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花岗岩红壤丘陵区崩岗侵蚀与典型切沟侵蚀的异同点探析

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土壤 2024年第4期56卷 718-725页

作者：韦江杏邓羽松广西大学林学院南宁530004

崩岗侵蚀与切沟侵蚀威胁区域生态安全,是当前土壤侵蚀研究领域所关注的热点和难点,二者存在着共性和个性,但能否将切沟侵蚀防治方法应用于崩岗侵蚀区尚不明确。本文从气候、母质和土壤、地形、植被方面对比了影响崩岗侵蚀和切沟侵蚀的... 详细信息

崩岗侵蚀与切沟侵蚀威胁区域生态安全,是当前土壤侵蚀研究领域所关注的热点和难点,二者存在着共性和个性,但能否将切沟侵蚀防治方法应用于崩岗侵蚀区尚不明确。本文从气候、母质和土壤、地形、植被方面对比了影响崩岗侵蚀和切沟侵蚀的环境因素。结合崩岗侵蚀与切沟侵蚀外观形态的表现形式,阐述二者发育过程和侵蚀发生的动力机制。通过综合分析,崩岗的侵蚀物质和侵蚀形式具有独特性,在防控措施的布设方面需考虑更多因素的相互作用。在此基础上,提出崩岗发育机制、防治措施及构建侵蚀模型等有待深入研究的问题。

关键词：崩岗侵蚀切沟侵蚀侵蚀动力发育过程

电解质添加对南亚热带赤红壤团聚体稳定性的影响

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中国水土保持科学 2024年第2期22卷 115-123页

作者：肖雁韦慧马占龙冷暖邓羽松广西大学林学院南宁530004 广西森林生态与保育重点实验室南宁530004

为探究外源电解质添加对南亚热带土壤团聚体稳定性的影响,以砂页岩和花岗岩2种母质发育的赤红壤为研究对象,以0、0.05、0.10、0.20、0.50和1.00 mol/L的NaCl、KCl、MgCl_(2)、CaCl_(2)溶液为介质,采用Le Bissonnais法的3种方式(快速润... 详细信息

为探究外源电解质添加对南亚热带土壤团聚体稳定性的影响,以砂页岩和花岗岩2种母质发育的赤红壤为研究对象,以0、0.05、0.10、0.20、0.50和1.00 mol/L的NaCl、KCl、MgCl_(2)、CaCl_(2)溶液为介质,采用Le Bissonnais法的3种方式(快速润湿、慢速润湿和预润湿振荡)对>3.00~5.00 mm的团聚体进行处理。结果表明:1)随着电解质浓度浓度的升高,快速湿润、慢速湿润、预湿润振荡处理下的团聚体平均质量直径(MWD)均呈现出下降的趋势。MWD值在电解质浓度从0增加到0.10 mol/L的过程中快速下降,其后逐渐趋于平缓;2)电解质浓度的增大改变了团聚体的粒径分布。随着电解质浓度的升高,2种土壤团聚体>3.00~5.00 mm的粒径质量分数均降低;3)在静水条件下,团聚体稳定度在浸没于溶液中前2 min内发生剧烈变化,相较于电解质溶液,团聚体在纯水中更稳定;4)不同破碎机制下2种土壤团聚体稳定性不同。消散作用和非均匀膨胀作用下,花岗岩赤红壤团聚体的稳定性较高,机械破碎作用下相反。从相对消散指数和相对机械破碎指数来看,2种团聚体均对消散作用更加敏感。该结果表明,外源电解质添加会降低团聚体的稳定性,改变团聚体粒径分布。浸没于溶液中短时间内土壤团聚体稳定性可发生较大改变。

关键词：团聚体稳定性 Le Bissonnais法电解质赤红壤

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花岗岩红壤坡面沟头高度对沟床跌穴发育过程的影响

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水土保持学报 2024年第3期38卷 1-11页

作者：王建羽林哲廖达兰段晓倩邓羽松广西大学林学院南宁530004 广西大学农学院南宁530004

[目的]为明确花岗岩红壤坡面沟头溯源侵蚀的关键过程及形成机制。[方法]通过设定5个沟头高度(25,50,75,100,125 cm)研究花岗岩红壤坡面沟床跌穴发育过程。[结果](1)随沟头高度增加,沟床径流雷诺数、径流剪切力、径流功率和射流参数(触... 详细信息

