***,the contributions of meteorological changes to PM2.5 reduction are largely uncertain,which has attracted particular concern from the government and the ***,we investigated the impact of large-scale and boundary layer(BL)meteorological conditions on aerosol pollution and estimated the contributions of meteorological changes to PM2.5 reduction based on in-depth analysis and diagnosis of various observed meteorological elements and an integrated pollution-linked meteorological index(PLAM,which is approximately and linearly related to PM mass concentration).In this study,we found that the meteorological conditions worsened in 2014 and 2015 and improved in 2016 and 2017 relative to those in 2013 in key regions in *** 2017 relative to 2013,only^5%(approximately 13%of the total PM2.5 decline)of the 39.6%reduction in PM2.5 mass concentrations can be attributed to meteorological changes in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(BTH)region,and only^7%(approximately 20%of the total PM2.5 decline)of the 34.3%reduction can be attributable to meteorological changes in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD)***,the PM2.5 reduction due to meteorological improvement is much lower than the observed PM2.5 reduction in these areas,which indicates that emission reduction during the five-year implementation of the"Ten Statements of Atmosphere"is the dominant factor in the improvement in air *** changes in meteorology and climate are conducive to PM2.5 reduction but do not dominate the substantial improvement in air *** to the above regions,in the Pearl River Delta(PRD)region,the impact of meteorological changes on the

关键词： Quantifying unfavorable meteorological conditions Contribution of Meteorological Conditions to PM2.5 Change Ten Statements of Atmosphere

Bias Analysis and Correction of Ground Surface Temperature Observations across China

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2020年第6期34卷 1324-1334页

作者： Yan CUI Wenhui XU Zijiang ZHOU Chunyu ZHAO yihui ding Xue AO Xiaoyu ZHOU Shenyang Regional Climate Center Liaoning Meteorological BureauShenyang 110166 National Meteorological Information Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081 National Climate Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081

Based on the ground surface temperature(GST)and snow surface temperature(SST)measurements during the period of adjustment from manual to automatic observation systems in China,the influence of observation methods on GST and its relationship with snow cover is *** is corrected by SST,and the correction effect is *** results show that,during the parallel observation period,the winter GSTs from automatic observations are generally higher than those from manual observations,with the automatically observed national daily GST 1.18°C *** adjustment has a greater impact on GSTs at 0200,0800,and 2000 Beijing Time(BT)than at 1400 BT,and it has the greatest impact in Northeast and Northwest China,with deviations of 5.24 and 2.09°C,*** GST deviation is closely related to the snow depth and annual snow *** average daily GST deviation increases at the rate of 0.66°C per 1-cm increase of snow depth when it is<15 cm,while it tends to be stable at around 10°C for snow depth over 15 *** GST deviation at a station is affected by its winter snow totals in Northeast and Northwest China,where the largest deviations are found where snow totals are all above 1000 *** the correction with SST,the mean deviation between the automatic and manual observations as well as the false trend can be effectively *** the correction,the mean deviation of daily GST decreases by 5.8°C,and its trend decreases from 1.87 to 0.65°C decade-1.

关键词： ground surface temperature(GST)in winter snow cover correction China

The 2016 Summer Floods in China and Associated Physical Mechanisms:A Comparison with 1998

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2017年第2期31卷 261-277页

作者： Yuan YUAN Hui GAO Weijing LI Yanju LIU Lijuan CHEN Bin ZHOU yihui ding Laboratory for Climate Studies National Climate CenterChina Meteorological Administration Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science &Technology

