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Heart mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetic rats

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BIOCeLL 2016年第1期40卷 7-10页

作者： SILVINA S.BOMBICINO dario e.iglesias IVANA A.RUKAVINA MIKUSIC ALBeRTO BOVeRIS LAURA B.VALDeZ 不详

Diabetic cardiomyopathy,*** ventricular dysfunction in the absence of hypertension or coronary arterial disease,is a common complication of diabetes mellitus that leads to a heightened risk of heart failure and death among diabetic *** contractile dysfunction could be associated to mitochondrial dysfunction,in which mitochondrial biogenesis could emerge as a compensatory mechanism triggered in response to *** has been proposed that nitric oxide synthase activities with enhanced NO production are involved in this *** in the contractile response and lusitropic reserve were observed in streptozotocin diabetic rats afterβ-adrenergic ***,tissue O_(2) consumption was declined.A condition of mitochondrial dysfunction with decreased mitochondrial state 3 O_(2) consumption,respiratory control ratio,mitochondrial respiratory complexes activities and ATP production were present in hearts of diabetic *** observed an increase in NO production by heart mitochondria and in cytochrome oxidase activity in heart *** latter suggests an increase of newly formed ***,the impairment of mitochondrial function with increased mitochondrial biogenesis may precede the onset of diabetic ***,mitochondrial biogenesis does not necessarily imply that the resultant mitochondria are functional,which might explain the changes in cardiac energy metabolism occurring in hearts of diabetic rats.

关键词： Diabetes Diabetic cardiomyopathy heart mitochondria nitric oxide

Floristic composition and edaphic relationships in ferruginous campo rupestre reference ecosystems

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第3期21卷 719-733页

作者： G.Wilson FeRNANDeS Letícia RAMOS dario C.PAIVA Jéssica CUNHA-BLUM Vanessa Matos GOMeS Daniel NeGReIROS ecologia evolutiva&Biodiversidade Departamento de GenéticaEcologia e Evolução/ICBUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais31270-901Belo HorizonteMGBrazil Knowledge Center for Biodiversity 31270-901Belo HorizonteMGBrazil Department of Biological Sciences Institute of EnvironmentFlorida International UniversityMiamiFL 33199USA Programa de Pós Graduação em Biodiversidade e Uso dos Recursos Naturais Universidade Estadual de Montes ClarosMontes ClarosMGBrazil Laboratório de estudo das Relações Solo-Planta Departamento de SolosUniversidade Federal Rural do Rio de JaneiroSeropédicaRGBrazil

Land use change and occupation have led to modifications in the environment causing loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services throughout the *** environments with high economic relevance,such as the ferruginous campo rupestre(rupestrian grassland known as Canga in Brazil),are even more susceptible to severe impacts due to their extreme habitat conditions and low *** determination of reference ecosystems based on the intrinsic characteristics of the ecosystem is essential for conservation as well as to the implementation of ecological *** proposed the reference ecosystem of the three main types of habitats of the ferruginous campo rupestre based on their floristic *** described the floristic composition of each habitat and evaluated the physicochemical properties of the soils and the relationship between plants and *** three habitats showed high diversity of plant species and many endemic species,such as Chamaecrista choriophylla,Cuphea pseudovaccinium,Lychnophora pinaster,and Vellozia *** distribution of vegetation was strongly related with the edaphic characteristics,with a set of species more adapted to high concentration of base saturation,fine sand,organic carbon,and iron,while another set of species succeeded in more acidic soils with higher S and silt *** provide support for the contention that the ferruginous campo rupestre is a mosaic of different habitats shaped by intrinsic local *** to recognize the floristic composition of each particular habitat can lead to inappropriate restoration,increased habitat homogenization and increased loss of biodiversity and ecosystem *** study also advances the knowledge base for building the reference ecosystem for the different types of ferruginous campo rupestre habitats,as well as a key database for highlighting those species contribute most to community assembly in this diverse and threatened tropical mountain ecosystem.

关键词： Canga ecological restoration extreme ecosystem Non-forest ecosystems Rupestrian grassland Taxon environment relationships

Reconsidering the role of depression and common psychiatric disorders as partners in the type 2 diabetes epidemic

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第6期15卷 1374-1380页

作者： Angelo emilio Claro Clelia Palanza Marianna Mazza Alessandro Rizzi Andrea Corsello Linda Tartaglione Giuseppe Marano Giovanna elsa Ute Muti Schuenemann Marta Rigoni Alfredo Pontecorvi Luigi Janiri Paola Muti dario Pitocco Diabetes Care Unit Department of Medical and Surgical SciencesFondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli IRCCSRome 00168Italy Department of Biomedical Surgical and Dental SciencesUniversity of MilanMilan 20122Italy Istituto Italiano di Antropologia ISItARome 00100Italy Unit of Psychiatry Department of NeurosciencesFondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli IRCCSUniversitàCattolica del Sacro CuoreRome 00168Italy Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale UniversitàCattolica del Sacro CuoreRome 00168Italy Health Research Methods Evidence and Impact DepartmentMcMaster UniversityOntario 1280Canada Department of endocrine-Metabolic and Dermo-Rheumatology Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli IRCCSUniversitàCattolica del Sacro CuoreRome 00168Italy

