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Surface Characterization of As-Spun and Supercontracted Nephila clavipesDragline Silk

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Journal of Surface Engineered Materials and Advanced Technology 2013年第3期3卷 18-26页

作者： Benoit Faugas Michael S. Ellison delphine Dean Marian S. Kennedy Department of Bioengineering Clemson University Clemson USA. Department of Materials Science & Engineering Clemson University Clemson USA

Dragline spider silks have relatively high mass-based mechanical properties (tensile strength, elongation to break and rupture energy) and are environmentally responsive (supercontraction). In order to produce new synthetic fibers with these properties, many research groups have focused on identifying the chemical composition of these fibers and the structure of the fiber core. Since each fiber also has an outer skin, our study will provide a detailed understanding of the silk surface morphology, the response of the surface morphology to environmental conditions and processing variables, and also determine if the silk surface has a definitive patterning of charged amino acids. Specifically, by using force microscopy and functionalized nanoparticles, the present study examines 1) how the silk surface (topography, average roughness) is altered due to prior mechanical loading (viz. reeling speed), 2) alterations in morphology due to environmental conditions (supercontraction, storage time), and 3) the negatively and positively charged regions along with the surface using both force and nanoparticle mapping. Roughness data taken on dragline silk collected from Nephila clavipes spiders revealed that the surface comprised both smooth (5 nm RMS) and rough (65 nm RMS) regions. Supercontracted silk (from immersion in0.01 MPBS during AFM testing) showed higher surface roughness values compared to spider silk tested in the air, indicating that the surface might be reorganized during supercontraction. No correlation was found between surface roughness and neither collection speed nor aging time for the as-spun or supercontracted fiber, demonstrating the surface stability of the dragline silk over time in terms of roughness. Both the force microscopy and the nanoparticle methods suggested that the density of negatively charged amino acids (glutamic acid, aspartic acid) was higher than that of the positively charged amino acids (lysine, asparagine, and histidine).

关键词： Spider Dragline Silk Surface Roughness Supercontraction Amino Acids AFM Force Microscopy Na-noparticles

Performance of Two Food Substrates in the Mass Rearing of Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel (Diptera: Tephritidae)

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Advances in Entomology 2023年第3期11卷 188-203页

作者： Karim Nébié Ilboudo Zakaria Pagabeleguem Soumaila Zaoua Hamoumapi delphine Dabiré Rémy Centre National de Spécialisation en Fruits et Légumes Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Département de Biologie Animale et Physiologie Animale Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Institut des Sciences de l’Environnement et du Développement Durable Université de Dédougou Dédougou Burkina Faso

The fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel is a major constraint to mango production in Burkina Faso. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of two types of food substrates in optimizing the mass rearing of B. dorsalis larvae. For this purpose, 200 eggs of B. dorsalis were divided into four batches of 50 eggs and incubated in Petri dishes containing the different food substrates (Diet 1 and Diet 2). This method was used to evaluate the rate and duration of egg hatching, as well as the development time of the different larval stages. In addition, 1200 pupae divided into four batches of 300 pupae, contained in PVC tubes, were placed inside the rearing cages to monitor the emergence of B. dorsalis. Ten pairs of B. dorsalis were placed in rearing cages and fed with Enzymatic Yeast Hydrolysate and sugar to evaluate the fecundity of female flies and the survival of both sexes. The developmental cycle length in Diet 1 and Diet 2 was 23.03 days and 23.24 days, respectively. Fecundity duration ranged from 57.75 ± 2.29 to 109.81 ± 3.81 days for females from Diet 1 and Diet 2, respectively. The pupal hatching rate varied significantly (P B. dorsalis, but the spawning index was 4 times higher with Diet 1. Most of the components of Diet 1 are available on the local market and are cheaper. Thus, we recommend the use of Diet 1 for B. dorsalis larvae mass rearing.

