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Superficial Color Patches as a Visual diagnostic Criterion for Agricultural Management

Pedosphere 2013年第6期23卷 740-751页

作者： C.CASTANEdA d.moret-fernndez Estacio'n Experimental de Aula dei CSIC

Soil management matters in semiarid lands are key to have acceptable yields and to preserve diversity. After the major agricultural intensification underwent in the semiarid lands of Monegros, NE Spain, custom tailored tools are needed to reconcile agriculture with habitats conservation. The objectives of this study were to quantify the effect of soil properties of two distinctly colored soils, white patches （WP） and dark patches （dP）, dominant in the arid landscape of the central Ebro Basin, Spain on winter cereal grain yield and to prove that superficial soil color could be used as a visual diagnostic criterion for evaluation of agricultural practices in arid lands. Significant differences between WP and dP soils were found in gypsum, carbonate contents, available water holding capacity and infiltration rate. The grain yield ranged from 51 to 5 713 kg ha-1. Significantly lower yields （P 〈 0.01） and precipitation-use efficiency （P 〈 0.05） were attained in the WP soils for the three seasons studied. This difference increased with the average rainfall due to the significantly lower soil water infiltration （P 〈 0.01） and water holding capacity （P 〈 0.05） found in the gypseous soils. Our results show that mapping the soil surface color at farm scale can be a low=cost tool for optimizing agricultural practices and recovering the natural vegetation. This approach can be advantageous in similar arid or semiarid environments around the world.

关键词： arid zones dryland cropping gypsum hydraulic conductivity soil mapping

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Efficiency of HAART in the prevention of mother to children HIV-1 transmission at Saint Camille medical centre in Burkina Faso,West Africa

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2012年第12期5卷 991-994页

作者： Laure Stella Ghoma Linguissi Cyrille Bisseye Tani Sagna Bolni Marius Nagalo djeneba Ouermi Florencia W djigma Salvatore Pignatelli Joseph d Sia Virginio Pietra Remy moret Jean Baptiste Nikiema Jacques Simpore Centre de Recherche Biomoleculaire Pietro Annigoni(CERBA)/LABIOGENE UFR/SVTUniversite de OuagadougouBurkina Faso department de Biologie Unirersite des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku(USTM) FrancerilleGabon Centre Medical Saint Camille OuagadougouBurkina Faso

Objective:To evaluate efficiency of HAART in the prevention of mother to child HIV ***:A longitudinal study was conducted on 1 300 women attending the antenatal service at Saint Camille Medical Centre from September 2010 to July *** HIV status of mothers was determined by rapid tests and *** results were confirmed by real-time *** was used to determine HIV status of children born from HIV-positive ***:Among 1 300 pregnant women tested for HIV,378 were *** were predominantly housewives(69.7%),and their mean age was(28.32±0.15) *** overall prevalence of HIV transmission from mother to child was 4.8%(18/378).This prevalence differed significantly from 0.0%(0/114) to 6.8%(18/264) in children born from mothers under HAART and those with mothers under New Prophylactic Protocol(ACT + 3TC + NVP),respectively(Pdren’s mortality rate during the medical follow up was 1.3%(5/378).Among 16 women with HIV dubious status by ELISA,the Real Time PCR confirmed 2/16(12.5%) as HIV positive. Conclusions:The protocol of prevention of mother to children HIV transmission(PMTCT) is *** rate of HIV vertical transmission is significantly *** diagnosis determined by PCR of children born from HIV- positive mother is necessary and recommended in the context of PMTCT in Burkina *** also found that PCR is an effective tool to confirm HIV status in pregnant women.

关键词： Pregnant Women Child HIV PCR dNA

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Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(G6Pd) deficiency is associated with asymptomatic malaria in a rural community in Burkina Faso

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2014年第8期4卷 655-658页

作者： Abdoul Karim Ouattara Cyrille Bisseye Bapio Valery Jean Télesphore Elvira Bazie Birama diarra Tegwindé Rebeca Compaore Florencia djigma Virginio Pietra Remy moret Jacques Simpore Centre for Biomolecular Research Pietro Annigoni(CERBA) LABIOGENE UFR/SVT University of Ouagadougou BP 364 OuagadougouBurkina Faso Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology(LABMC) University of Science and Technology of Masuku(USTM)BP 943 FrancerilleGabon

Objective:To investigate 4 combinations of mutations responsible for glucose-6—phosphate dehydrogenase(G6Pd) deficiency in a rural community of Burkina Faso,a malaria endemic ***:Two hundred individuals in a rural community were genotyped for the mutations A376 G.G202A,A542 T,G680T and T968 C using TaqMan single nucleotide polymorphism assays and polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length ***:The prevalence of the G6 Pd deficiency was 9.5%,in the study *** was significantly higher in men compared to women(14.23%vs 6.0%,P=0.049).The 202A/376 G G6Pd Awas the only deficient variant *** falciparum asymptomatic parasitemia was significantly higher among the C6Pd-non—deficient persons compared to the G6Pd-deficient(Pdeficient compared to C6Pd—heterozygous females(Pdy showed that the G6 Pd A- variant associated with protection against asymptomatic malaria in Burkina Faso is probably the most common deficient variant.