Common psychiatric disorders(CPDs)and depression contribute significantly to the global epidemic of type 2 diabetes(T2D).We postulated a possible pathophysiological mechanism that through Bridge-Symptoms present in depression and CPDs,promotes the establishment of emotional eating,activation of the reward system,onset of overweight and obesity and,ultimately the increased risk of developing *** plausibility of the proposed pathophysiological mechanism is supported by the mechanism of action of drugs such as naltrexonebupropion currently approved for the treatment of both obesity/overweight with T2D and as separate active pharmaceutical ingredients in drug addiction,but also from initial evidence that is emerging regarding glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists that appear to be effective in the treatment of drug *** hope that our hypothesis may be useful in interpreting the higher prevalence of CPDs and depression in patients with T2D compared with the general population and may help refine the integrated psychiatric-diabetic therapy approach to improve the treatment and or remission of T2D.

关键词： Depression Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists Diabetes mellitus type 2 Stress psychological Sleep wake disorders Food addiction

enhancing the light reactions of photosynthesis:Strategies,controversies,and perspectives

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Molecular Plant 2023年第1期16卷 4-22页

作者： dario Leister Plant Molecular Biology Faculty of BiologyLudwig-Maximilians-University(LMU)MunichMartinsried-PlaneggD-82152 MunichGermany

Photosynthesis is central to life on earth,employing sunlight,water,and carbon dioxide to produce chemical energy and *** is generally accepted that boosting its efficiency offers one promising way to increase crop yields under agronomically realistic *** the components,structure,and regulatory mechanisms of the light reactions of photosynthesis are well understood,concepts for enhancing the process have been suggested and partially *** approaches vary in complexity,from targeting single components to comprehensive redesign of the whole process on the scales from single cells or tissues to whole *** to enhance light utilization per leaf,by decreasing pigmentation,increasing levels of photosynthetic proteins,prolonging the lifespan of the photosynthetic machinery,or massive reconfiguration of the photosynthetic machinery and the incorporation of nanomaterials,are discussed in this review ***,strategies intended to optimize the acclimation of photosynthesis to changes in the environment are presented,including redesigning mechanisms to dissipate excess excitation energy(e.g.,non-photochemical quenching)or reduction power(e.g.,flavodiiron proteins).Moreover,schemes for improving acclimation,inspired by natural or laboratory-induced adaptation,are ***,all these endeavors are still in an early exploratory phase and/or have not resulted in the desired outcome,largely because photosynthesis is embedded within large networks of closely interacting cellular and metabolic processes,which can vary among species and even *** explains why integrated,systems-wide approaches are required to achieve the breakthroughs required for effectively increasing crop yields.

关键词： Arabidopsis adaptive laboratory evolution crop yield photosynthesis synthetic biology tobacco

Microscopic analysis of spherical to γ-soft shape transitions in Zn isotopes

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2011年第2期54卷 222-226页

作者： VReTeNAR dario Physics Department Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Zagreb

The rapid transition between spherical and γ-soft shapes in Zn isotopes in the mass A 70 region,is analyzed using excitation spectra and collective wave functions obtained by diagonalization of a five-dimensional Hamiltonian for quadrupole vibrational and rotational degrees of freedom,with parameters determined by constrained self-consistent relativistic mean-field calculations for triaxial *** microscopic potential energy surfaces,together with the characteristic collective observables,illustrate a rapid transition from near spherical shape at the N = 40 subshell,to γ-soft deformed shapes for lighter *** calculated spectra display fingerprints of a second-order shape phase transition that can be approximately described by the e(5) analytic solution.

