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Effect of Pre-treatment of α-Ketoglutarate on Cyanide-induced Toxicity and Alterations in Various Physiological Variables in Rodents

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2007年第1期20卷 56-63页

作者： RAJkumar TULSAWANI deo kumar R.BHATTACHARYA Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology Defence Research and Development Establishment Jhansi Road Gwalior 474 002 M.P. India

Objective To investigate the effects of pre-treatment of α-ketoglutarate （α-KG） on cyanide-induced lethality and changes in various physiological parameters in rodents. Methods The LD50 of potassium cyanide （KCN） given orally （po）, intraperitoneally （ip）, subcutaneously （sc） or intravenously （iv） was determined in male mice, in the presence or absence α-KG given po, ip or iv. α-KG was administered 10, 20 or 40 min prior to KCN at 0.50, 1.0 or 2.0 g/kg by po or ip route, and at 0.10, 0.20 or 0.40 g/kg by iv route. Protection index （PI） was calculated as the ratio of LD50 of KCN in the presence of α-KG （protected animals） and LD50 of KCN in the absence of α-KG （unprotected animals）. In a separate experiment, several physiological variables viz. mean arterial pressure （MAP）, heart rate （HR）, respiratory rate （RR）, neuromuscular transmission （NMT） and rectal temperature （RT） were measured in anesthetized female rats pre-treated （-10 rain） with po （2.0 g/kg） or iv （0.125 g/kg） α-KG and then administered sub-lethal （0.75 LD50） or lethal （2.0, 4.0 or 8.0 LD50） doses of KCN （po）. Results PI of 4.52, 6.40 and 7.60 at -10 min, 3.20, 5.40 and 6.40 at -20 min, and 1.40, 3.20 and 5.40 at -40 min of po administration with α-KG was observed for 0.50, 1.0 and 2.0 g/kg doses, respectively, against KCN given by po route. When KCN was given ip, a PI of 3.38, 4.79 and 5.70 was observed for 0.50, 1.0 and 2.0 g/kg α-KG given ip （-10 min）, respectively. A lower PI of 3.37, 2.83 and 2.38 was observed when KCN given sc was challenged by 2.0 g/kg α-KG given ip at -10, -20 or -40 min, respectively. Similarly, a PI of 3.37, 2.83 and 2.0 was noted when KCN given sc was antagonized by 2.0 g/kg α-KG given po at -10, -20 or -40 rain, respectively. No appreciable protection was observed when lower doses of α-KG （ip or po） challenged KCN given by sc route. Pre-treatment of iv or po administration of α-KG did not afford any protection against KCN given po or iv route. Oral treatment of 0.75 LD50 KCN

关键词： Cyanide Toxicity Physiological variables Protection α-Ketoglutarate

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Bamboo resources of Sikkim Himalaya: diversity, distribution and utilization

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Journal of Forestry Research 2014年第4期25卷 929-934页

作者： deo kumar Tamang Dinesh Dhakal D. G. Shrestha Sikkim State Remote Sensing Application Centre Sikkim State Council of Science and Technology Development Area Gangtok 737101 Sikkim

We recorded 8 genera and over 30 species of bamboo in Sikkim of the reported 23 genera and 125 species in Indi＆ Thirty percent of bamboo species were recorded in tropical forests （0-900 m）, 40% of species in sub-tropical forests （900-1,800 m）, 17% of species in temper- ate forests （1,800-2,700 m）, 9% of species in sub-alpine forests （2,700-3,500 m） and 4% of species in alpine vegetation （3,500-4,500 m）. Bamboo is used for various purposes and its versatility qualifies it to be a multiple-use alternative to timber, food for villagers and for tribal in particular. Bamboo is also equally important to Red Panda （Ailurusful- gens）, the state animal of Sikkim. We develop a list of bamboos occur- ring in Sikkim with their vernacular names, distributions and uses in the Himalayan state. However, more extensive study is required to fully describe the bamboo diversity of the Himalayan state.