关键词： Fruit Fly Diachasmimorpha longicaudata Biology Food Substrates Mass Rearing

Characterization of a novel murine Sost ERT2 Cre model targeting osteocytes

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Bone Research 2019年第1期7卷 41-53页

作者： delphine B.Maurel Tsutomu Matsumoto Julian A.Vallejo Mark L.Johnson Sarah L.Dallas Yukiko Kitase Marco Brotto Michael J.Wacker Marie A.Harris Stephen E.Harris Lynda F.Bonewald Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences University of Missouri-Kansas City School of DentistryKansas CityMOUSA Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Bone.Muscle Collaborative Sciences College of Nursing and Health InnovationUniversity of Texas at ArlingtonArlingtonUSA Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Missouri-Kansas City School of MedicineKansas CityMOUSA University of Texas Health Science Center San AntonioTXUSA Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Pharmaceutical Sciences Department Universite de BordeauxBio-TisINSERM Unité1026 BioTis146 Rue Léo Saignat33076 BordeauxFrance

Transgenic mice are widely used to delete or overexpress genes in a cell specific manner to advance knowledge of bone biology,function and *** numerous Cre models exist to target gene recombination in osteoblasts and osteoclasts,few target osteocytes specifically,particularly mature *** goal was to create a spatial and temporal conditional Cre model using tamoxifen to induce Cre activity in mature osteocytes using a Bac construct containing the 5’and 3’regions of the Sost gene(Sost ERT2 Cre).Four founder lines were crossed with the Ai9 Cre reporter *** founder line showed high and specific activity in mature *** and organs were imaged and fluorescent signal *** no activity was observed in 2 day old pups,by 2 months of age some osteocytes were positive as osteocyte Cre activity became spontaneous or‘leaky’with *** percentage of positive osteocytes increased following tamoxifen injection,especially in males,with 43%to 95%positive cells compared to 19%to 32%in *** signal was observed in any bone surface cell,bone marrow,nor in muscle with or without tamoxifen *** spontaneous signal was observed in any other ***,with tamoxifen injection,a few positive cells were observed in kidney,eye,lung,heart and *** other organs,28 in total,were negative with tamoxifen ***,with age,a muscle phenotype was apparent in the Sost-ERT2 Cre ***,although this mouse model may be useful for targeting gene deletion or expression to mature osteocytes,the muscle phenotype may restrict the use of this model to specific applications and should be considered when interpreting data.

关键词： cell knowledge model

French pre-hospital trauma triage criteria:Does the “prehospital resuscitation” criterion provide additional benefit in triage?

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2014年第3期3卷 68-73页

作者： Emmanuel Hornez Olga Maurin Aurélie Mayet Tristan Monchal Federico Gonzalez delphine Kerebel Digestive Surgery Percy Military Hospital92140 ClamartFrance Service de Chirurgie Thoracique et Viscérale H?pital d’Instruction des Armées PERCY92140 ClamartFrance Medical Service Fire Department75012 ParisFrance Department of Epidemiology Health ServiceFrench Armed Forces13000 MarseilleFrance Digestive Surgery Sainte Anne Military Hospital83000 ToulonFrance Digestive Surgery Percy Military HospitalFrench Armed Forces92140 ClamartFrance Emergency Department Sainte Anne Military Hospital83000 ToulonFrance

AIM:To evaluate the performance of the specific French Vittel "Pre-Hospital(PH) resuscitation" criteria in selecting polytrauma patients during the pre-hospital stage and its potential to increase the positive predictive value(PPV) of pre-hospital trauma ***: This was a monocentric prospective cohort study of injured adults transported by emergency medi-cal service to a trauma center. Patients who met any of the field trauma triage criteria were considered "triage positive". Hospital data was statistically linked to prehospital records. The primary outcome of defining a "major trauma patient" was Injury Severity Score(ISS) > 16. RESULTS: There were a total of 200 injured patients evaluated over a 2 years period who met at least 1 triage criterion. The number of false positives was 64 patients(ISS < 16). The PPV was 68%. The sensitivity and the negative predictive value could not be evaluated in this study since it only included patients with positive Vittel criteria. The criterion of "PH resuscitation" was present for 64 patients(32%),but 10 of them had an ISS < 16. This was statistically significant in correlation with the severity of the trauma in univariate analysis(OR = 7.2; P = 0.005; 95%CI: 1.6-31.6). However,despite this correlation the overall PPV was not significantly increased by the use of the criterion "PH resuscitation"(68% vs 67.8%).CONCLUSION: The criterion of "pre-hospital resuscitation" was statistically significant with the severity of the trauma,but did not increase the PPV. The use of "prehospital resuscitation" criterion could be re-considered if these results are confirmed by larger studies.

