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MoS2 synaptic transistor with one-step manufacture

Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 357-365页

作者： yihao GUO Yang WANG Wenjie DENG yi WU Jingtao LI Kexin LI Yuehui ZHAO Songlin YU Xiaoting WANG Yongzhe ZHANG Hui YAN Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Technology of Education Ministry of China Faculty of Information TechnologyBeijing University of Technology Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials Ministry of Education Faculty of Materials and ManufacturingBeijing University of Technology The 11th Research Institute of Electronics Technology Group Corporation

The synaptic transistor,which is a neuromorphic device with brain-like functions,has garnered significant attention due to characteristics such as low energy consumption,high integration,multiple functions,and high computational ***,the current synaptic transistor possesses a complicated structure and involves complex manufacturing steps,which is not conducive to low-cost,large-scale bionic ***,we introduce a simple MoS2synaptic transistor exhibiting robust synaptic *** transistor utilizes magnetron sputtering manufacture to combine the process of device metal electrode deposition and the introduction of defect states,which helps streamline the manufacturing process into a single *** long-term potentiation and long-term depression in photoelectric coordination are initially ***,biological functions,such as double pulse facilitation and the transformation behavior of short-term memory to long-term memory,are thoroughly evaluated,along with learning-forgetting-relearning ***,the device exhibits robust synaptic plasticity until incident light angles down to 30° to imitate the multi-to-one axon-cellular ***,a classical simulation of Pavlov's dog conditioned reflex is demonstrated along with the multiview extraction *** experimental results demonstrate a promising synaptic transistor with a simple structure,manufacturing technique,and excellent *** further indicates the potential for large-scale integration of bionic neuromorphic systems.

关键词： process optimization artificial synaptic device one-stepmanufacture synaptic plasticity bionic simulation

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Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in Alzheimer’s disease:effects on neural and synaptic rehabilitation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 326-342页

作者： yi Ji Chaoyi Yang Xuerui Pang yibing Yan Yue Wu Zhi Geng Wenjie Hu Panpan Hu Xingqi Wu Kai Wang Department of Neurology The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders HefeiAnhui ProvinceChina Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health HefeiAnhui ProvinceChina Institute of Artificial Intelligence Hefei Comprehensive National Science CenterHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina Department of Psychology and Sleep Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina

Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease resulting from deficits in synaptic transmission and *** Alzheimer’s disease brain tends to be hyperexcitable and hypersynchronized,thereby causing neurodegeneration and ultimately disrupting the operational abilities in daily life,leaving patients *** transcranial magnetic stimulation is a cost-effective,neuro-modulatory technique used for multiple neurological *** the past two decades,it has been widely used to predict cognitive decline;identify pathophysiological markers;promote neuroplasticity;and assess brain excitability,plasticity,and *** has also been applied to patients with dementia,because it can yield facilitatory effects on cognition and promote brain recovery after a neurological ***,its therapeutic effectiveness at the molecular and synaptic levels has not been elucidated because of a limited number of *** study aimed to characterize the neurobiological changes following repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment,evaluate its effects on synaptic plasticity,and identify the associated *** review essentially focuses on changes in the pathology,amyloidogenesis,and clearance pathways,given that amyloid deposition is a major hypothesis in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s *** mechanisms associated with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation procedures and different pathways mediating gene transcription,which are closely related to the neural regeneration process,are also ***,we discuss the outcomes of animal studies in which neuroplasticity is modulated and assessed at the structural and functional levels by using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,with the aim to highlight future directions for better clinical translations.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease amyloid deposition apoptotic mechanisms biomarker neural regeneration neurodegeneration repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation synaptic plasticity

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Spatiotemporal evolution of Ediacaran-Cambrian(ca. 551–523 Ma)sponges in South China and their simulated contributions to marine oxygenation

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年

作者： Yan YE Lei ZHANG Can CHEN Shan CHANG Yuhao yi Qinglai FENG State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences(Wuhan) School of Earth Science China University of Geosciences(Wuhan) Department of Geology Lund University Institute of Sedimentary Geology Chengdu University of Technology Key Laboratory of Deep-time Geography and Environment Reconstruction and Applications of Ministry of Natural Resources Chengdu University of Technology Second Geological Brigade of Hubei Geological Bureau College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Hubei Normal University Exploration and Development Research Institute SINOPEC Jianghan Oilfield Company