[目的]为明确花岗岩红壤坡面沟头溯源侵蚀的关键过程及形成机制。[方法]通过设定5个沟头高度(25,50,75,100,125 cm)研究花岗岩红壤坡面沟床跌穴发育过程。[结果](1)随沟头高度增加,沟床径流雷诺数、径流剪切力、径流功率和射流参数(触底流速、射流剪切应力、瞬时动能、跌穴径流能耗)均表现为增加趋势。(2)红土层沟床形成“V”形跌穴,随流量增加跌穴形态变化增大,但只形成面积较小的跌穴。而砂土层在冲刷过程中,沟床跌穴发育较为明显,当流量增大到120 L/min后,沟床破碎化程度增加,跌穴轮廓逐渐清晰,横截面积增大。(3)通过随机森林算法和沙普利值构建并表征模型各参数的关系,红土层沟床径流的弗罗德数、径流功率、水平出射动能、雷诺数与横截面积呈负相关;砂土层沟床径流的弗罗德数和跌穴径流能耗与横截面积呈负相关。沟床跌穴侵蚀程度可用随机森林算法构建模型预测(LCCC=1.02,R_(adjusted)^(2)=0.876和0.868)。[结论]研究结果可为揭示沟头溯源侵蚀机理和沟蚀防治提供理论依据。

关键词：花岗岩红壤沟床跌穴水力参数形态演变

Effect of joint structure and slope direction on the development of collapsing gully in tuffaceous sandstone area in South China

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2020年第2期8卷 131-140页

作者： yusong deng Xiaoqian Duan Shuwen Ding Chongfa Cai Forestry College of Guangxi University NanningGuangxi530004China College of Resources and Environment of Huazhong Agricultural University WuhanHubei430070China

This study focuses on the collapsing gullies in tuffaceous sandstone area and investigates the slope di-rection and morphological characteristics of the main and branch gullies. Furthermore, we assess the structural characteristics of the rock joints within this area, including their strike, dip direction and dip angle. The results show that there are 405 collapsing gullies in the study area. The slope directions associated with collapsing gullies and the directions of the main gullies largely fall within the ranges of NE20°-NE90°, SE90°-SE160°, SW240°-SW270°, and NW270°-NW290°. The collapsing gullies include 1103 branch gullies in total, most of which have directions that fall within the ranges of NE20°-NE40°, NE50°-NE70°, NW280°-NW300°, and NW330°-NW350°. The joints in the bedrock are directional and regional, and they can be divided into two main groups. The number of southward dip directions is greater than the number of northward dip directions, and most of the measured dip angles are greater than 60°. The mean dip angle is greatest for joints with measured strike values of NW280°-NW290°, with a value of 85.2°. The development of collapse gullies is affected by both the slope direction and joints. The slope direction determines the direction of the main gullies, with a correlation coefficient of 0.809 (P<0.01). The branch gullies are mainly affected by joints, with a correlation coefficient of 0.876 (P<0.01). The joint structure also influences the degree of development of the collapsing gullies, and the average depth of the gullies that parallel the dominant joint orientation is significantly larger than that of gullies with other directions. Moreover, the average depth of the gullies associated with the dip angle of 85.2° measured relative to the joint strike is 6.89 m, which is significantly greater than that associated with lower dip angles. The dip angles of joints have an important effect on the infiltration of water, and high dip angles accelerate the er

关键词： Soil erosion Joint Slope direction Main gully Branch gully

桂东南花岗岩红壤区典型崩岗剖面风化强度对理化特性的影响

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水土保持学报 2024年第4期38卷 122-131,142页

作者：谢福倩韦真茜廖达兰段晓倩邓羽松广西大学林学院南宁530004 广西大学农学院南宁530004 广西壮族自治区水土保持监测站南宁530023

[目的]花岗岩红壤剖面风化强度与崩岗形成密切相关,促进崩岗侵蚀的发育和扩张,研究风化强度和理化特性对崩岗的作用机理,可为花岗岩崩岗科学防治提供理论依据。[方法]选取花岗岩红壤区典型崩岗剖面为研究对象,测定不同土层的常量氧化物... 详细信息