关键词： Pre-hospital Triage Vittel criteria Injury Severity Score Trauma

Effect of 2LMISEN®on Long-Term Hippocampal Neurons Culture as a Screening Senescent Cells Model: p16INK4Aand Caspase 3 Quantification

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Advances in Aging Research 2019年第6期8卷 155-164页

作者： Nicoletta Libera Lilli delphine Révy Christelle Volteau Sandra Robelet Béatrice Lejeune Clinical & Preclinical Development and Regulatory Affairs Labo’ Life France Nantes France Syncrosome Campus Luminy-Luminy Entreprises Marseille France Clinical & Preclinical Development and Regulatory Affairs Labo’ Life Belgium Parc Scientifique CREALYS Gembloux Belgium

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of one capsule of the micro-immunotherapy medicine (MIM) 2LMISEN®compared to vehicle, in a neuronal aging model. Senescence and apoptosis of hippocampal neurons were evaluated by measuring p16INK4a and caspase 3 levels, respectively. The data presented is a single observation. Mice hippocampal neuron cultures were treated with MIM (11 mM) or vehicle (11 mM) from 22 days in vitro (DIV) until 27 DIV. After incubation, hippocampal neuron cultures were fixed at 15 (control condition), 22, 25 and 27 DIV and then incubated with primary antibodies p16INK4a, MAP2 and Caspase 3. Quantification of p16INK4a and Caspase 3-positive neurons was done using Developer software. We found that vehicle had no effect on p16INK4a expression, whereas MIM was able to decrease p16INK4a levels at 22, 25 and 27 DIV in a statistically significant manner. The MIM had no significative effect on Caspase 3 expression. Our preliminary results showed that the MIM capsule significantly reduced neuronal senescence and not apoptosis.

关键词： Neurons Senescence Micro-Immunotherapy Low Dose

Ecology of the African Rice Gall Midge, Orseolia oryzivora(Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in Western Burkina Faso, West Africa

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Advances in Entomology 2020年第1期8卷 1-14页

作者： delphine Ouattara Souleymane Nacro Kossi Latévi Adama Coulibaly Irénée Somda

The African rice midge, Orseolia oryzivora H. & G., is an important insect pest in Burkina Faso. Our study was conducted from 2017 to 2019 in three irrigated rice schemes including Banzon, Karfiguéla and Vallée du Kou in Western Burkina Faso. The objective of this study was to investigate the ecology of the insect pest. In each rice scheme, four plots of 500 m2 each, spread 50 m apart were randomly selected in farmers’ fields and used for the study. In each plot, a light trap was implemented along one of the diagonals of the plot. Each light trap consisted of a yellow plastic round bowl containing soapy water almost at half the bowl and a torch. The bowl had a capacity of 4.5 l, a diameter of 28 cm and a height of 10.5 cm. The torch had 3 batteries of 1.5 V each, 30 cm long and 1 cm diameter. The torches were lit every night at 6 pm and off at 6 am. Four hundred tillers were collected per month from the cultivated rice and from each of the alternative hosts of the rice midge in order to evaluate the monthly gall count, pre-imaginal populations and parasitism associated with O. oryzivora and its cousin, O. bonzii that is hosted by Paspalum scrobiculatum. The number of O. oryzivora’s adults caught in the light traps was higher during the wet season than the dry season. The level of larval parasitism ranged from 6.16% (Banzon) to 14.29% (Vallée du Kou). The highest level of pupal parasitism (13.73%) was recorded in Vallée du Kou. The damage of O. oryzivora was observed on the wild rice species, O. longistaminata in all three sites. The highest levels of parasitism associated with O. bonzii were recorded in Karfiguéla (20.08% and 25.21% for larval parasitism and pupal parasitism, respectively). These findings are useful in the development of a sustainable control strategy of O. oryzivora.

关键词： Rice Oryza sativa Oryza longistaminata Orseolia oryzivora Alternative Host Plants Paspalum scrobiculatum Orseolia bonzii Burkina Faso

Optimization of Fixed-Bed Design for Natural Gas Mercury Removal by Sulfur Doped into Porous Activated Carbon

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Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering 2019年第2期7卷 13-25页

作者： delphine Mukamurara Xuewu Liu Shuhua Chen Shangshang Ren Jean Claude Munyemana Jiupeng Zou School of Chemical Machinery and Safety Dalian University of Technology Dalian China College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Dalian University Dalian China Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

The present work reports the synthesis and application of sulfur doped into porous activated carbon for removing elemental mercury from natural gas using a bench-scale fixed-bed reactor. A series of experiments were carried out to investigate the optimization of Hg0 capture. Furthermore, our experimental results about optimum conditions to remove Hg0 were 1:10 of sulfur to activated carbon impregnation ratio, 350°C of impregnation temperature, and 3 hours of impregnation time. This research showed that the prepared adsorbents were capable to remove remarkable amount of Hg0 (23.615 mg/g) at high adsorption efficiency. This study may serve as reference on natural gas power plants for the removal of Hg0 using the same conditions.