关键词： quantum phase transitions e(5) critical-point symmetry five-dimensional Hamiltonian

Yield stress measurements and microstructure of colloidal kaolin powders clusterized and dispersed in different liquids

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Particuology 2009年第6期7卷 438-444页

作者： dario T.Beruto Alberto Lagazzo Rodolfo Botter Roberto Grillo Department of Civil Environmental and Architectural Engineering (DICAT)University of GenoaP.le Kennedy (Fiera del Mare)Pad. D16129-GenoaItaly Artigo S.p.A. loc.Carpeneto17014-Cairo Montenotte (SV)Italy

Rheologicat measurements of four colloidal kaolin powders dispersed in water, paraffinic oil and liquid rubber have been done at solid concentration （9 （VS/VL） in the range 8-33%. In quasi-static conditions the yield stress τ° values were derived. An S-shaped relationship between τ° and （9 exists, that allows to evaluate the percolation threshold θc values. In water θc ranges between 29% and 33%, while it is between 17% and 21% in oil and in liquid rubber. In water the microstructure units, i.e. the primary clusters among kaolin crystallites, are denser and bigger than the ones in the two other liquids. Furthermore, in quasistatic condition, the aqueous microstructure units have less tendency to cling together to form a network that can span all over the liquid phase. The different kaolin dispersions at θ equal to 22% are characterized by yield stress ranging between 7.S Pa and 59 Pa in water, 66-250 Pa in oil and 230-770 Pa in liquid rubber. It has been found that for any kaolin types the log τ°/ θ evaluated near to the percolation threshold is a conservative parameter of the three different liquids. These results are useful to design colloidal dispersions with selected microstructure.

关键词： Yield stress Colloid Dispersions Microstructure units Cluster Kaolin Rheology

Seasonal variance in P system models for metapopulations

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第4期17卷 392-400页

作者： Daniela Besozzi Paolo Cazzaniga dario Pescini Giancarlo Mauri Università degli Studi di Milano Dipartimento di Informatica e ComunicazioneVia Comelico 3920135 MilanoItaly Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca Dipartimento di InformaticaSistemistica e ComunicazioneVia Bicocca degli Arcimboldi 820126 MilanoItaly

Metapopulations are ecological models describing the interactions and the behavior of populations living in fragmented habitats. In this paper, metapopulations are modelled by means of dynamical probabilistic P systems, where additional structural features have been defined (e.g., a weighted graph associated with the membrane structure and the reduction of maximal parallelism). In particular, we investigate the influence of stochastic and periodic resource feeding processes, owing to seasonal variance, on emergent metapopulation dynamics.

关键词： P system metapopulation stochastic ecological model.

Optimizing an interleaved p-n junction to reduce energy dissipation in silicon slow-light modulators

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Photonics Research 2020年第4期8卷 457-467页

作者： MARCO PASSONI dario GeRACe LIAM O’FAOLAIN LUCIO CLAUDIO ANDReANI Department of Physics University of Pavia27100 PaviaItaly Centre for Advanced Photonics and Process Analysis Cork Institute of TechnologyCorkIreland Tyndall National Institute CorkIreland Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies(IFN)-CNR 20133 MilanoItaly

Reducing power dissipation in electro-optic modulators is a key step for widespread application of silicon photonics to optical *** this work,we design Mach–Zehnder modulators in the silicon-on-insulator platform,which make use of slow light in a waveguide grating and of a reverse-biased p-n junction with interleaved contacts along the waveguide *** optimizing the junction parameters,we discuss the full simulation of the modulator in order to find a proper trade-off among various figures of merit,such as modulation efficiency,insertion loss,cutoff frequency,optical modulation amplitude,and dissipated energy per *** with conventional structures(with lateral p-n junction and/or in rib waveguides without slow light)highlights the importance of combining slow light with the interleaved p-n junction,thanks to the increased overlap between the travelling optical wave and the depletion *** a surprising result,the modulator performance is improved over an optical bandwidth that is much wider than the slow-light bandwidth.

关键词： Optimizing an interleaved p-n reduce energy silicon slow-light modulators

Size contrast of Pt nanoparticles formed on neighboring domains within suspended and supported graphene

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Nano Research 2018年第3期11卷 1589-1598页

作者： dario Roccella Matteo Amati Hikmet Sezen Rosaria Brescia Luca Gregoratti Universita degli Studi di Genova - Facolta di Scienze Matematiche Fisiche e Naturali Viale Benedetto XV Genova 3-16132 Italy elettra - Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A. in Area Science Park SS 14-Km 163.5 Trieste 34149 Italy electron Microscopy Facility Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (liT) via Morego 30 Genova 16163 Italy

The relatively small size of thin （one or few layers） graphene flakes makes it extremely difficult to study the behavior of suspended graphene by characterization techniques other than the electron microscopies. Herein, we exploited the capability of spatially resolved photoemission in combination with high resolution transmission electron microscopy to investigate the interaction of thermally evaporated Pt atoms on suspended and supported graphene. Spectroscopic and microscopic analyses reveal that the nucleation of nanometer- sized Pt particles in these two regions exhibit different trends. While only small nanometer-sized islands are present on the supported graphene, relatively larger clusters of islands were also found on the suspended flakes. The X-ray photoemission C ls core levels acquired after the Pt deposition show an increase in the number of vacancies in the graphene sheets.

关键词： graphene X-ray photoemissionspectroscopy scanning photoelectron microscop nanoparticles platinum suspended films