The origin and evolution of sponges have attracted interest, not only because they are among the most basal metazoans, but also because they act as important ecological engineers in the ocean. Previous research suggested that sponge groups diversified quickly during the Cambrian Series 2, while Terreneuvian sponge fossils are conspicuously rare and poorly substantiated. Yet, an increasing number of sponge spicules have been reported from the Ediacaran-Cambrian(E-C, ca.551–523 Ma) transitional carbonates/cherts worldwide, particularly in South China, which calls for updated discussions. Ocean oxygenation has been widely proposed to play a critical role in organismal evolution, but its relationship with sponges is unclear and falls into a “chicken-egg” dilemma. In this study, we summarize reported sponge spicule distributions from five E-C sections in South China to investigate the early evolutionary pattern of siliceous sponges. According to current stratigraphic correlation,monaxons first appear in the late Ediacaran in the intrashelf basin-slope area, and then potentially expand to the continental shelf and deep basin in the lower Cambrian. In these sections, the abundance, size, and diversity of monaxons increase upwards,followed by the appearance of diaxons, triaxons and then polyactines. Despite the uncertain affinity of the sponge fossils, it is possible that siliceous hexactinellids evolved later than siliceous demosponges, given that the earliest spicule assemblages are exclusively composed of monaxons, which commonly form bundles comparable to modern demosponges. New geochemical data from the Sifangjing section, Guizhou Province and the Yanziqiao section, Hunan Province, South China show that the appearance of sponges usually corresponds to anoxic environment. In addition, we applied the recently proposed Biological Pump, Oxygen and Phosphorus(BPOP) model to trace the evolution of oceanic oxygen concentrations with the radiation of sponges. The results indic

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Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide to produce formic acid coupled with oxidative conversion of biomass

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 705-729页

作者： Xi Liu yifan Wang Zhiwei Dai daihong Gao Xuebing Zhao Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis Ministry of EducationTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute of Applied Chemistry Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Electrochemical reduction of CO_(2)(CO_(2)RR)has become a research hot spot in recent years in the context of carbon *** is one of the most promising products obtained by electrochemical reduction of CO_(2) due to its high energy value as estimated by market price per energy unit and wide application in chemical *** is the most abundant renewable resource in the natural *** biomass oxidative conversion with CO_(2)RR driven by renewable electricity would well achieve carbon *** this work,we comprehensively reviewed the current research progress on CO_(2)RR to produce HCOOH and coupled system for conversion of biomass and its derivatives to produce value-added ***-and Bi-based electrocatalysts are discussed for CO_(2)RR with regards to the structure of the catalyst and reaction ***-oxidation reactions of biomass derived sugars,alcohols,furan aldehydes and even polymeric components of lignocellulose were reviewed as alternatives to replace oxygen evolution reaction(OER)in the conventional electrolysis *** was recommended that to further improve the efficiency of the coupled system,future work should be focused on the development of more efficient and stable catalysts,careful design of the electrolytic cells for improving the mass transfer and development of environment-friendly processes for recovering the formed formate and biomass oxidation products.

关键词： Electrochemical reduction of CO_(2) Formic acid Oxidative conversion of biomass Lignocellulose Coupled system

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Effect of order–disorder transition on thermodynamic and electronic properties of σ and χ phases in W–Re alloy: the first-principles calculation

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Tungsten 2025年第1期7卷 195-213页

作者： Zhi-Peng Zhu Dian Jia William yi Wang Jun-Lei yin Xing-Yu Gao Shu-Feng Yang Hai-Feng Song Jin-Shan Li State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Northwestern Polytechnical University Laboratory of Computational Physics Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing

The Tungsten-Rhenium(W-Re) alloys,celebrated for their high melting point,strength at elevated temperatures,electrical resistivity,and radiation resistance,have been widely utilized in high-temperature components,aerospace,electronics,and nuclear *** constituents of the topologically close-packed(TCP) phases,the sigma phase(σ) and chi phase(χ) formed within W-Re alloys wield considerable influence on the mechanical properties and the stability of the *** calculations were utilized in the present work to explore the structural,thermodynamic,and electronic properties of both ordered and disordered configurations within the σ and χ phases,culminating in a systematic elucidation of the higher phase stability exhibited by the ordered *** is found that the bulk modulus of these two phases is directly proportional to the concentration of Re in the alloy,while the equilibrium volume is inversely *** thermodynamic parameters of the σ and χ phases are calculated via the mean-field potential *** similar trends observed in the isobaric heat capacity,enthalpy increment,and entropy change curves for these two phases suggest they possess comparable thermodynamic *** is noteworthy that the contribution of ionic vibrations predominantly affects the isobaric heat capacity,while the contribution of thermal electronic excitations increases linearly with *** the structure and thermodynamic properties of TCP phases in W-Re alloys at low temperatures has profound significance for optimizing material performance,microstructures features,establishing theoretical foundations,and predicting material behavior.

