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Emissions of non-methane hydrocarbons from cars in China

science China Chemistry 2010年第1期53卷 263-272页

作者： dai tianyou,wang wei,{2.,chen jianhua & liu hongjie chinese research academy of environmental science,beijing 100012.China 1. chinese research {2. of environmental science Beijing 100012 China

This study investigated the exhaust emission of non-methane hydrocarbons(NMHCs) from cars in China at the beijing driving cycle on the chassis *** emission factor average of NMHCs was 0.9 g/km,which was over twice that from the Australian car fleet and 2.4 times that of the American car emission in the *** emission profile of beijing cars showed higher fractions of aromatics and C4?C7 HCs,and lower percentages of C2.C3 HCs,compared with those of the US car *** average ratio of benzene/toluene for cars tested was 0.5,the average benzene/toluene/ethyl benzene/xylenes(BTEX) ratios were 1/2.2.0.1/1.8,which were consistent with those of the Tanyugou tunnel located in the suburb of beijing.α-pinene and β-pinene were detected from the exhaust gas on dynamometer for the first time,and had likely similar exhaust emission characteristics with C2.C3 HCs and styrene,giving an evidence that air pinenes may be related to human *** was also detected *** observations suggest that the procedure regarding pinenes and isoprene as coming from biologic sources of VOCs in the atmosphere should be applied with great care,especially in the core of the big city like *** specific reactivity of NMHCs was higher than that of cars of US,and the specific reactivity of volatile aromatic compounds was higher than that of the US SPECIATE database.

关键词： emission factor isoprene pinene photochemical reactivity beijing driving cycle car

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Smog chamber study on the evolution of fume from residential coal combustion

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Journal of environmental sciences 2012年第1期24卷 169-176页

作者： Chunmei Geng Kun wang wei wang jianhua chen Xiaoyu liu hongjie liu State Key Laboratory of environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China Department of environmental science and Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Domestic coal stoves are widely used in countryside and greenbelt residents in China for heating and cooking,and emit considerable pollutants to the atmosphere because of no treatment of their exhaust,which can result in deteriorating local air *** this study,a dynamic smog chamber was used to investigate the real-time emissions of gaseous and particulate pollutants during the combustion process and a static smog chamber was used to investigate the fume evolution under simulate light *** real-time emissions revealed that the total hydrocarbon （THC） and CO increased sharply after ignition,and then quickly decreased,indicating volatilization of hydrocarbons with low molecular weight and incomplete combustion at the beginning stage of combustion made great contribution to these *** was evident shoulder peak around 10min combustion for both THC and CO,revealing the emissions from vitrinite ***,another broad emission peak of CO after 30min was also observed,which was ascribed to the incomplete combustion of the *** with THC and CO,there was only one emission peak for NOx,SO 2.and particular matters at the beginning stage of *** fume evolution with static chamber simulation indicated that evident consumption of SO 2.and NOx as well as new particle formation were *** consumption rates for SO 2.and NOx were about 3.44% hr-1 and 3.68% hr-1,the new particle formation of nuclei particles grew at a rate of 16.03 nm/hr during the first reaction hour,and the increase of the diameter of accumulation mode particles was *** addition of isoprene to the diluted mixture of the fume could promote O 3 and secondary particle formation.

关键词： residential coal combustion smog chamber new particle formation emission characteristics

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Aircraft measurements of aerosol composition over eastern coastal, Yangtze River areas and Pearl River delta of China

Aircraft measurements of aerosol composition over eastern co...

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第七届亚洲气溶胶会议

作者： lihong ren 1 2.{2. wang1 jianhua chen1 hongjie liu1 and renjian Zhang2. chinese research academy of {12. sciences beijing Chaoyang district Dayangfang NO.8 beijing 100012.2.Institute of Atmospheric Physics beijing Chaoyang district Qijiahuozi beijing 10002.

Aircraft measurements were carried out over eastern coastal areas of China in spring and winter of 2.02. Yangtze River areas in summer of 2.03 and spring of 2.04 and Pearl River delta region in autumn of 2.04, respectively. Eight ionic components of particulate matters were sampled by filters. In these experiments, nitrate, sulfate and ammonium were the main water-soluble components in particulate matters. The total fraction of SO42. and NH4+ accounted for over 60% in PM10 and PM2.5. Crustal species （K+, Ca2. and Mg2.） had lower fractions （less than 5%）. These indicate that coal combustion pollution is the main pollution type in most regions of China. For latitudinal distribution, the concentrations of ionic species observed in northern regions were higher than those obtained in southern regions. It is due to the effects of coal burning for warming in winter and dust storm in spring in northern areas. For longitudinal distribution, the concentrations in south-western region were obviously lower than those in eastern region. Vertical distribution of ionic species showed a general decreasing trend with increasing flight altitude. For seasonal variation, the ionic species has lower concentration in summer due to wet deposit. Analysis of correlations between ionic species suggests that these components had the same source, i.e., they are mainly influenced by anthropogenic source. NH4+ and SO42. were strongly correlated, indicating that combustion was the dominant source, and they existed as （NH4）2.O4 and NH4HSO4. The depletion of Cl- was existed in air-suspended particles. The ratio of SO42. to NO3- is between 1.0 and 4.0, indicating particulate matters mainly come from emission of coal burning in China.

关键词： Aircraft measurements Ionic components Particulate matters China

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