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细胞外囊泡参与T细胞耗竭机制的研究进展

生命科学 2024年第3期36卷 333-342页

作者：代明珠余卫平薛明东南大学医学院病理生理学系南京210009 东南大学附属中大医院重症医学科南京210009

细胞外囊泡(extracellular vesicles,EVs)是指由各种细胞释放的脂质双层膜结构,可携带不同物质参与机体的病理生理过程。T细胞耗竭(T cell exhaustion,TCE)是指抗原刺激和(或)炎症持续存在造成T细胞分化、数量与质量异常改变,出现以耗竭... 详细信息

细胞外囊泡(extracellular vesicles,EVs)是指由各种细胞释放的脂质双层膜结构,可携带不同物质参与机体的病理生理过程。T细胞耗竭(T cell exhaustion,TCE)是指抗原刺激和(或)炎症持续存在造成T细胞分化、数量与质量异常改变,出现以耗竭T细胞(exhausted T cells,Tex cells)表现为主要特征的反应状态。EVs携带的信号分子能参与T细胞耗竭过程。本文综合评述了EVs在T细胞耗竭机制中的作用及潜在的临床应用价值。

关键词：细胞外囊泡 T细胞耗竭机制免疫治疗

氮肥运筹对东北寒区春玉米氮素吸收、利用及淀粉合成的影响

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江苏农业科学 2024年第7期52卷 101-109页

作者：戴明冯鹏羽郭海滨魏雅冬贾森绥化学院农业与水利工程学院黑龙江绥化152061 绥化学院教务处黑龙江绥化152061

以绥玉23为试验材料,基于普通尿素与控释尿素掺混,进行2年田间试验,设置4个氮肥水平:不施氮肥(N0)、玉米生产控制最低施氮量120 kg/hm^(2)(N1)、推荐最佳施氮量180 kg/hm^(2)(N2)、寒区常规施氮量240 kg/hm^(2)(N3),2种施用方式:一次性... 详细信息

以绥玉23为试验材料,基于普通尿素与控释尿素掺混,进行2年田间试验,设置4个氮肥水平:不施氮肥(N0)、玉米生产控制最低施氮量120 kg/hm^(2)(N1)、推荐最佳施氮量180 kg/hm^(2)(N2)、寒区常规施氮量240 kg/hm^(2)(N3),2种施用方式:一次性基施(F1)和常规分施(F2)。探索不同氮肥运筹对寒地玉米氮素吸收、利用效率及产量的影响,为东北寒区玉米施氮策略及降本增效措施的制定提供理论依据。结果表明,施用氮肥可显著影响寒区春玉米干物质积累、氮素吸收与利用、淀粉合成。与不施氮肥或较低氮水平处理相比,在较高的氮水平处理(N2、N3)下,玉米干物质积累量、氮素吸收量、灌浆阶段的有效氮含量、淀粉合成相关酶(AGPase、GBSS、SSS)活性及淀粉积累速率更高,但F1处理与F2处理差异较小,整体而言,N3F2处理与N2F1处理相当,且均具有较大值。N3F2处理下玉米植株氮积累量、籽粒氮积累量、营养器官氮转运量、花后氮同化量以及产量较高,然而其氮素转运效率、氮素贡献率及氮素利用参数较低,以N2F1处理优于N3F2处理,且N2F1处理与N3F2处理的产量差异不显著。与N2F1处理相比,其他施氮处理的氮肥偏生产力、氮肥农学效率2年平均下降4.67%~28.35%、8.22%~37.18%,氮转运效率、氮转运对籽粒贡献率及氮肥利用率2年平均分别下降1.89%~11.56%、0.92%~11.05%及0.59%~14.56%。综上,采用控释尿素与普通尿素掺混与玉米生产推荐最佳施氮量(180 kg/hm^(2))一次性基施的氮肥运筹策略,可保证灌浆期淀粉合成相关酶活性、淀粉积累及收获产量,且可有效提高氮转运及利用效率,是东北寒区春玉米生产的可行性措施。

关键词：氮肥运筹春玉米淀粉合成酶活性氮素利用产量

维普期刊数据库博看期刊

正念视角下民办高职院校辅导员的自我照顾的探索

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湖北开放职业学院学报 2024年第18期37卷 81-82,85页

作者：戴明月金肯职业技术学院江苏南京211156

本文针对当前民办高职院校辅导员日常面临的巨大工作压力导致不同程度的职业倦怠的现实情况,从“正念”视角出发,学会接纳、耐心、信任等正念的理念来对辅导员的自我照顾给予几点启示和思考,以期缓解这类高校辅导员的职业倦怠感,提升幸... 详细信息

本文针对当前民办高职院校辅导员日常面临的巨大工作压力导致不同程度的职业倦怠的现实情况,从“正念”视角出发,学会接纳、耐心、信任等正念的理念来对辅导员的自我照顾给予几点启示和思考,以期缓解这类高校辅导员的职业倦怠感,提升幸福感。

