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Predicting the distribution of the Asian tapir in Peninsular Malaysia using maximum entropy modeling

Integrative Zoology 2012年第4期7卷 400-406页

作者： Gopalasamy Reuben CLEMENTS d.mark rayan Sheema Abdul AZIZ Kae KAWANISHI Carl TRAEHOLT david MAGINTAN Muhammad Fadlli Abdul YAZI Reid TINGLEY Center for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science and School of Marine and Tropical Biology James Cook UniversityCairnsAustralia Center for Malaysian Indigenous Studies University of MalayaKuala LumpurMalaysia WWF Malaysia Petaling JayaMalaysia durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology University of KentCanterburyUK Malaysian Conservation Alliance for Tigers(MYCAT)Secretariat's Office Petaling JayaMalaysia Copenhagen Zoo CopenhagenDenmark department of Wldife and National Parks Peninsular Malaysia Kuala LumpurMalaysia School of Biological Sciences University of SydneySydneyAustralia

In 2008,the IUCN threat status of the Asian tapir(Tapirus indicus)was reclasified from‘vulnerable'to‘en-dangered'.The latest distribution map from the IUCN Red List suggests that the tapirs'native range is becom-ing increasingly fragmented in Peninsular Malaysia,but distribution data collected by local researchers sug-gest a more extensive geographical ***,we compile a database of 1261 tapir occurrence records within Peninsular Malaysia,and demonstrate that this species,indeed,has a much broader geographical range than the IUCN range map ***,extreme spatial and temporal bias in these records limits their utility for conservation ***,we used maximum entropy(MaxEnt)modeling to elucidate the potential ex-tent of the Asian tapir's occurrence in Peninsular Malaysia while accounting for bias in existing distribution *** MaxEnt model predicted that the Asian tapir has a wider geographic range than our fine-scale data and the IUCN range map both *** 37%of Peninsular Malaysia contains potentially suit-able tapir *** results justify a revision to the Asian tapir's extent of occurrence in the IUCN Red ***,our modeling demonstrated that selectively logged forests encompass 45%of potentially suitable tapir habitats,underscoring the importance of these habitats for the conservation of this species in Peninsular Malaysia.

关键词： ecological niche IUCN Malayan tapir mammal MaxEnt species distribution model

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Estimating the population density of the Asian tapir (Tapirus indicus) in a selectively logged forest in Peninsular Malaysia

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Integrative Zoology 2012年第4期7卷 373-380页

作者： d.mark rayan Shariff Wan MOHAMAd Leejiah dORWARd Sheema Abdul AZIZ Gopalasamy Reuben CLEMENTS Wong Chai Thiam CHRISTOPHER Carl TRAEHOLT david MAGINTAN WWF Malaysia SelangorMalaysia durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology(dICE) University of KentCanterburyUK School of Environmental Science University of East AngliaNorwichNorfolkUK School of Marine and Tropical Biology James Cook UniversityCairnsQueenslandAustralia Center for Malaysian Indigenous Studies University of MalayaKuala LumpurMalaysia Copenhagen Zoo CopenhagenDenmark department of Wildlife and National Parks Kuala LumpurMalaysia

The endangered Asian tapir(Tapirus indicus)is threatened by large-scale habitat loss,forest fragmentation and increased hunting *** planning for this species,however,is hampered by a severe paucity of information on its ecology and population *** present the first Asian tapir population density estimate from a camera trapping study targeting tigers in a selectively logged forest within Peninsular Malaysia using a spatially explicit capture-recapture maximum likelihood based *** a trap effort of 2496 nights,17 individuals were identified corresponding to a density(standard error)estimate of 9.49(2.55)adult ta-pirs/100 *** our results include several caveats,we believe that our density estimate still serves as an important baseline to facilitate the monitoring of tapir population trends in Peninsular *** study also highlights the potential of extracting vital ecological and population information for other cryptic individual-ly identifiable animals from tiger-centric studies,especially with the use of a spatially explicit capture-recapture maximum likelihood based framework.

关键词： abundance camera trap large mammals maximum likelihood based framework Southeast Asia spatially explicit capture recapture(SECR)

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Towards Improving the Intrusion detection through ELM (Extreme Learning Machine)

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第11期65卷 1097-1111页

作者： Iftikhar Ahmad rayan Atteah Alsemmeari d.I.T Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia

An IdS(intrusion detection system)provides a foremost front line mechanism to guard networks,systems,data,and ***’s why intrusion detection has grown as an active study area and provides significant contribution to cyber-security *** techniques have been in use but major concern in their implementation is variation in their detection *** performance of IdS lies in the accurate detection of attacks,and this accuracy can be raised by improving the recognition rate and significant reduction in the false alarms *** overcome this problem many researchers have used different machine learning *** techniques have limitations and do not efficiently perform on huge and complex data about systems and *** work focused on ELM(Extreme Learning Machine)technique due to its good capabilities in classification problems and dealing with huge *** ELM has different activation functions,but the problem is to find out which function is more suitable and performs well in *** work investigates this ***,Well-known activation functions like:sine,sigmoid and radial basis are explored,investigated and applied to measure their performance on the GA(Genetic Algorithm)features subset and with full features *** NSL-Kdd dataset is used as a *** empirical results are analyzed,addressed and compared among different activation functions of the *** results show that the radial basis and sine functions perform better on GA feature set than the full feature set while the performance of the sigmoid function is almost equal on both features ***,the proposal of GA based feature selection reduced 21 features out of 41 that brought up to 98%accuracy and enhanced overall efficiency of extreme learning machine in intrusion detection.

关键词： Accuracy extreme learning machine sine function sigmoid function radial basis genetic algorithm NSL-Kdd

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Nonlinear restructuring of patterned thin films by residual stress engineering into out-of-plane wavy-shaped electrostatic microactuators for high-performance radio-frequency switches

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微系统与纳米工程(英文) 2023年第3期9卷 397-409页

作者： rayan Bajwa Heba Saleh Milad Shojaeian Ibrahim Tekin Murat Kaya Yapici Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Sabanci University34956 IstanbulTurkey Sabanci University SUNUM Nanotechnology Research Center 34956 IstanbulTurkey department of Electrical Engineering University of Washington98195 SeattleWAUSA

Electrostatic microelectromechanical (MEMS) switches are the basic building blocks for various radio-frequency (RF) transceivers. However, conventional cantilever-based designs of MEMS switches require a large actuation voltage, exhibit limited RF performance, and suffer from many performance tradeoffs due to their flat geometries restricted in two dimensions (2d). Here, by leveraging the residual stress in thin films, we report a novel development of three-dimensional (3d) wavy microstructures, which offer the potential to serve as high-performance RF switches. Relying on standard IC-compatible metallic materials, we devise a simple fabrication process to repeatedly manufacture out-of-plane wavy beams with controllable bending profiles and yields reaching 100%. We then demonstrate the utility of such metallic wavy beams as RF switches achieving both extremely low actuation voltage and improved RF performance owing to their unique geometry, which is tunable in three dimensions and exceeds the capabilities of current state-of-the-art flat-cantilever switches with 2d-restricted topology. As such, the wavy cantilever switch presented in this work actuates at voltages as low as 24 V while simultaneously exhibiting RF isolation and insertion loss of 20 dB and 0.75 dB, respectively, for frequencies up to 40 GHz. Wavy switch designs with 3d geometries break through the design limits set by traditional flat cantilevers and provide an additional degree of freedom or control knob in the switch design process, which could enable further optimization of switching networks used in current 5G and upcoming 6G communication scenarios.

关键词： performance cantilever dimensions

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