关键词： Polymerase chain reaction Mutations Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency Asymptomatic malaria Burkina Faso

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Effects of seed type and bruchid genotype on the performance and oviposition behavior of Zabrotes subfasciatus （Coleoptera： Bruchidae）

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Insect Science 2006年第4期13卷 309-318页

作者： ERICK d. M. CAMPAN BETTY BENREY Labomtory of Evolutionary Entomology Institute of Zoology University of Neuchatel Neuchatel Switzerland Laboratoire dynamique de la Biodiversité Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse France

The effect of different bean varieties on the performance of the bruchid beetle Zabrotes subfasciatus Boheman （Coleoptera： Bruchidae）, was determined by using wild and cultivated seeds of the genus Phaseolus. Results showed that the quality of the host plant affected the performance and the oviposition behavior of female beetles. Overall, bruchid performance was higher on cultivated seeds than on wild seeds. It was also found that the oviposition behavior and the performance of their offspring differed between females that originated from wild versus cultivated seeds. We also demonstrated the importance of a genetic component in bruchid performance： longevity, fecundity, larval development, adult size, and the sex ratio of the progeny varied according to their matemal lineage （‘family＇）. For example, on the same host type, some females laid twice as many eggs as females from other‘families＇, and the sex ratio among the offspring correlated with that of their mother. Thus, the performance and behavior of Z. subfasciatus are not only affected by environmental factors such as the quality of the seeds on which they develop, but also have a genetic basis which can counterbalance a less suitable quality of the host plant. For a crop pest such as Z. subfasciatus, its ability to survive and adapt on host plants of differing quality may be an important attribute to consider for pest management.

关键词： bean beetles domestication host plant quality larval performance oviposition behavior

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西班牙黑色素瘤患者中HLA-II的多态现象:HLA-dQA1基因座的纯合性可能为黑色素瘤的一个潜在危险因素

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2006年第6期2卷 22-22页

作者： Planelles d. Nagore E. moret A. 吴佳纹 Laboratory of Histocompatibility-Molecular Biology Centro de Transfusión de la Comunidad Valenciana Avenida del Cid 65-A 46014-Valencia Spain

Background: The association of melanoma with HLA class II loci is under extensive debate. different investigators have found discrepant results due to, at least in part, sample size, patient series heterogeneity, choice of control population and differences in the techniques employed for the detection of HLA antigens and alleles. Objectives: This study was designed to analyse the possible association of melanoma with HLA class II loci with regard to different clinic pathological factors and to investigate other risk factors for melanoma susceptibility, such as HLA homozygosity. Patients and methods: HLA-dRB1,-dQA1 and -dQB1 genotyping was performed for 117 eastern Spanish patients presenting with primary melanoma. Results: Although there were no significant alterations in the phenotypic frequencies of HLA-dQA1, -dQB1 or -dRB1 alleles in any subgroup of patients when compared with controls, patients exhibited a statistically significant increase in HLA-dQA1 homozygosity rate. This dQA1 homozygosity-specific association was particularly dependent on some features in melanoma patients such as light hair colour, skin type I or II, early age at diagnosis, absence of atypical naevi, or abscence of atypical naevus syndrome phenotype (aetiological fractions about 10-20%). Analysis of homozygosity for single dQA1 alleles showed an increased homozygosity rate for dQA1*0505 and dQA1*0301 in comparison with controls. These dQA1 alleles are in strong linkage disequilibrium with dQB1*0301 in white populations, and dQB1*0301 homozygous individuals were significantly increased in red in or fair-haired patients (relative risk 5.65). Conclusions: Our results indicate that the contribution of HLA class II alleles to primary melanoma incidence is not significant in the Spanish population. However, homozygosity for the HLA-dQA1 locus (and,perhaps, for the HLA-dQB1*0301 allele) might be considered a potential risk factor for developing melanoma depending on the person’s genetic backgroun

关键词： HLA-Ⅱ等位基因 HLA-dQA1 原发性黑色素瘤潜在危险因素基因座西班牙纯合患者 dRB1等位基因多态现象

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