关键词： Porous activated Carbon Mercury Adsorption Mechanism Natural Gas Elemental Sulfur Impregnation

Impact of Agricultural Inputs on Groundwater Pollution in Off-Season Rice Farming in the Pic of Sindou Perimeter in Burkina Faso

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2020年第5期12卷 381-388页

作者： Bama Nati Aissata delphine Barke Guida Habiba Koita Mahamadou Niang Dial Yacouba Hamma Plant Production Department Institute for the Environment and Agricultural ResearchINERAOuagadougouBurkina Faso Hydro-Systems and Agriculture Water Laboratory International Institute for Water and Environmental EngineeringOuagadougouBurkina Faso

Burkina Faso, an 80% agricultural country, today copes the massive use of agricultural inputs to boost productivity. However, these pesticides are sources of pollution of water resources. This is how, the objective of this work was to take stock of the inputs used on the Pic of Sindou rice perimeter and to characterize the vulnerability of the aquifer to these products. The study took place from February to September 2019, where two hundred farmers of the perimeter were investigated on the type and quantity of fertilizers and pesticides used in off-season rice farming activities. The DRASTIC method was used to map the vulnerability of the groundwater resource to these pollutants. Producers use NPK and Urea at 90% and 10% to the organic manure as fertilizers, and herbicides and insecticides with the actives ingredient are Glyphosate, Dimethoate and 2.4 D amine salt. The vulnerability to agricultural pollution of the aquifer remains low, but the risk of contamination from pesticides remains possible.

关键词： Groundwater Pesticide Herbicide Pollution Off Season Rice Growing

Valuation of Rice Postharvest Losses in Sub-Saharan Africa and Its Mitigation Strategies

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Rice science 2021年第3期28卷 212-216页

作者： Sali Atanga NDINDENG Alphonse CANDIA delphine Lamare MAPIEMFU Vohangisoa RAKOTOMALALA Nahemiah DANBABA Kurahisha KULWA Paul HOUSSOU Sow MOHAMMED Ousman M.JARJU Salimata S.COULIBALY Elvis A.BAIDOO Jean MOREIRA Koichi FUTAKUCHI Africa Rice Center 01 BP 2551AbidjanCôte d’Ivoire National Agricultural Research Organization Kwanda P.O.Box 7144KampalaUganda Institute of Agricultural Research for Development BP 2123 MessaYaoundéCameroon Centre National de la recherche Appliquée au développement Rural BB 1690AntananarivoMadagascar National Cereal Research Institute Badeggi P.M.B 8 BidaNigeria Kilombero Agricultural Training and Research Institute P.O.Box 405KilomberoMorogoro regionTanzania Institut National des Recherches Agricoles du Bénin 01 BP 884 CotonouBénin Sierra Leone Agricultural Research Institute Tower Hill PMB 1313FreetownSierra Leone National Agricultural Research Institute PO Box 526BanjulSerrekundaGambia Centre Régionale de Recherche Agronomique SotubaBP 262 BamakoMali Council for Scientific and Industrial Research Food Research InstituteP.O Box M20AccraGhana University of Buea P.O.Box 63BueaCameroon

Data on rice harvest and postharvest loss in Sub-Sahara Africa(SSA)is scanty making it difficult for stakeholders to appreciate the loss and set priority areas for loss reduction along the value *** address this problem,a protocol was developed and validated for postharvest loss(PHL)quantification in *** losses at each segment were determined by field *** effect of origin of rice(domestic versus imported)and type of processing(white versus parboiled milled)on rice price in 33 markets in Africa was used to estimate qualitative loss for both white and parboiled milled *** PHL for rice in SSA in 2018 is estimated at about US$10.24 billion,representing 47.63%of the expected total *** highest loss recorded was quantitative loss before and during harvesting,followed by qualitative loss along the entire value chain,quantitative loss during milling,parboiling,threshing in that order,with the lowest being quantitative loss during *** areas to be targeted for PHL reduction in SSA and some loss mitigation tools and technologies piloted or suitable for SSA are proposed.

关键词： qualitative harvest harvesting