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Global Transmission of the penA Allele 60.001–Containing High-Level Ceftriaxone-Resistant Gonococcal FC428 Clone and Antimicrobial Therapy of Associated Cases:A Review

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Infectious Microbes & diseases 2023年第1期5卷 13-20页

作者： Stijn van der Veen department of Microbiology and Department of Dermatology of Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouPeople’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory for diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious diseases Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesThe First Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouPeople’s Republic of China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Biochemistry and Metabolic Engineering HangzhouPeople’s Republic of China

Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogen for which ceftriaxone is the only remaining recommended first-line ***,ceftriaxone susceptibility has been waning in a number of countries over the last decade and ceftriaxone treatment failures have been reported,commonly as a result of sporadic high-level ceftriaxone-resistant *** recent years,*** strains associated with the high-level ceftriaxone-resistant FC428 clone or strains that acquired its main ceftriaxone resistance determinant,penA allele 60.001,have shown global transmission,resulting in ceftriaxone treatment failure in a number of *** FC428 clone was first encountered in Japan in 2015 and subsequently in China,Europe,Australia,North America and Southeast Asia *** associated with the FC428 clone commonly display a ceftriaxone minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.5-1 mg/***,where penA alleles encountered in sporadic high-level ceftriaxone-resistant isolates induce an in vitro growth defect,penA allele 60.001 does not seem to affect in vitro *** limited impact of penA allele 60.001 on biological fitness might be associated with its successful global *** the FC428 clone displays high-level ceftriaxone resistance,most gonorrhea cases associatedwith this clone were still successfully curedwith ceftriaxonewhen intramuscular or intravenous doses of 500mg to 2 g were used.A successful alternative therapy seems to be ertapenem given at 1-g doses,although further clinical studies are required to validate *** review summarizes the global transmission of strains associated with the FC428 clone and antimicrobial treatment of associated cases.

关键词： Neisseria gonorrhoeae FC428 penA 60.001 ceftriaxone biological fitness antimicrobial resistance

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华夷风土——《南洋读本》导论

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南方文坛 2024年第2期 69-76,86页

作者：王德威哈佛大学东亚系

作为地理名词,“南洋”起自明末,泛指中国内地南方沿海区域,以及南海区域的中南半岛、马来半岛,群岛还有无数岛屿——即今日的东南亚。“南洋”至少有三种定义。清代水师曾有“南洋”舰队,顾名思义,镇守中国南方海域。更广为人知的则是... 详细信息

作为地理名词,“南洋”起自明末,泛指中国内地南方沿海区域,以及南海区域的中南半岛、马来半岛,群岛还有无数岛屿——即今日的东南亚。“南洋”至少有三种定义。清代水师曾有“南洋”舰队,顾名思义,镇守中国南方海域。更广为人知的则是中国东南沿海地区人民“下南洋”之举(1)。18世纪以来,成千上万人漂洋过海,来到东南亚垦殖、避难或经商,在20世纪上半页达到高峰。“南洋”还有第三义:明治维新后,日本帝国主义兴起,对南海乃至南太平洋区有了觊觎之心,因有对“内南洋”与“外南洋”的前进计划,终于导致太平洋战争。

关键词：南方沿海明治维新下南洋马来半岛地理名词南海区域觊觎之心中南半岛

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The impact of prehospital blood sampling on the emergency department process of patients with chest pain:a pragmatic non-randomized controlled trial

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2023年第4期14卷 257-264页

作者： Johan L.van Nieuwkerk M.Christien van der Linden Rolf J.Verheul Merel van Loon-van Gaalen Marije Janmaat Naomi van der Linden Emergency department Haaglanden Medical Centre&Emergency Medical Services Haaglandenthe Hague 2501 CBthe Netherlands Research and development Haaglanden Medical Centrethe Hague 2501 CKthe Netherlands Laboratory Services Haaglanden Medical Centrethe Hague 2501 CKthe Netherlands Emergency department Haaglanden Medical Centrethe Hague 2501 CKthe Netherlands Faculty of Health University of Applied Sciences LeidenLeiden 2300 AJthe Netherlands Faculty of Technology Policy and ManagementDelft University of TechnologyDelft 2628 BXthe Netherlands

BACKGROUNd:In patients with chest pain who arrive at the emergency department(Ed)by ambulance,venous access is frequently established prehospital,and could be utilized to sample *** blood sampling may save time in the diagnostic *** this study,the association of prehospital blood draw with blood sample arrival times,troponin turnaround times,and Ed length of stay(LOS),number of blood sample mix-ups and blood sample quality were ***:The study was conducted from October 1,2019 to February 29,*** patients who were transported to the Ed with acute chest pain with low suspicion for acute coronary syndrome(ACS),outcomes were compared between cases,in whom prehospital blood draw was performed,and controls,in whom blood was drawn at the *** analyses were used to assess the association of prehospital blood draw with the time ***:Prehospital blood draw was performed in 100 *** 406 patients,blood draw was performed at the *** blood draw was independently associated with shorter blood sample arrival times,shorter troponin turnaround times and decreased LOS(Pdifferences in the number of blood sample mix-ups and quality were observed(P>0.05).CONCLUSION:For patients with acute chest pain with low suspicion for ACS,prehospital blood sampling is associated with shorter time intervals,while there were no significant differences between the two groups in the validity of the blood samples.