关键词： bamboo Dendrocalamus diversity uses Sikkim

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Performance Improvement of Kenaf/Glass Polymer Hybrid Composites by Effective Application of Fish Scale Powder as Filler:A Novel Approach

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2024年第3期31卷 80-96页

作者： Chandrakanta Mishra Deepak kumar Mohapatra Chitta Ranjan deo Chetana Tripathy Kiran kumar Ekka Department of Mechanical Engineering Veer Surendra Sai University of TechnologySambalpur 768018OdishaIndia

Modern technology for developing new items made from renewable resources is becoming more and more popular as a result of rising environmental ***,contemporary polymer composites have included the hybridization of natural fibers with synthetic ones,along with the inclusion of a variety of biowaste filler for developing sustainable *** this work,the kenaf/glass hybrid polyester composites are strengthened by the addition of fish scale(FS),which is taken from the fish􀆳s outermost layer of *** different stacked-order laminates,such as KKKK,KGKG,GKKG,KGGK,and GGGG,are fabricated by using the hand lay-up method with four different weight concentrations of filler content:0%,5%,10%,and 15%.Mechanical possessions such as tensile,flexural,impact strength and micro-hardness have been evaluated through experimentation in accordance with ASTM *** experimental findings revealed that,the tensile strength and micro-hardness value of KGKG laminates with 15wt% of FS filler are found to be maximum of 118.72 MPa and 17.82 HV respectively which are 39.67%and 26.11%greater than that of KGKG laminates without FS ***,the flexural and impact strength of same laminates with 10 wt% FS filler exhibited a maximum value of 142.77 MPa and 62.08 kJ/m^(2).In order to corroborate its applicability for structural and building materials in open environment,the dimensional stability of the composite has been studied through moisture absorption *** influences of FS filler loading on dimensional stability and resistance to moisture absorption capacity of laminates are also *** experimental results reflected that the addition of FS-filler has significantly improved the dimensional stability of the laminates in moist environment by reducing the moisture absorption *** further support the mode of failures,a fractography investigation of fractured surfaces was conducted.

关键词： fish scale fiber polyester hybrid composites mechanical properties

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铁路客流评估与机车需求数量确定 ——以尼泊尔东西向铁路Kakarvitta-Atariya区段为例

铁路客流评估与机车需求数量确定 ——...

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作者： Roshan kumar deo 北京交通大学

学位级别：硕士

运输系统的建设对于任何国家的发展而言都是重要的指标。在各种交通运输方式中,铁路运输是缓解运输压力的主要方式。尼泊尔国内针对运输系统的系统性研究较少,并且线路条件与运输组织方式和发达国家相比也未实现标准化。目前,尼泊尔国... 详细信息

运输系统的建设对于任何国家的发展而言都是重要的指标。在各种交通运输方式中,铁路运输是缓解运输压力的主要方式。尼泊尔国内针对运输系统的系统性研究较少,并且线路条件与运输组织方式和发达国家相比也未实现标准化。目前,尼泊尔国内用于出租车、巴士以及货物运输的道路网,东西方向的线路里程约1200公里,南北方向线路里程约800公里。东西方向的航空运输连通性只有3%到5%,且所有服务基本面向首都加德满都。本文研究的区域交通较为繁忙,但旅行时间长且准点率低。多数旅客考虑按时到岗问题,由于难以规划每日的出行线路,以至于在距离200至300公里范围外的地方工作机会很少,这些直接或间接地影响着国家的发展。为了缓解交通压力,解决时间管理问题并为人民创造更多机会,政府应当尽快启动铁路运输的发展建设。有关客流评估和车底需求的研究,对尚未采用轨道运输方式,仍依赖于道路交通的国家具有重要意义。铁路运输的建立和发展对于地方政府和中央无疑是有利的。计算和评估区域内各条径路上的乘客流量数据具有必要性。应用基本的数学原理,道路部收集的所有相关数据来源均采用人工计数法;特定区域内使用CCTV的工具录制视频,后期通过制表记录。基于尼泊尔东西方向线路的六项国家年度的交通流量分配数据,连续72小时的路网交通量调查是根据监控视频以及政府交通部门人工计数法得到的数据确定的。调查的交通方式包括公共和私人大型巴士,小型巴士,微型巴士,私家汽车,摩托车,三轮及四轮车,以及人力车,其最大客流通过能力参考了尼泊尔交通运输系统制定的数据。取六年内平均每年的三天时间日交通量数据作为计算日交通量的基础数据,利用既有模型可得出Kakarvitta-Attariya研究区域（即论文研究区域）的总客流量。此外,本论文综合考虑列车运行图进行逻辑计算的总体思想、车站总数、起讫点（OD）的停靠时间和天窗时间等因素来确定车底的需求数量。在研究区域的位置累积的所有乘客数据均得出总的客流量为501359。车底数量取决于多种因素,如列车运行图,机车的速度设计,机车走形距离,线路能力以及起讫点的等待时间等。考虑到上述这些因素,计算得到线路中所需的机车数量为90。本文研究基于实际的区域位置数据,该区域已成为尼泊尔铁道部门在整个所需部门中采用类似模式评估和确定所需机车数量的基准。此外,本文有助于预算系统的规划者和设计者实现既定方案,并为政府和决策者提供技术支持。