关键词： First-principles calculations Phase stability TCP phases Thermodynamic properties W–Re alloy

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Small modifications of endo-functionalized cavities lead to large changes in molecular interaction in water

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 369-376页

作者： Song-Meng Wang Hao Nian Yan-Fang Wang Li-Shuo Zheng Yu-Tao Zheng yi-Wei Dong Liping Huang Xiaoping Wang Wei Jiang Liu-Pan Yang Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal ResourcesGuangxi Normal University School of Pharmaceutical Science Hengyang Medical School University of South China

Studying molecular recognition in aqueous environments is crucial for understanding biological processes. Herein, we present a series of N-doped endo-functionalized anthracene-based cavities by introducing inward-directed pyridine units. The subtle modifications can significantly affect the binding properties of these receptors, which is similar to the mutations in biological systems. Combining theoretical calculations and molecular recognition experiments demonstrated that these “mutations” have an impact on the hydrophobicity and charge distribution of the hosts, consequently significantly influencing molecular *** is crucial for understanding the intricate mechanisms of molecular-level interactions in biological receptors.

关键词： host-guest interaction hydrophobic effect endo-functionalized cavity mutation pyridine

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Dissipation-free approach for realizing non-Hermitian dynamics in a superconducting circuit

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年

作者： yi-Hao Kang Yang Xiao Yu Wang Qi-Ping Su Chui-Ping Yang School of Physics Hangzhou Normal University Fujian Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optics Fuzhou University Department of Physics Fuzhou University

Non-Hermitian dynamics exhibits a wealth of surprising and potentially useful phenomena. However, it is typically realized by coupling a system with thermal reservoirs, which makes the system suffer from thermal fluctuations associated with the dissipation. Here, we propose a dissipation-free approach to realize non-Hermitian dynamics using a superconducting circuit composed of two resonators and a superconducting qutrit. The non-Hermiticity arises in the dynamical matrix for the evolution of the two resonators in the Heisenberg picture, via a photon-number non-conserved dynamics. The energy spectrum of the non-Hermitian dynamical matrix can be retrieved by measuring the state of the two resonators, and a phase transition of the energy spectrum can be observed by varying the control parameters. In the realization of the non-Hermitian dynamics, the dissipation of the system and the post-selection are not required. Thus, the approach is implemented in a deterministic way, and the reservoir-induced noise is suppressed. Numerical simulations indicate that the energy spectrum of the non-Hermitian dynamical matrix obtained via the measurement of the resonators is in accordance with the theoretical prediction. Moreover, we demonstrate the parity discrimination for the state of two four-level qudits as an application, exhibiting the potential of the non-Hermitian dynamics in the field of quantum measurement. This work opens a new avenue for the realization of non-Hermitian dynamics and may have a significant implication in exploring the non-Hermitian phenomena.

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Promoting and controlling electron transfer of furfural oxidation efficiently harvest electricity,furoic acid,hydrogen gas and hydrogen peroxide

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第4期79卷 135-147页

作者： Denghao Ouyang daihong Gao Jinpeng Hong Zhao Jiang Xuebing Zhao Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis Ministry of EducationTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute of Applied Chemistry Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049ShaanxiChina