关键词： Blood specimen collection Crowding Emergency medical services Troponin

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Linking electronic structure calculations to generalized stacking fault energies in multicomponent alloys

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npj Computational Materials 2020年第1期6卷 989-997页

作者： Anirudh Raju Natarajan Anton van der Ven Materials department University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCA 93106USA

The generalized stacking fault energy is a key ingredient to mesoscale models of *** we develop an approach to quantify the dependence of generalized stacking fault energies on the degree of chemical disorder in multicomponent *** introduce the notion of a“configurationally-resolved planar fault”(CRPF)energy and extend the cluster expansion method from alloy theory to express the CRPF as a function of chemical occupation variables of sites surrounding the *** apply the approach to explore the composition and temperature dependence of the unstable stacking fault energy(USF)in binary Mo–Nb ***-principles calculations are used to parameterize a formation energy and CRPF cluster *** Carlo simulations show that the distribution of USF energies is significantly affected by chemical composition and *** formalism is broadly applicable to arbitrary crystal structures and alloy chemistries and will enable the development of rigorous models for deformation mechanisms in high-entropy alloys.

关键词： alloy alloys fault

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Machine-learning the configurational energy of multicomponent crystalline solids

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npj Computational Materials 2018年第1期4卷 191-197页

作者： Anirudh Raju Natarajan Anton van der Ven Materials department University of CaliforniaSanta Barbara 93106 CAUSA

Machine learning tools such as neural networks and Gaussian process regression are increasingly being implemented in the development of atomistic ***,we develop a formalism to leverage such non-linear interpolation tools in describing properties dependent on occupation degrees of freedom in multicomponent ***-adapted cluster functions are used to differentiate distinct local *** local features are used as input to neural networks that reproduce local properties such as the site *** apply the technique to reproduce a synthetic cluster expansion Hamiltonian with multi-body interactions,as well as the formation energies calculated from first-principles for the intercalation of lithium into *** formalism and results presented here show that complex multi-body interactions may be approximated by non-linear models involving smaller clusters.

关键词： solids cluster multicomponent

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Charting the ‘composition–strength’ space for novel austenitic,martensitic and ferritic creep resistant steels

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2017年第12期33卷 1577-1581页

作者： Qi Lu Sybrand.van der Zwaag Wei Xu State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation Northeastern University Novel Aerospace Materials group Faculty of Aerospace Engineering Delft University of Technology China Science Laboratory General Motors Global Research and Development

We report results of a large computational ＇alloy by design＇ study, in which the ＇chemical composition-mechanical strength＇ space is explored for austenitic, ferritic and martensitic creep resistant steels. The approach used allows simultaneously optimization of alloy composition and processing parameters based on the integration of thermodynamic, thermo-kinetics and a genetic algorithm optimization route. The nature of the optimisation depends on both the intended matrix（ferritic, martensitic or austenitic） and the desired precipitation family. The models are validated by analysing reported strengths of existing steels. All newly designed alloys are predicted to outperform existing high end reference grades.

关键词： Alloy design Precipitation hardening Coarsening rate Solid solution strengthening Matrix

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Two-fluid modeling of Geldart A particles in gas-fluidized beds

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Particuology 2008年第6期6卷 540-548页

作者： M.A. van der Hoef J.A.M. Kuipers Faculty of Science & Technology University of Twente

We have investigated the effect of cohesion and drag models on the bed hydrodynamics of Geldart A particles based on the two-fluid （TF） model. For a high gas velocity U0 = 0.03 m/s, we found a transition from the homogeneous fluidization to bubbling fluidization with an increase of the coefficient C1, which is used to account for the contribution of cohesion to the excess compressibility. Thus cohesion can play a role in the bed expansion of Geldart A particles. Apart from cohesion, we have also investigated the influence of the drag models. When using the Wen and Yu drag correlation with an exponent n = 4.65, we find an under-prediction of the bed expansion at low gas velocities （U0 = 0.009 m/s）. When using a larger exponent （n = 9.6）, as reported in experimental studies of gas-fluidization, a much better agreement with the experimental bed expansion is obtained. These findings suggest that at low gas velocity, a scale-down of the commonly used drag model is required. On the other hand, a scale-up of the commonly used drag model is necessary at high gas velocity （U0 = 0.2 and 0.06 m/s）. We therefore conclude that scaling the drag force represent only an ad hoc way of repairing the deficiencies of the TF model, and that a far more detailed study is required into the origin of the failure of the TF model for simulating fluidized beds of fine powders.