关键词：客流量客流调查计数车站与停站列车运行图列车运行图与机车交路图起讫点(OD)

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Erosive Wear Study of PPLSF/Glass Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Laminates

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2024年第2期31卷 68-79页

作者： Chetana Tripathy Deepak kumar Mohapatra Chitta Ranjan deo Punyapriya Mishra Department of Mechanical Engineering Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology(VSSUT)Sambalpur 768018India

This work is focused to examine the erosive performance of hybrid Palmyra palm leaf stalk fiber(PPLSF)/glass polyester laminate against solid particle bombardment.A hand lay-up method was adopted for the fabricating four piles of five distinct laminates with different stacking order glass and PPLSF *** them,one group of pure PPLSF and pure E-glass laminates were *** hybrid laminates were exposed to high speed stream of solid sand particle at three distinct impact velocities(48,70 and 82 m/s)and four different angles of impingement(30°,45°,60°and 90°).The effect of particle velocity,angle of impingement and stacking order on both wear rate and efficiency were *** experimental assessment reveals a significant improvement in erosive wear resistance properties due to hybridization of PPLSF with ***,the laminates with PPLSF layer as skin and glass as core layer exhibited better erosive wear resistance properties than other types of ***,a maximum value of erosion at lower velocity(48 m/s)is also noticed at 45°impingement ***,at high velocity of impact 70 m/s and 82 m/s,the maximum rate of erosion has been shifted from 45°impact angle to 60°impact *** alternation of this semi-ductile character to semi-brittle character is evidenced by analyzing the experimental *** to justify the mode of erosion,the eroded surface samples were inspected by scanning electron microscope(SEM).

关键词： hybrid composites erosion wear void micro-hardness SEM

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Erosion Wear Behaviour of Kenaf/Glass Hybrid Polymer Composites

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2024年第1期31卷 78-89页

作者： Chandrakanta Mishra Deepak kumar Mohapatra Chitta Ranjan deo Punyapriya Mishra Kiran kumar Ekka Department of Mechanical Engineering Veer Surendra Sai University of TechnologySambalpur 768018India

The awareness amongst the researchers to develop an environment friendly sustainable material leads to explore new class of plant-based fiber for making composites. Hybridization of such plant-based fiber with inclusion of engineered fiber is one of the promising methods to not only enhanced the mechanical performance but also suppressed the drawbacks that associate with such plant-based fiber to some extent. A usual hand lay-up method was taken-up in this work to fabricate four layered of hybrid kenaf(K)/glass(G)polyester laminates with different stacking order such as KKKK,KGKG,KGGK,GKKG and GGGG. The erosive character of the laminates was examined under three distinct particle velocities(48m/s, 70m/s,82m/s)and four different impact angles(30°, 45°, 60°, 90°). All fabricated laminates exhibited a semiductile character at lower velocities(48m/s and70m/s)as peak wear rate was observed at45° impact angle. However,they showed a semi-brittle character at high velocity(82m/s)as maximum rate of erosion was noticed at60° impact angle. Again,the influence of stacking order of piles on erosion wear was also clearly noticed. Moreover,the semi-brittle/semi-ductile characterization was also evidenced in accordance to the range of erosion efficiencies. The micro-structures of worn surfaces were inspected thoroughly from the images of scanning electron microscope(SEM)to evident the mechanism of erosion.