Conventional chemical oxidation of aldehydes such as furfural to corresponding acids by molecular oxygen usually needs high pressure to increase the solubility of oxygen in aqueous phase,while electrochemical oxidation needs input of external electric ***,we developed a liquid flow fuel cell(LFFC)system to achieve oxidation of furfural in anode for furoic acid production with co-production of hydrogen *** controlling the electron transfer in cathode for reduction of oxygen,efficient generation of electricity or production of H_(2)O_(2)were *** oxides especially Ag_(2)O have been screened as the efficient catalyst to promote the oxidation of aldehydes,while liquid redox couples were used for promoting the kinetics of oxygen reduction.A novel alkaline-acidic asymmetric design was also used for anolyte and catholyte,respectively,to promote the efficiency of electron *** an LFFC system achieves efficient conversion of chemical energy of aldehyde oxidation to electric energy and makes full use the transferred electrons for high-value added products without input of external ***(VO_(2))_(2)SO_(4)as the electron carrier in catholyte for four-electron reduction of oxygen,the peak output power density(Pmax)at room temperature reached 261 mW/cm^(2)with furoic acid and H_(2)yields of 90%and 0.10 mol/mol furfural,*** anthraquinone-2-sulfonate(AQS)as the cathodic electron carrier,Pmaxof 60 mW/cm^(2)and furoic acid,H_(2)and H_(2)O_(2)yields of 0.88,0.15 and 0.41 mol/mol furfural were achieved,respectively.A new reaction mechanism on furfural oxidation on Ag_(2)O anode was proposed,referring to one-electron and two-electron reaction pathways depending on the fate of adsorbed hydrogen atom transferred from furfural aldehyde group.

关键词： Oxidation of furfural Liquid flow fuel cell Electricity generation Hydrogen production Electron transfer

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Nanoimprint lithography-assisted block copolymer self-assembly for hyperfine fabrication of magnetic patterns based on L10-FePt nanoparticles

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Jie Zhang yi Chen Guijun Li Zelin Sun Zhengong Meng Wai-Yeung Wong Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and Research Institute for Smart Energy The Hong Kong Polytechnic University The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute Division of Integrative Systems and Design and Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University

L10-FePt-type bit-patterned media has provided a promising alternative for ultrahigh-density magnetic recording systems in the current digital era, but rapid fabrication of magnetic patterns with hyperfine bit islands is still challenging, especially with the target for miniaturization and scalable production simultaneously. Herein, Fe,Pt-containing block copolymers were utilized as single-source precursors for solution-processable patterning and subsequent generation of the demanding magnetic FePt dots by in situ pyrolysis. High-throughput nanoimprint lithography was initially employed to fabricate the predefined bit cells precisely,and then the intrinsic self-assembly of phase-separated block copolymers further drove the formation of accurate bit *** from the synergistic effect of top-down lithographic approach and bottom-up self-assembly, the customizable patterns could be achieved for large-scale mass production in targeted areas, but high-density isolated dots could also be accurately aligned along the patterned features after subsequent self-assembly. This reliable strategy would provide a good avenue to precisely construct ultrahigh-density magnetic data storage devices.

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Microplastic and nanoplastic exposure and risk of diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第3期13卷 24-29页

作者： Hui-yi Hsiao Chung-yi Nien Ruei-Feng Shiu Wei-Chun Chin Tzung-Hai Yen Department of Biomedical Sciences College of MedicineChang Gung UniversityTaoyuan 33302TaiwanChina Center for Tissue Engineering Chang Gung Memorial HospitalLinkouTaoyuan 33305TaiwanChina Department of Life Sciences National Central UniversityZhongli 320317TaoyuanTaiwanChina Center of Excellence for The Oceans Taiwan Ocean UniversityKeelung 20224TaiwanChina Institute of Marine Environment and Ecology Taiwan Ocean UniversityKeelung 20224TaiwanChina Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of California MercedMercedCA 95343United States Department of Nephrology Clinical Poison CenterChang Gung Memorial HospitalLinkou 33305TaoyuanTaiwanChina School of Traditional Chinese Medicine College of MedicineChang Gung UniversityTaoyuan 33302TaiwanChina

The issue of plastic pollutants has become a growing *** microplastics(MPs)(particle size<5 mm)and nanoplastics(NPs)(particle size<1μm)can cause DNA damage,cytotoxicity,and oxidative stress in various *** primary known impacts of microplastic/nanoplastic are observed in the liver and respiratory system,leading to hepatotoxicity and chronic obstructive pulmonary *** research on the effects of MPs and NPs on diabetes is still in its early stages,there are potential *** editorial highlights the risk to diabetics from co-exposure to contaminants and MPs/NPs,supported by evidence from animal studies and the various chemical compositions of MPs/NPs.

关键词： Microplastics Nanoplastics Plastic pollution,Diabetes mellitus Insulin resistance

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