[目的]花岗岩红壤剖面风化强度与崩岗形成密切相关,促进崩岗侵蚀的发育和扩张,研究风化强度和理化特性对崩岗的作用机理,可为花岗岩崩岗科学防治提供理论依据。[方法]选取花岗岩红壤区典型崩岗剖面为研究对象,测定不同土层的常量氧化物含量和土壤理化性质,分析花岗岩红壤风化强度对理化特性的影响。[结果](1)土壤剖面常量氧化物组成以SiO_(2)、Al_(2)O_(3)和Fe_(2)O_(3)为主,花岗岩风化壳表现出脱硅富铁铝化过程,风化强度随土壤剖面深度增加而降低,处于高等风化阶段。(2)土壤剖面的理化性质具有异质性。表层有机质、阳离子交换量、黏粒含量和饱和导水率高,黏结性和持水性强;下层砂粒含量高,结构松散,透水性强。(3)相关性和通径分析结果表明,风化强度与非毛管孔隙度、有机质、阳离子交换量、黏粒含量、饱和导水率、界限含水率呈正相关,Fe_(2)O_(3)对黏粒含量、砂粒含量和界限含水率的综合决定性能力最强。(4)表层风化强度高,黏粒比例高,对水的吸附能力强,土壤颗粒间的胶结作用强,土体稳定性好。下层风化强度低,胶结物质含量和界限含水率低,土体抗蚀性差,当土体暴露或者水蚀的条件下,容易崩塌形成崩岗。[结论]土壤剖面风化强度对理化特性产生影响,是促进崩岗形成的重要影响因素。

关键词：崩岗风化强度氧化物理化特性花岗岩红壤

Schiff-base polymer derived FeCo-N-doped porous carbon flowers as bifunctional oxygen electrocatalyst for long-life rechargeable zinc-air batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第1期76卷 470-478,I0012页

作者： yusong deng Jiahui Zheng Bei Liu Huaming Li Mei Yang Zhiyu Wang College of Chemistry Xiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105HunanChina Key Lab of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application in Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials&Application Technology of Hunan ProvinceKey Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymeric Materials of College of Hunan ProvinceXiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105HunanChina State Key Lab of Fine Chemicals Liaoning Key Lab for Energy Materials and Chemical EngineeringPSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy ResearchSchool of Chemical Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024LiaoningChina

Rational design and exploration of low-cost and robust bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts are vitally important for developing high-performance zinc-air batteries(ZABs).Herein,we reported a facile yet cost-efficient approach to construct a bifunctional oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)/oxygen evolution reaction(OER)electrocatalyst composed of N-doped porous carbon nanosheet flowers decorated with Fe Co nanoparticles(Fe Co/N-CF).Rational design of this catalyst is achieved by designing Schiff-base polymer with unique molecular structure via hydrogen bonding of cyanuramide and terephthalaldehyde polycondensate in the presence of metal *** exhibits excellent activity and stability for electrocatalysis of ORR/OER,enabling ZAB with a high peak power density of 172 m W cm^(-2)and a large specific capacity of 811 m A h g^(-1)Znat large *** rechargeable ZAB demonstrates excellent durability for 1000 h with slight voltage decay,far outperforming a couple of precious Pt/Ir-based *** functional theory(DFT)calculations reveal that high activity of bimetallic Fe Co stems from enhanced O_(2)and OH-adsorption and accelerated O_(2)dissociation by OAO bond activation.

关键词： Rechargeable zinc-air batteries Oxygen electrocatalyst Schiff-base polymer Bimetallic FeCo N-doped porous carbon

The soil configuration on granite residuals affects Benggang erosion by altering the soil water regime on the slope

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2021年第3期9卷 419-432页

作者： Xiaoqian Duan yusong deng Yu Tao Yangbo He Lirong Lin Jiazhou Chen Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation(Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River)of the Ministry of Agriculture College of Resources and EnvironmentHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070People's Republic of China

A permanent collapsing gully,locally called Benggang,formed on slopes with deep granite red soil and is a type of unique gully erosion widely prevalent in southern *** different soil configurations(SC),ie,red-transition-sandy(SC I,the transition is the soil layer between the red soil and the sandy soil layer),transition-sandy(SC II)or sandy(SC III)are usually present in the soil profile of the Benggang ***,little attention has been paid to impacts of SCs on the triggering of Benggang *** this study,we aimed to explore the relationships between soil water content(SWC)and triggering of Benggang erosion under different SC *** soil properties of different soil layers were measured and the SWC at depths of 20,40,60,and 80 cm were monitored at 5-min intervals along a typical Benggang(SC I)during *** SWC of Benggang slopes with different SCs were simulated by VADOSE/W *** showed that the red soil layer had a higher water retention capacity and shear strength than the sandy soil *** if the SWC is higher(e.g.,0.42 cm^(3)/cm^(3))at red soil layer or transition layer,the corresponding shear strength is greater than that of sandy soil layer with a lower SWC(e.g.,032 cm^(3)/cm^(3)).Relationships between shear strength and SWC of different soil layers indicate that Benggang erosion is triggered by an increase in the SWC in the deep sandy *** also showed that differences exist in the SWC distribution among the different *** SWC is higher in topsoil than in deeper soil in SC I and SC II,while in SC III,the opposite trend is *** results revealed that the presence of the red soil or transition layer can reduce the infiltration of rainwater into the deep sandy layer,thus can reduce the possibility of *** results show that the SC affects the stability of the headwall,and results provide great significances to guide the mitigation of Benggang erosion.

