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Nonlinear optical performance of few-layer molybdenum diselenide as a slow-saturable absorber

Photonics Research 2018年第7期6卷 674-680页

作者： GAOZHONG WANG GUANGXING LIANG AIDAN A.BAKER-MURRAY KANGPENG WANG JING JING WANG XIAOYAN ZHANG daniel bennett JING-TING LUO JUN WANG PING FAN WERNER J.BLAU Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications College of Physics and Energy Shenzhen University School of Physics and the Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN) Trinity College Dublin Key Laboratory of Materials for High-Power Laser Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences

Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides are considered promising materials for next-generation photonics and nano-optical devices. Although many previous reports have shown saturable absorption of molybdenum diselenide(Mo Se2), these nonlinear optical(NLO) properties of Mo Se2 were measured in separate works and under different conditions with their hot-carrier relaxations. Here, we conducted a series of coherent studies on the NLO properties of few-layer Mo Se2 via open-aperture Z-scan and degenerate pump-probe techniques. These measurements were taken to test the materials' capabilities as a slow-saturable absorber. A slowabsorber model was employed to analyze the NLO measurements, and the results show that the NLO modulation depth was modeled to be 7.4% and 15.1% for the linear absorption coefficients of 5.22 cm-1 and 6.51 cm-1,respectively. The corresponding saturated intensities were modeled to be 39.37 MW∕cm2 and 234.75 MW∕cm2,respectively. The excitation carrier recovery time of few-layer Mo Se2 was measured by degenerate pump-probe techniques to be ～220 ps. These nonlinear optical performances make it a promising slow-saturable absorber for passive mode locking in femtosecond lasers.

关键词：金属双卤纳米技术发展现状通讯技术

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Sendai Framework’s Global Targets A and B: Opinions from the Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction’s Ignite Stage 2019

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2022年第5期13卷 651-663页

作者： Nibedita S.Ray-bennett Krishna Clarke daniel Mendez School of Business University of LeicesterLeicester LE17RHUK Avoidable Deaths Network University of LeicesterLeicester LE17RHUK Office of the President Saint Michael Parish of Saint MichaelCaribbean Development BankBridgetown 11000Barbados

The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 set seven global targets of which the first two targets are to reduce disaster deaths(target A) and diminish the number of affected people globally(target B)by *** realize these targets,the United Nations General Assembly’s Expert Working Group provided indicators to measure progress as well as terminologies for these targets in *** around these targets is *** article contributes to the understanding of the targets by exploring:(1) what are the conditions that may hinder achieving targets,as well as those that may accelerate their achievement at the national and local levels;and(2) which types of organizations should lead a country’s effort to reduce disaster deaths?These questions were answered by opinion survey research carried out at the Sixth Session of the Global Platform for Disaster Risk *** participants identified disaster risk reduction efforts,early warning systems,awareness,finance and investment(among others) as the important facilitating factors to achieve targets A and *** investment in human security,lack of response and coordination,uncertainty of climate change,poor information,lack of campaigns and low budget allocation(among others) are considered as the important hindering factors for these targets by the *** findings also suggest that the facilitating and hindering variables of targets A and B are interconnected with global target E(disaster risk governance and capacity building).The majority of the participants thought that it is the national government who should lead in a country’s effort to reduce disaster *** on these findings,a few recommendations have been made to improve policy and practice related to the indicators as well as to reimagine theories so that targets A and B can be realized in alignment with target E at the national and local levels by 2030.

关键词： Disaster deaths Disaster risk reduction Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction HealthEDRM Health system Sendai Framework’s targets A and B

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Characterization of Biofilms and Mineralogical Scale in Underground Injection Well Disposal of Landfill Leachate and Industrial Wastewater Streams

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2019年第11期7卷 69-91页

作者： daniel E. Meeroff Bishow Shaha Frederick Bloetscher Nwadiuto Esiobu Brian Mercer Donald McCorquordale Ramana Kari Michael bennett Department of Civil Environmental & Geomatics Engineering Florida Atlantic University Boca Raton FL USA Department of Biological Sciences Florida Atlantic University Sanson Life Sciences Boca Raton FL USA Applied Biotech Inc. Plantation FL USA Solid Waste Authority of Palm Beach County West Palm Beach FL USA AECOM/URS West Palm Beach FL USA

Deep-well injection is a cost-effective alternative for industrial wastewater disposal, given the appropriate geology. Fouling of injection well tubing by biofilm or scale is common and reduces the effective diameter of the pipe, which results in increased wellhead pressure and lower injectivity. A detailed microbiological composition of biofilms and abiotic fingerprints use of mineral scale from an injection well has not been reported before. Therefore, biofilm and mineral scale samples from three depth intervals within a deep injection well (surface zone, D1= 0 - 61 m;intermediate zone, D2 = 62 - 457 m;and above the injection zone, D3 = 458 - 884 m) with recurrent biofilm development were collected to characterize the mineral composition and microbial community DNA. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of the solids confirms the composition of the solids collected was mostly calcium carbonate (CaCO3) with minor contributions from common mineral salts. Microbiological fingerprinting suggests that methanogenic archaea and sulfate-reducing bacteria both of which are anaerobic biofilm producers were the most prevalent members of the prokaryotic community at all sampled depths. Methanosarcinae spp. increased with increasing depths, unlike other archaea. A non-pathogenic biofilm-producing Entamoeba dispar was the most prevalent member of the microbial domain (>30%) in all samples but was highest at the middle depth. The Chao alpha diversity indices for bacteria, viruses, and protozoans were highest at the shallow depth and gradually declined with increasing depth. The prevalent species above the injection zone depth are not barophilic organisms that thrive at high pressures, rather they are sulfate-reducing bacteria involved in anaerobic dissimilatory sulfate metabolism.

关键词： Injection Well Leachate Industrial Wastewater Disposal Biofilm Microbiology Well Rehabilitation Metagenomic Sequencing

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周末入院病死率高——是否延长至7天服务？

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英国医学杂志中文版 2016年第1期19卷 13-17页

作者： Nick Freemantle daniel Ray David McNuhy David Rosser Simon bennett Bruce E Keogh Domenico Pagano 赵英希 Department of Primary Care and Population Health University College London UK Quality and Outcomes Research Unit University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust Birmingham UK Department of Informatics University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust Farr Institute of Health Informatics Research University College London University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust Medical Directorate NHS England London UK Department of Cardiothoracie Surgery University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust 北京大学医学人文研究院

现代化、高效的医疗保健体系不仅应该防止患者因可治疗的原因过早死亡，改善慢性疾病患者的生活质量，帮助急症患者康复，保证治疗的安全性，同时，还应该尽可能为患者提供良好的医疗照护，因此周末医疗照护减少会对以上各方面产生负面... 详细信息

现代化、高效的医疗保健体系不仅应该防止患者因可治疗的原因过早死亡，改善慢性疾病患者的生活质量，帮助急症患者康复，保证治疗的安全性，同时，还应该尽可能为患者提供良好的医疗照护，因此周末医疗照护减少会对以上各方面产生负面影响。不过，整周的服务组织与额外病死率之间的关系很难通过随机对照试验进行研究，所以医疗服务设计是基于观察得到的证据。

关键词：病死率医疗保健体系患者医疗卫生行业

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