关键词：正念民办高职辅导员自我照顾接纳精神内耗

Practical Green’s function for the thermal stress field induced by a heat source in plane thermoelasticity

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2020年第4期41卷 543-550页

作者： Jian HUA ming dai State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China

The classical Green’s functions used in the literature for a heat source in a homogeneous elastic medium cannot lead to ?nite remote thermal stresses in the medium,so that they may not work well in practical thermal stress analyses. In this paper, we develop a practical Green’s function for a heat source disposed eccentrically into an elastic disk/cylinder subject to plane deformation. The edge of the disk/cylinder is assumed to be thermally permeable and traction-free. The full thermal stress ?eld induced by the heat source in the disk/cylinder is determined exactly and explicitly via the Cauchy integral techniques. In particular, a very simple formula is obtained to describe the hoop thermal stress on the edge of the disk/cylinder, which may be conveniently useful for analyzing the thermal stresses in microelectronic components.

关键词： heat source Green’s function thermal stress finite matrix

Elliptical inclusion in an anisotropic plane:non-uniform interface effects

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2022年第5期43卷 667-688页

作者： Pengyu PEI ming dai School of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering Jinling Institute of TechnologyNanjing 211169China State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China

We study the plane deformation of an elastic composite system made up of an anisotropic elliptical inclusion and an anisotropic foreign matrix surrounding the *** order to capture the influence of interface energy on the local elastic field as the size of the inclusion approaches the nanoscale,we refer to the Gurtin-Murdoch model of interface elasticity to describe the inclusion-matrix interface as an imaginary and extremely stiff but zero-thickness layer of a finite stretching *** opposed to isotropic cases in which the effects of interface elasticity are usually assumed to be uniform(described by a constant interface stretching modulus for the entire interface),the anisotropic case considered here necessitates non-uniform effects of interface elasticity(described by a non-constant interface stretching modulus),because the bulk surrounding the interface is *** this end,we treat the interface stretching modulus of the anisotropic composite system as a variable on the interface curve depending on the specific tangential direction of the *** then devise a unified analytic procedure to determine the full stress field in the inclusion and matrix,which is applicable to the arbitrary orientation and aspect ratio of the inclusion,an arbitrarily variable interface modulus,and an arbitrary uniform external loading applied *** non-uniform interface effects on the external loading-induced stress distribution near the interface are explored via a group of numerical *** is demonstrated that whether the nonuniformity of the interface effects has a significant effect on the stress field around the inclusion mainly depends on the direction of the external loading and the aspect ratio of the inclusion.

关键词： elliptical inclusion anisotropic material interface stress Gurtin-Murdoch model membrane-type interface

解毒化瘀升散方抑制NLRP3信号通路缓解慢加急性肝衰竭大鼠炎症损伤的实验研究

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中华肝脏病杂志 2024年第4期32卷 354-362页

作者：刘潇蒙健林王明刚毛德文戴铭湖南中医药大学长沙410208 广西中医药大学南宁530200 广西中医药大学第一附属医院南宁530023

目的观察解毒化瘀升散方缓解慢加急性肝衰竭(ACLF)大鼠肝脏炎症损伤的疗效及其对NLRP3信号通路活化强度的影响。方法取SD大鼠63只,随机分为空白组、模型组和解毒化瘀升散方低、中、高剂量组(分别为7.29、14.58及29.16 g·kg^(-1)·d^(-... 详细信息

目的观察解毒化瘀升散方缓解慢加急性肝衰竭(ACLF)大鼠肝脏炎症损伤的疗效及其对NLRP3信号通路活化强度的影响。方法取SD大鼠63只,随机分为空白组、模型组和解毒化瘀升散方低、中、高剂量组(分别为7.29、14.58及29.16 g·kg^(-1)·d^(-1))。采用四氯化碳联合D-氨基半乳糖和脂多糖复制ACLF大鼠模型,解毒化瘀升散方不同剂量梯度干预处理5 d,收集大鼠血清及组织样本。采用生物化学分析仪检测大鼠血清丙氨酸转氨酶、天冬氨酸转氨酶、总胆红素水平;酶联免疫吸附法检测血清白细胞介素-18、白细胞介素-1β含量;苏木精-伊红染色观察肝组织形态学改变;免疫组织化学法检测肝组织中消皮素D(GSDMD)表达;蛋白质免疫印迹法及PCR检测NLRP3、Caspase-1、凋亡相关斑点样蛋白、Toll样受体4、白细胞介素-1β、白细胞介素-18mRNA和蛋白表达水平。计量资料采用方差分析,组间比较采用秩和检验。结果与空白组相比,模型组大鼠肝组织损伤严重,血清丙氨酸转氨酶、天冬氨酸转氨酶、总胆红素水平,炎症因子白细胞介素-1β、白细胞介素-18水平,GSDMD蛋白表达水平,均较空白组显著升高(P值均<0.01),NLRP3、TLR4、Caspase 1、凋亡相关斑点样蛋白、白细胞介素-1β、白细胞介素-18蛋白与mRNA表达水平也显著升高(P值均<0.01);与模型组相比,解毒化瘀升散方低、中、高剂量组能改善ACLF大鼠肝组织损伤,血清丙氨酸转氨酶、天冬氨酸转氨酶、总胆红素水平,血清白细胞介素-1β、白细胞介素-18水平,肝组织GSDMD蛋白水平,NLRP3、TLR4、Caspase 1、凋亡相关斑点样蛋白表达均较模型组降低,其中以高剂量组降低程度最明显(P值均<0.01)。结论解毒化瘀升散方能减弱ACLF大鼠肝脏NLRP3信号通路活化强度,减轻肝组织病理损伤,减少炎症因子释放,缓解ACLF大鼠肝脏炎症损伤。