关键词： Gas-fluidized bed Geldart A particles Two-fluid model Cohesive force drag correlation

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Modeling the effects of salt concentration on aqueous and organic electrolytes

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 546-552页

作者： Stephanie C.C.van der Lubbe Pieremanuele Canepa department of Materials Science and Engineering National University of Singapore9 Engineering Drive 1117575 SingaporeSingapore department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering National University of Singapore4 Engineering Drive 4117585 SingaporeSingapore department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Texas Center for Superconductivity University of HoustonHoustonTX 77204USA

Understanding the thermodynamic properties of electrolyte solutions is of vital importance for a myriad of physiological and technological *** mean activity coefficientγ±is associated with the deviation of an electrolyte solution from its ideal behavior and may be obtained by combining the debye-Hückel(dH)and Born(B)***,the dH and B equations depend on the concentration and temperature-dependent static permittivity of the solutionεr(c,T)and the size of the solvated ions ri,whose experimental data is often not ***,we use a combination of molecular dynamics and density functional theory to predictεr(c,T)and ri,which enables us to apply the dH and B equations to any technologically relevant aqueous and nonaqueous electrolyte at any concentration and temperature of interest.

关键词： equations electrolyte apply

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drought sensitivity of beech on a shallow chalk soil in northeastern Germany - a comparative study

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Forest Ecosystems 2017年第1期4卷 45-54页

作者： Marieke van der Maaten-Theunissen Hanna Bummerstede Janette Iwanowski Tobias Scharnweber Martin Wilmking Ernst van der Maaten Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology University of Greifswald Soldmannstr 15 17487 Greifswald Germany

Background： We compare the climate sensitivity of European beech （Fagus sylvatica L.） in two forest nature reserves in northeastern Germany. The one reserve, Schlossberg, is characterized by shallow chalk soils, whereas in the other reserve, EIdena, soils are deeper and more developed. Little is known about the drought sensitivity of beech on shallow chalk soils. Methods： We collected increment cores at both research sites and established climate-growth relationships. Inter- tree variability was assessed by employing linear mixed-effect models. Results： We expected to find distinctively higher drought sensitivity at Schlossberg due to limited water availability, but find only marginal differences in growth responses. At both sites, drought is the major climatic factor driving tree growth. Adaptations in tree architecture and an underestimation of the water holding capacity of shallow chalk soils are discussed as possible reasons for not finding more distinct climate responses. In analyzing climate-growth relationships, we specifically focused on growth responses of individual trees but observed only low inter-tree variability at both sites. Evident is a shift in climate response patterns from the first to the second half of the twentieth century with previous-year drought conditions becoming more important than current-year drought. This shift is discussed in relation to a warming trend over that same period, as well as possible trends in masting behavior of beech. Conclusion： The investigated beech trees on the shallow chalk soil are only slightly more drought sensitive than beech trees on the reference site with deeper and more developed soils.

关键词： Climate-growth relationships dendroecology Inter-tree variability Temporal stability drought stress

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direct evidence of microbiological water quality changes on bacterial quantity and community caused by plumbing system

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第6期34卷 175-183页

作者： Jun Li Anran Ren Ed.van der Mark Gang Liu Key Laboratory of drinking Water Science and Technology Research Centre for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China dunea Water Company Plaza of the United Nations 11-15Zoetermeer 2700 ATthe Netherlands Sanitary engineering Department of Water managementFaculty of Civil Engineering and GeosciencesDelft University of TechnologyDelft 2600 GAthe Netherlands

drinking water quality deteriorates from treatment plant to customer taps, especially in the plumbing system. There is no direct evidence about what the differences are contributed by plumbing system. This study compared the water quality in the water main and at customer tap by preparing a sampling tap on the water main. The biomass was quantified by adenosine triphosphate(ATP) and the microbial community was profiled by 454 *** results showed that in distribution pipes, biofilm contributed >94% of the total biomass,while loose deposits showed little contribution(deposits. The distribution of biological stable water had minor effects on the microbiocidal water quality regarding both quantity(ATP 1 ng/L vs. 1.7 ng/L) and community of the bacteria. Whereas the plumbing system has significant contribution to the increase of active biomass(1.7 ng/L vs. 2.9 ng/L) and the changes of bacterial community. The relative abundance of Sphingomonas spp. at tap(22%) was higher than that at water main(2%), while the relative abundance of Pseudomonas spp. in tap water(15%) was lower than that in the water from street water main(29%). Though only one location was prepared and studied, the present study showed that the protocol of making sampling tap on water main offered directly evidences about the impacts of plumbing system on tap water quality, which makes it possible to distinguish and study the processes in distribution system and plumbing system separately.

关键词： drinking water distribution system Plumbing system Microbiological water quality Sampling program 454 pyrosequencing

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