关键词： hybrid composites erosion wear void micro⁃hardness

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Significance of including lid thickness and particle shape factor in numerical modeling for prediction of particle trap efficiency of invert trap

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Water Science and Engineering 2024年第2期17卷 166-176页

作者： Salman Beg deo Raj Kaushal Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology DelhiNew Delhi 110016India

Sediment accumulation on the bed of open sewers and drains reduces hydraulic efficiency and can cause localized *** invert traps installed underneath the bed of open sewers and drains can eliminate sediment build-up by catching sediment *** three-dimensional(3D)computational studies have examined the particle trapping performance of invert traps of different shapes and depths under varied sediment and flow conditions,considering particles as *** two-dimensional and 3D numerical modeling,researchers assumed the lid geometry to be a thin line and a plane,*** this 3D numerical study,the particle trapping efficiency of a slotted irregular hexagonal invert trap fitted at the flume bottom was examined by incorporating the particle shape factor of non-spherical sewage solid particles and the thicknesses of upstream and downstream lids over the trap in the discrete phase model of the ANSYS Fluent 2020 R1 *** volume of fluid(VOF)and the realizable k-turbulence models were used to predict the velocity *** two-dimensional particle image velocimetry(PIV)was used to measure the velocity field inside the invert *** results showed that the thicknesses of upstream and downstream lids affected the velocity field and turbulent kinetic energy at all flow *** joint impact of the particle shape factor and lid thickness on the trap efficiency was *** both the lid thickness and particle shape factor were considered in the numerical modeling,trap efficiencies were underestimated,with relative errors of-8.66%to-0.65%in comparison to the experimental values of Mohsin and Kaushal(2017).They were also lower than the values predicted by Mohsin and Kaushal(2017),which showed an overall overestimation with errors of-2.3%to 17.4%.

关键词： Invert trap Lid thickness Particle image velocimetry Particle shape factor Turbulent kinetic energy Scanning electron microscope

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Acute Toxicity and Cardio-Respiratory Effects of 2-deoxy-D-Glucose: A Promising Radio Sensitiser

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2006年第2期19卷 96-103页

作者： R.VIJAYARAGHAVAN deo kumar SN DUBE R.SINGH KS.PANDEY BC.BAG MP.KAUSHIK K.SEKHAR BS.DWARAKANATH T.RAVINDRANATH Defence Research and Development Establishment Gwalior-474002 Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences Delhi-110054 India

Objective To evaluate the acute toxicity of 2-deoxy-D-glucose （2DG） by oral （p.o.） and intravenous （i.v.） routes, and also the cardio-respiratory effects following high doses of 2DG in animal models. Methods The LD50 of 2DG （in water） was determined in rats and mice by p.o. route and in mice by i.v. route. The effect of 2-DG （250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, and 1000 mg/kg, i.v.） was studied on various cardio-respiratory parameters viz., mean arterial blood pressure, heart rate and respiratory rate in anaesthetised rats. The effect of 2DG （500 mg/kg, 1000 mg/kg, and 2000 mg/kg, p.o.） was also studied on various respiratory parameters viz., respiratory rate and tidal volume in conscious rats and mice using a computer program. Results The p.o. LD50 of 2DG was found to be 〉8000 mg/kg in mice and rats, and at this dose no death was observed. The LD50 in mice by i.v. route was found to be 8000 mg/kg. At this dose 2 out of 4 mice died and the death occurred within 6 h. A significant increase in the body weight was observed after p.o. administration of 2DG in rats at 500 mg/kg, 1000 mg/kg, and 2000 mg/kg doses. There was no significant change in the body weight at 4000 mg/kg and 8000 mg/kg by the p.o. route in rats and up to 8000 mg/kg by p.o. as well as i.v. routes in mice. Intravenous administration of 2DG （250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, and 1000 mg/kg） in anaesthetised rats showed a time-dependent decrease in the mean arterial blood pressure. There was no change in the heart rate in any of the treatment groups. The tidal volume was not changed significantly by p.o administration in conscious rats, but a significant decrease in the respiratory frequency at 500 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg doses was observed. In the mice also there was no change in the tidal volume after p.o, administration, but the respiratory frequency decreased significantly at 2000 mg/kg dose. Conclusion 2DG is a safe compound but can cause a fall in the blood pressure and a decrease in respiratory frequency at high doses.

