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distal median and radial nerve branch transfer techniques for upper extremity reanimation

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2022年第1期9卷 84-95页

作者： Jaimie Bryan d.spencer nichols Caroline Polansky Haley Oberhofer Barker Elizabeth Cox BrianneSullivan Harvey Chim College of Medicine University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32610USA department of Surgery Division of PlasticMaxillofacial and Oral SurgeryDuke UniversityDurhamNC 27710USA University of Florida GainesvilleFL 32611USA department of Surgery Division of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32610USA department of Surgery Division of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryStanford UniversityPalo AltoCA 94304USA

Nerve transfers for peripheral nerve injuries have become increasingly popular over the past two *** techniques for ulnar nerve repair have been well-documented,more recent techniques for median and radial nerve branch reinnervation are still being *** review describes the outcomes of common and emerging techniques for reinnervation of the distal branches of the median and radial nerves.

关键词： Anterior interosseous nerve AIN extensor carpi radialis brevis ECRB posterior interosseous nerve PIN nerve transfer peripheral nerve reinnervation upper extremity reanimation

Artificial light at night(ALAN) pollution alters bat lunar chronobiology:insights from broad-scale long-term acoustic monitoring

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Ecological Processes 2024年第01期13卷 176-187页

作者： Han Li Pauline Allen Saige Boris Samantha Lagrama Jade Lyons Christina Mills Pauline Moussi Casey nichols Carter Tacosik Mc Kenzie Tsaousis Nyzaya Livingston Wilson John F.Grider Kevin A.Parker Matina C.Kalcounis-Rueppell department of Biology University of Nebraska Omaha department of Biology University of North Carolina Greensboro Colorado Parks and Wild-life Parker Ecology LLC department of Biological Sciences University of Alberta

Background The timing of behavior and habitat use of nocturnal animals can be influenced by the lunar cycle in nature. The prevalence of artificial light at night(ALAN) has been recognized as a source of environmental pol-lution. The interaction between ALAN and the lunar cycle on bat behavior is important for understanding anthro-pogenic effects on bats. We utilized a decade(2012–2022) of acoustic monitoring data collected in North Carolina, United States, to investigate the relationship between bat activity, lunar cycle, and light pollution. We examined whether the amount of lunar illumination affected species-specific nightly activity and whether hourly bat activity patterns varied between nights with different moon phases. We further investigated if the relationship between bat activity and the lunar cycle might be altered by light *** We found that seven bat species showed activity variation across nights in relation to the amount of moon illumination when ALAN was absent. In general, bats were less active on full moon nights compared to new moon nights. Light pollution interacted with the bat–lunar relationship in five of the seven species, masking the effect of the lunar cycle. We identified delayed bat activity patterns on nights with a full or waxing moon in seven species, and light pollution altered that pattern in four species. Overall, ALAN was associated with decreased bat activity inde-pendent of lunar cycle *** Our study demonstrated that at a broad spatial scale, ALAN negatively affected many North American temperate bat species and altered their lunar chronobiology. As light pollution is spreading to historically dark areas and habitats, ALAN might couple with other threats, such as the white-nose syndrome or climate change, to cause cascading damage in the environment that depends on ecosystem services such as pest control provided by bats. We argue that further research and conservation actions are needed to mitigate

关键词： Artificial light at night ALAN Bats Chiroptera Chronobiology Light pollution Lunar cycle Moonlight

Elite,transformable haploid inducers in maize

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The Crop Journal 2024年第1期12卷 314-319页

作者： Brent delzer dawei Liang david Szwerdszarf Isadora Rodriguez Gonzalo Mardones Sivamani Elumalai Francine Johnson Samson Nalapalli Rachel Egger Erin Burch Kerry Meier Juan Wei Xiujuan Zhang Huaping Gui Huaibing Jin Huan Guo Kun Yu Yubo Liu Becky Breitinger Ana Poets Jason nichols Wan Shi david Skibbe Qiudeng Que Timothy Kelliher Seeds development Syngenta SeedsJanesvilleWI 53546USA Seeds Research Syngenta Biotechnology China Co.Ltd.Beijing 102206China Centro de Investigación de Cultivos Arica Syngenta R&DArica 1000000Chile Syngenta S.A. Proyecto la SoledadGraneros 2880000Chile Seeds Research Syngenta Crop Protection LLCRTPNC 27709USA Seeds development Syngenta SeedsSlaterIA 50244USA