The characteristics of droughts and floods in China during the summers（May–August）of 2016 and 1998 were compared in great detail,together with the associated atmospheric circulations and external-forcing *** results are obtained.（1）The precipitation was mostly above normal in China in summer 2016,with two main rainfall belts located in the Yangtze River valley（YRV）and North *** with 1998,a similar rainfall belt was located over the YRV,with precipitation 100%and more above ***,the seasonal processes of Meiyu were different.A typical＂Secondary Meiyu＂occurred in 1998,whereas dry conditions dominated the YRV in2016.（2）During May–July 2016,the Ural high was weaker than normal,but it was stronger than normal in *** difference resulted from fairly different distributions of sea surface temperature anomalies（SSTAs）over the North Atlantic Ocean during the preceding winter and spring of the two years.（3）Nonetheless,tropical and subtropical circulation systems were much more similar in May–July of 2016 and *** circulation systems in both years were characterized by a stronger than normal and more westward-extending western Pacific subtropical high（WPSH）,a weaker than normal East Asian summer monsoon（EASM）,and anomalous convergence of moisture flux in the mid and lower reaches of the *** similar circulation anomalies were attributed to the similar tropical SSTA pattern in the preceding seasons,i.e.,the super El Ni？o and strong warming in the tropical Indian Ocean.（4）Significant differences in the circulation pattern were observed in August between the two *** WPSH broke up in August 2016,with its western part being combined with the continental high and persistently dominating eastern *** EASM suddenly became stronger,and dry conditions prevailed in the *** the contrary,the EASM was weaker in August 1998 and the＂Secondary Meiyu＂took place in the *** Madden–Julian Oscillation（MJO）was extremely active in Aug

关键词： summer precipitation flooding Yangtze River valley super El Ni?o SST anomaly tropical Indian Ocean snow cover over the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau Madden–Julian Oscillation

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Editorial

Journal of Meteorological Research 2014年第5期28卷 669-670页

作者： ding yihui WU Guoxiong Da-Lin ZHANG ZHANG Renhe National Climate Center Beijing China Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science University of Maryland College Park USA Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing China

As we will soon celebrate the 90th anniversary of the founding of the Chinese Meteorological Society （CMS）,Acta Meteorologica Sinica （AMS）,which was originally named as Bulletin of the Chinese Meteorological Society,has gone through 89 years of development and excitement since her first issue in July *** to archived documents （CMS Editorial Committee,1925）,AMS was founded to report the research findings of Chinese meteorologists,record their recommendations for improving meteorological services,and share their common meteorological interests in order to promote the growth of AMS such that more members could be inspired to conduct atmospheric research and meteorological knowledge would be better disseminated to and benefit the general *** upholding and carrying forward this purpose,AMS has published many highly valuable scientific *** could be treated as classical articles,which have produced important influences on both domestic and international meteorological communities and the related fields.

关键词： As Editorial AMS

Influence of Human Activities on Wintertime Haze-Related Meteorological Conditions over the Jing–Jin–Ji Region

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Engineering 2021年第8期7卷 1185-1192页

作者： Ying Xu Yanju Liu Zhenyu Han Botao Zhou yihui ding Jie Wuc Tongfei Tian Rouke Li Jing Wang National Climate Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China School of Geography and Environmental Engineering Gannan Normal UniversityGanzhou 341000China Camford Royal School Beijing 100093China Climate and Environment Modeling Lab Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710061China

This work analyzes and discusses the influence of human activities on the meteorological conditions related to winter haze events in Beijing,Tianjin,and Hebei(i.e.,the Jing-Jin-Ji region)during 1961-2016,using the results of two numerical simulation experiments based on the Community Atmosphere Model version 5.1.1(http://***/models/cesm1.0/cam/docs/ug5_1_1/***)used in the international Climate Variability and Predictability Programme(CLIVAR)Climate of the 20th Century Detection and Attribution Project(C20C+D&A).The results show that,under the influence of human activities,the changes in dynamical and thermal meteorological conditions related to winter haze events in the Jing–Jin–Ji region are conducive to the formation and accumulation of haze,and prevent the diffusion of *** dynamical conditions mainly include the obvious weakening of the East Asian winter monsoon(EAWM)and the enhancement of the near-surface anomalous southerly *** thermal conditions include the obvious increase in surface temperature,and the enhancement of water vapor transport and near-surface *** relative contribution of dynamical and thermal conditions to the variation of haze days in the Jing-Jin-Ji region is analyzed using statistical *** results show that the contribution of human activities to the increase of haze days in the Jing-Jin-Ji region is greater than that of natural forcing for the study *** be specific,the dynamical meteorological factors contribute more to the haze days than the thermal meteorological *** contribution of thermal meteorological factors is basically the same in both scenarios.

关键词： Meteorological conditions Human activities Haze Jing-Jin-Ji region