关键词：慢加急性肝衰竭炎症 NLRP3信号通路解毒化瘀升散方

Application of material-mesh algebraic collapsing acceleration technique in method of characteristics——based neutron transport code

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2021年第8期32卷 95-109页

作者： ming dai Mao-Song Cheng Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China CAS Innovative Academies in TMSR Energy System Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China

The algebraic collapsing acceleration(ACA)technique maximizes the use of geometric flexibility of the method of characteristics(MOC).The spatial grids for loworder ACA are the same as the high-order transport,which makes the numerical solution of ACA equations costly,especially for large-size *** speed-up the MOC transport iterations effectively for general geometry,a coarse-mesh ACA method that involves selectively merging fine-mesh cells with identical materials,called material-mesh ACA(MMACA),is *** energy group batching(EGB)strategy in the tracing process is proposed to increase the parallel efficiency for microscopic crosssection *** and macroscopic crosssection benchmark problems are used to validate and analyse the accuracy and efficiency of the MMACA *** maximum errors in the multiplication factor and pin power distributions are from the VERA-4 B-2 D case with silver-indium-cadmium(AIC)control rods inserted and are 104 pcm and 1.97%,*** with the single-thread ACA solution,the maximum speed-up ratio reached 25 on 12 CPU cores for microscopic cross-section VERA-4-2 D *** the C5 G7-2 D and LRA-2 D benchmarks,the MMACA method can reduce the computation time by approximately one *** present work proposes the MMACA method and demonstrates its ability to effectively accelerate MOC transport iterations.

关键词： Algebraic collapsing acceleration Material-mesh ACA Method of characteristics OpenMP Arbitrary geometry

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清代医家梁廉夫辨治小儿痘证经验探析

中国中医急症 2024年第5期33卷 899-901页

作者：李明庚戴铭广西中医药大学广西南宁530200

清代医家梁廉夫在辨治小儿痘证方面有其独到之处。梁氏认为小儿痘证乃体内胎毒受时邪侵入触动而发;辨治时强调需辨痘与伤寒之别,辨气病血病,辨表里寒热。在治疗痘证方面,提出了三宜三忌:宜细察虚实,忌妄投医药;宜益气补血,忌克伐气血;... 详细信息

清代医家梁廉夫在辨治小儿痘证方面有其独到之处。梁氏认为小儿痘证乃体内胎毒受时邪侵入触动而发;辨治时强调需辨痘与伤寒之别,辨气病血病,辨表里寒热。在治疗痘证方面,提出了三宜三忌:宜细察虚实,忌妄投医药;宜益气补血,忌克伐气血;宜健脾益肾,忌清热败毒。本文通过研究其著作《不知医必要》,浅析梁氏辨治小儿痘证的学术经验,以期为现代临床诊疗提供参考。

关键词：小儿痘证《不知医必要》梁廉夫辨治经验

The symmetry and loading-independency of multiple inclusions enclosing uniform stresses in an infinite elastic plane

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2020年第10期41卷 1493-1496页

作者： ming dai P.SCHIAVONE State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of AlbertaEdmontonAlberta T6G 1H9Canada

The identification of multiple interacting inclusions with uniform internal stresses in an infinite elastic matrix subjected to a uniform remote loading is of fundamental importance in the mechanics and design of particulate composite *** anti-plane shear and plane deformations,certain sufficient conditions have been established in the literature which guarantee uniform internal stresses inside multiple interacting inclusions displaying various symmetries when the matrix is subjected to specific uniform remote ***,sufficient conditions which allow for the design of multiple interacting inclusions independent of any specific form of(uniform)remote loading have also been *** this paper,we demonstrate rigorously that,in all cases,these sufficient conditions are also necessary conditions and indeed allow for the identification of all possible collections of such inclusions.

关键词： uniform stress Eshelby’s conjecture multiple inclusion