The introduction of alleles into commercial crop breeding pipelines is both time consuming and *** technologies that are disrupting traditional breeding processes are doubled haploid(dH)breeding and genome editing(GE).Recently,these techniques were combined into a GE trait delivery system called HI-Edit(Haploid Inducer-Edit).In HI-Edit,the pollen of a haploid inducer line is reprogrammed to deliver GE traits to any variety,obviating recurrent *** HI-Edit to operate at scale,an efficient transformable HI line is needed,but most maize varieties are recalcitrant to transformation,and haploid inducers are especially difficult to transform given their aberrant reproductive *** marker assisted selection and a three-tiered testing scheme,we report the development of new Iodent and Stiff Stalk maize germplasm that are transformable,have high haploid induction rates,and exhibit a robust,genetically-dominant anthocyanin native trait that may be used for rapid haploid *** show that transformation of these elite‘‘HI-Edit”lines is enhanced using the BABYBOOM and WUSCHEL morphogenetic ***,we evaluate the HI-Edit performance of one of the lines against both Stiff Stalk and non-Stiff Stalk *** strategy and results of this study should facilitate the development of commercially scalable HI-Edit systems in diverse crops.

关键词： Zea mays L doubled haploids Transformation Genome editing QTL

Electrocatalytic generation of reactive species and implications in microbial inactivation

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Chinese Journal of Catalysis 2022年第6期43卷 1399-1416页

作者： Forrest nichols Kenneth I.Ozoemena Shaowei Chen department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California1156 High StreetSanta CruzCalifornia 95064United States Molecular Sciences Institute School of ChemistryUniversity of the WitwatersrandPrivate Bag 3P.O.WitsJohannesburg 2050South Africa

Controlling microbial proliferation in water systems,including wastewater,recreational water,and drinking water,is essential to societal *** inactivation through electrochemically generated reactive species(RS)mediated pathways provides an effective route toward this microbial *** we provide an overview of recent progress toward electrocatalytic generation of RS and their application in water disinfection,with a focus on the selective production of RS,the microorganism interactions with RS(including both RS mechanisms of action and innate microorganism responses to RS),and practical implementation of electrochemically generated RS for microbial *** article is concluded with a perspective where the challenges and opportunities of RS‐based electrochemical disinfection of water are highlighted,along with possible future research directions.

关键词： Electrocatalysis Reactive species Microorganism Inactivation Water electrodisinfection

Performances of Concrete under Elevated Curing Temperature

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2004年第3期19卷 65-67页

作者：谭克锋 John M nichols Southwest University of Science and Technology Texas A&M University(USA)

The behaviors of concrete at elevated curing temperature were studied. The test results show that when concrete is cured at elevated temperature, a harmful consequence *** later strength decreases significantly compared to that under normal curing condition. Incorporating silica fume, fly ash and slag or lowering w/c ratio can effectively alleviate this harmful consequence. Comparatively, incorporation of silica fume is the most efficient means to decrease the later strength reduction. The harmful consequence is not caused by the difference in degree of hydration since the degree of hydration is similar between elevated curing temperature and normal curing condition. The SEM analysis shows that it is the uneven distribution of hydration products caused by elevated curing temperature that leads to the later strength reduction of concrete.

关键词： curing temperature strength mineral admixture

Use of a saline-coupled bipolar sealer open liver resection for hepatic malignancy: Medical resource use and costs

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第46期22卷 10189-10197页

作者： Christine I nichols Joshua G Vose Medtronic Advanced Energy 180 Intemational Drive Portsmouth NH 03801 United States

AIM To evaluate outcomes associated with use of a saline coupled bipolar sealer during open partial liver *** This retrospective analysis utilized the United States Premier? insurance claims database(2010-2014). Patients were selected with codes for liver malignancy and partial hepatectomy or lobectomy. Cases were defined by use the saline-coupled bipolar sealer; controls had no use. A Propensity Score algorithm was used to match one case to five controls. A deviationbased cost modeling(dBCM) approach provided an estimate of *** One hundred and forty-four cases and 720 controls were available for analysis. Patients in the case cohort received fewer transfusions vs controls(18.1% vs 29.4%, P = 0.007). In dBCM, more patients in the case cohort experienced "on-course" hospitalizations(53.5% vs 41.9%, P = 0.009). The cost calculation showed an average savings in total hospitalization costs of $1027 for cases vs controls. In multivariate analysis, cases had lower odds of receiving a transfusion(OR = 0.44, 95%CI: 0.27-0.71, P = 0.0008).CONCLUSION Use of a saline-coupled bipolar sealer was associated with a greater proportion of patients with an "on course" hospitalization.