关键词： 2-deoxy-D-glucose Glucose analogue Radio sensitizer Acute toxicity Blood pressure Heart rate Respiration

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Sensitivity analysis of borehole thermal energy storage: examining key factors for system optimization

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Energy Storage and Saving 2024年第3期3卷 218-230页

作者： Piyush kumar Kumawat Haiyan Zhou Kevin Kitz John McLennan Kody Powell Milind deo Palash Panja Department of Chemical Engineering University of UtahSalt Lake CityUT 84112USA Energy&Geoscience Institute University of UtahSalt Lake CityUT 84108USA RESPEC Company LLC Rapid CitySD 57703USA Kitzworks LLC BoiseID 83717USA

Borehole thermal energy storage(BTES)systems have garnered significant attention owing to their efficacy in storing thermal energy for heating and cooling *** modeling is paramount for ensuring the precise design and operation of BTES *** study conducts a sensitivity analysis of BTES modeling by employing a comparative investigation of five distinct parameters on a wedge-shaped model,with implications extendable to a cylindrical *** parameters examined included two design factors(well spacing and grout thermal conductivity),two operational variables(charging and discharging rates),and one geological attribute(soil thermal conductivity).Finite element simulations were carried out for the sensitivity analysis to evaluate the round-trip efficiency,both on a per-cycle basis and cumulatively over three years of operation,serving as performance *** results showed varying degrees of sensitivity across different models to changes in these *** particular,the round-trip efficiency exhibited a greater sensitivity to changes in spacing and volumetric flow ***,this study underscores the importance of considering the impact of the soil and grout-material thermal conductivities on the BTES-system performance over *** optimized scenario is modelled and compared with the base case,over a comparative assessment based on a 10-year *** analysis revealed that,at the end of the 10-year period,the optimized BTES model achieved a cycle efficiency of 83.4%.This sensitivity analysis provides valuable insights into the merits and constraints of diverse BTES modeling methodologies,aiding in the selection of appropriate modeling tools for BTES system design and operation.

关键词： Borehole thermal energy storage(BTES) Outlet temperature Round-trip efficiency Heating and cooling modes Well spacing Grout thermal conductivity Charging and discharging rates Soil thermal conductivity

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Cardiovascular Effects of an Organophosphate Toxin Isolated from Ptychodiscus brevis

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1997年第1期10卷 85-92页

作者： P. K. MAZUMDER A. K. GUPTA M. P. KAUSHIK deo kumar AND S. N. DUBE (To whom all correspondence should be addressed) (Defence Research and Development Establishment, Jhansi Road,Gwalior-474002, India) Defence Research and Development Establishment Gwalior India.

:The dose-dependent hypotensive and bradycardic effects induced by an ichthyotoxic organophosphate compound isolated from the marine dinoflagellate Ptycholiscus brevis were studied. These effects were not antagonized by atropine, but potentiated by α-adrenoceptor blocker and hexamethonium. The toxin aboished the vasopressor effect elicited by phenyle phrine, indicating an α-adrenergic blocking activity. The cardiovascular depressor responses were antagonized by tetraethylammonium while blockade of cholinergic and histaminergic re ceptors or inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis failed to modify these effects. The results indi cate that the cardiovascular depressor effects of the toxin are probably mediated through α-a drenergic and ganglionic blockade accompanied by modulation of potassium channel activity

关键词： DCI

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