关键词： Saturated hydraulic conductivity Water retention capacity Shear strength VADOSE/W model

Mechanical properties and influence mechanism of confined concrete arches in high-stress tunnels

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2023年第7期33卷 829-841页

作者： Bei Jiang Zhongxin Xin Xiufeng Zhang yusong deng Mingzi Wang Shidong Li Wentao Ren State Key Laboratory for Geo-mechanics and Deep Underground Engineering China University of Mining and Technology-BeijingBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Research Center of Geotechnical and Structural Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan 250061China Shandong Energy Group Co. Ltd.Jinan 250014China

Deep underground projects(e.g., coal mines), are often faced with complex conditions such as high stress and extremely soft rock. The strength and rigidity of the traditional support system are often insufficient,which makes it difficult to meet the requirements of ground control under complex conditions. As a new support form with high strength and rigidity, the confined concrete arch plays an important role in controlling the rock deformation under complex conditions. The section shape of the tunnel has an important impact on the mechanical properties and design of the support system. However, studies on the mechanical properties and influence mechanism of the new confined concrete arch are rarely reported. To this end, the mechanical properties of traditional U-shaped steel and new confined concrete arches are compared and comparative tests on arches of circular and straight-leg semicircular shapes in deep tunnels are conducted. A large mechanical testing system for underground engineering support structure is developed. The mechanical properties and influence mechanism of confined concrete arches with different section shapes under different loading modes and cross-section parameters are systematically studied. Test results show that the bearing capacity of the confined concrete arch is 2.10 times that of the U-shaped steel arch, and the bearing capacity of the circular confined concrete arch is 2.27 times that of the straight-leg semicircular arch. Among the various influencing factors and their engineering parameters,the lateral stress coefficient has the greatest impact on the bearing capacity of the confined concrete arch,followed by the steel pipe wall thickness, steel strength, and core concrete strength. Subsequently, the economic index of bearing capacity and cost is established, and the optimization design method for the confined concrete arch is proposed. Finally, this design method is applied to a high-stress tunnel under complex conditions, and the d

关键词： High-stress tunnel Confined concrete arch Section shape Mechanical properties Design method

Soil Erodibility and Physicochemical Properties of Collapsing Gully Alluvial Fans in Southern China

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Pedosphere 2019年第1期29卷 102-113页

作者： deng yusong SHEN Xue XIA Dong CAI Chongfa DING Shuwen WANG Tianwei Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River) of the Ministry of Agriculture College of Resources and Environment Huazhong Agricultural University Forestry College Guangxi University College of Economics and Management Huazhong Agricultural University

In southern China, collapsing gully erosion produces massive deposits of sediment on the plough layer of alluvial fan farmland,leading to reduced nutrients, increased erodibility, and even desertification. The aim of this study was to investigate soil erodibility(the factor K in the Universal Soil Loss Equation, USLE) and physicochemical properties of the alluvial fans of the most severe collapsing gully erosion areas(Hubei, Jiangxi, Fujian, and Guangdong provinces) in southern China. The soils of the collapsing gully alluvial fans had a higher bulk density, but a lower total porosity, saturated water content, and silt and clay fractions than the control(CK) soils from the farmland without desertification. Soil quality gradually decreased from fan edge to fanhead. Significant decreases were found in soil p H, organic matter, cation exchange capacity, and total potassium, nitrogen, and phosphorus, as well as available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, resulting in a gradual decrease in soil nutrients from the fanedge to the fanhead. Soil erodibility was greatest in the fanhead, and soil erodibility K values of the alluvial fans were 53.71%, 66.28%, 67.53%, and 71.68% greater than that in those of the CK soils of Hubei, Jiangxi, Fujian, and Guangdong, respectively, indicating a significant correlation between the soil erodibility K values and physicochemical properties, particularly sand fraction and organic matter content. The results provide new insights into the relationship between soil physicochemical properties and erodibility of alluvial fans, and suggest that improving soil structure might increase soil fertility in the collapsing gully alluvial fan farmland.

关键词： soil erosion soil fertility soil property soil quality soil structure