关键词： Liver resection hepatocellular carcinoma costs

Estimating above-ground biomass by fusion of LidAR and multispectral data in subtropical woody plant communities in topographically complex terrain in North-eastern Australia

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Journal of Forestry Research 2014年第4期25卷 761-771页

作者： Sisira Ediriweera Sumith Pathirana Tim danaher doland nichols School of Environment Science and Engineering Southern Cross University Lismore NSW 2480 Australia Office of Environment and Heritage Alstonville NSW 2477 Australia

We investigated a strategy to improve predicting capacity of plot-scale above-ground biomass （AGB） by fusion of LidAR and Land- sat5 TM derived biophysical variables for subtropical rainforest and eucalypts dominated forest in topographically complex landscapes in North-eastern Australia. Investigation was carried out in two study areas separately and in combination. From each plot of both study areas, LidAR derived structural parameters of vegetation and reflectance of all Landsat bands, vegetation indices were employed. The regression analysis was carded out separately for LidAR and Landsat derived variables indi- vidually and in combination. Strong relationships were found with LidAR alone for eucalypts dominated forest and combined sites compared to the accuracy of AGB estimates by Landsat data. Fusing LidAR with Landsat5 TM derived variables increased overall performance for the eucalypt forest and combined sites data by describing extra variation （3% for eucalypt forest and 2% combined sites） of field estimated plot-scale above-ground biomass. In contrast, separate LidAR and imagery data, andfusion of LidAR and Landsat data performed poorly across structurally complex closed canopy subtropical minforest. These findings reinforced that obtaining accurate estimates of above ground biomass using remotely sensed data is a function of the complexity of horizontal and vertical structural diversity of vegetation.

关键词： Fusion above-ground biomass LidAR, multispectral data subtropical plant communities

Rangeland hillslope lengths:A case study at the Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed,southeastern Arizona

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2022年第4期10卷 597-609页

作者： Li Li Mark A.Nearing Philip Heilman Mary H.nichols d.P.Guertin C.J.Williams School of Natural Resources and the Environment University of ArizonaTucsonAZ85705USA USdA-Agricultural Research Service Southwest Watershed Research CenterTucsonAZ85719USA

Rangeland hillslopes provide much of the sediment supplied to channel systems and their lengths exert a fundamental constraint on hillslope diffusive ***,information regarding lengths of rangeland hillslopes,and how best to estimate them,is *** this study,three groups of watersheds(10 in total)were selected from the Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed according to their geology,soil and vegetation *** 1 watersheds were at lower elevations dominated by shrubs,Group 3 were at high elevations dominated by grass,and Group 2 were mixed shrub and *** hillslope lengths were calculated from 1 m-resolution dEMs using three methods:a flow routing algorithm,slope-area relationships,and inverted relationship with drainage *** that characterize the current watersheds,including Hack's exponent and coefficient,watershed shape coefficient,channel concavity and steepness,and surface roughness,were quantified and related to hillslope *** shows:(1)estimated hillslope lengths were different for the three methods and between the three groups of watersheds;(2)hillslope lengths that measured from the flow routing algorithm for the ten selected watersheds primarily ranged from 30 to 100 m,with a median value of 63.0 m,which was 20%e50%greater than those derived from slope-area plots or drainage densities;(3)hillslope lengths estimated from the flow routing method were greater in Group 3 watersheds than in Group 2 and then in Group 1 *** attributed these differences in hillslope lengths to the historic epeirogenic pulses,watershed and drainage network morphology,and differences in vegetation characteristics;(4)measured hillslope lengths from the flow routing algorithm were best correlated with hillslope relief,then surface roughness,channel steepness and *** results would benefit the applications of hydrological and erosion models in rangelands.

关键词： Rangeland hillslope Slope length drainage density Slope-area relationship Hillslope hydrology

Contribution of national bioassessment approaches for assessing ecological water security： an AUSRIVAS case study

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2013年第5期7卷 669-687页

作者： Susan J. nichols Fiona J. dYER Institute for Applied Ecology and MdBfutures CRN University of Canberra Canberra ACT 2601 Australia

River managers in Australia are managing in the face of extremes to provide security of water supply for people, production and the environment. Balancing the water requirements of people, environments and econo- mies requires that water security is viewed holistically, not just in terms of the water available for human consump- tion. Common definitions of water security focus on the needs of both humans and ecosystems for purposes such as drinking, agriculture and industrial use, and to maintain ecological values. Information about achieving water security for the environment or ecological purposes can be a challenge to interpret because the watering require- ments of key ecological processes or assets are not well understood, and the links between ecological and human values are often not obvious to water users. Yet the concepts surrounding river health are inherently linked to holistic concepts of water security. The measurement of aquatic biota provides a valuable tool for managers to understand progress toward achieving ecological water security objectives. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the reference condition approach to river health assessment, using the development of the Australian River Assessment System （AUSRIVAS） as a case study. We make the link between the biological assessment of river health and assessment of ecological water security, and suggest that such an approach provides a way of reporting that is relevant to the contribution made by ecosystems to water security. The reference condition approach, which is the condition representative of minimally disturbed sites organized by selected physical, chemical, and biological characteristics, is most important for assessing ecological water security objectives.

关键词： ecological water security biological assessment river health