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Performance evaluation of a diesel engine by using producer gas from some under-utilized biomass on dual-fuel mode of diesel cum producer gas

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Journal of Central South University 2012年第6期19卷 1583-1589页

作者： d.k.das S.P.dash M.k.Ghosal department of Farm Machinery and Power College of Agricultural Engineering and TechnologyOrissa University of Agriculture and TechnologyBhubnaneswar-751003OrissaIndia department of Water Resources Orissa Lift irrigation CorporationGovernment of OrissaIndia

Producer gas through gasification of biomass can be used as an alternate fuel in rural areas due to high potential of biomass resources in *** were conducted to study the performance of a diesel engine(four stroke,single cylinder,5.25 kW) with respect to its thermal efficiency,specific fuel consumption and diesel substitution by use of diesel alone and producer gas-cum-diesel(dual fuel mode).Three types of biomass,*** chips,pigeon pea stalks and corn cobs were used for generation of producer gas.A producer gas system consisting of a downdraft gasifier,a cooling cum cleaning unit,a filtering unit and a gas air mixing device was designed,fabricated and used to power a 5.25 kW diesel engine on dual fuel *** of the engine was reported by keeping biomass moisture contents as 8%,12%,16%,and 21%,engine speed as 1 600 r/min and with variable engine *** average value of thermal efficiency on dual fuel mode was found slightly lower than that of diesel *** specific diesel consumption was found to be 60%-64% less in dual fuel mode than that in diesel mode for the same amount of energy *** average diesel substitution of 74% was observed with wood chips followed by corn cobs(78%) and pigeon pea stalks(82%).Based on the performance studied,the producer gas may be used as a substitute or as supplementary fuel for diesel conservation,particularly for stationary engines in agricultural operations in the farm.

关键词： biomass gasification producer gas downdraft gasifier diesel engine

Expression of a Bacterial Chitinase (ChiB) Gene Enhances Resistance against Erysiphae polygoniInduced Powdery Mildew disease in the Transgenic Black Gram (Vigna mungoL.) (cv. T9)

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2018年第8期9卷 1759-1770页

作者： d.k.das Post Graduate department of Biotechnology T.M.Bhagalpur UniversityBhagalpurIndia

To enhance the antifungal response of blackgram (Vigna mungo L.), transgenic plants were generated by transferring bacterial chitinase gene with a CaMV 35S promoter. The chopped multiple shoot cells developed on the cotyledonary node were transformed by Particle gun method. Thecalli were raised on the Murashige and Skoog (MS) modified media supplemented with 50 m·gl-1 kanamycin. The transformation efficiency was 13% approximately. The resultant shoot buds were selected and the antibiotic resistant transgenic plantlets were regenerated. The development of the transgenic plants from the shoot buds took about four to six months. The integration of the transgene was confirmed by PCR, RT-PCR, Southern and western blot analyses. The transgenic plants exhibited higher chitinase activity than the non-transformed ones. The chitinase activity was examined by native polyacrylamide in-gel assay. The transgenic plants showed fungal tolerance as evidenced by the delayed onset of the disease and smaller lesions following an in vitro inoculation of the powdery mildew pathogen (Erysiphae polygoni dC). The transgenic plants adapted well to the greenhouse and did not show any phenotypic alterations.

关键词： Particle Gun Bombardment Organogenesis Powdery Mildew Transformation Erysiphae polygoni dC

Balanced nitrogen economy as a flexible strategy on yield stabilizing and quality of aquatic food crops in wetland ecosystem

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维普期刊数据库

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2005年第Z2期48卷 980-987页

作者： A.M.Puste P.k.Sarkar d.k.das department of Agronomy Faculty of Agriculture Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya (Agricultural University) Mohanpur-741 252NadiaWest BengalIndia department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science Faculty of Agriculture Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya (Agricultural University) Mohanpur-741 252NadiaWest BengalIndia

In wetland ecosystem, nitrogen along with other elements and its management is most imperative for the production of so many aquatic food, non-food and beneficial medicinal plants and for the improvement of soil and water characteristics. With great significant importance of INM (integrated nutrient management) as sources, emphasizing on management on nitrogen as a key element and its divergence, a case study was undertaken on such aquatic food crops (starch and protein-rich, most popular and remunerative) in the farmers' field of low-lying 'Tal' situation of New Alluvial Zone of Indian subtropics. The study was designed in factorial randomized block design, where, three important aquatic food crops (water chestnut (Trapa bispinosa Roxb.), makhana (Euryale ferox Salisb.) and water lily (Nymphaea spp.) as major factor and eleven combinations of organic and inorganic sources of nutrients as sub-factor was considered in the experiment. It revealed from the results that the production of fresh kernels or nuts of water chestnut (8.571 ha-1), matured nut yield of makhana (3.06 t ha-1) and flower stalks of water-lily as vegetables (6.38 t ha-1) including its nutritional quality (starch, protein, sugar and minerals) was remarkably influenced with the application of both organic (neem oilcake @ 0.2 t ha-1) and inorganic sources (NPk @ 30:20:20 kg ha-1 along with spraying of NPk @ 0.5% each over crop canopy at 20 days interval after transplanting) than the other INM combinations applied to the crops. Among the crops, highest WCYE (water chestnut yield equivalence) exhibited in makhana due to its high price of popped-form in the country, which is being exported to other countries at now. Sole application of both (organic and inorganic sources) with lower range did not produce any significant outcome from the study and exhibited lower value for all the crops. Besides production of food crops, INM also greatly influenced the soil and water characterization and it was favourably

关键词： aquatic food crops INM nitrogen soil & water characterization economics wetland ecosystem.

Stability of Zn-EdTA over That of Zinc Sulphate in Soils

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Stability of Zn-EDTA over That of Zinc Sulphate in Soils

Effect of eccentric and inclined loading on the bearing capacity of strip footing placed on rock mass

国际农业工程大会

作者： Tanmoy karak Uttam kumar Singh d.k.das Visiting Scientist Department of Soil and Water Sciences College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural University No.2 West Yuanmingyuan Road Beijing-100094 P.R.China. Visiting Scientist Department of Soil and Water Sciences College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural University No.2 West Yuanmingyuan Road Beijing-100094 P.R.China. Professor Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science Faculty of Agriculture Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya Mohanpur-741252 Nadia West Bengal India

＜正＞ Zinc （Zn） is one of the essential micronutrients required for growth and development of crops. It plays an important role in different plant metabolism process like development of cell wall, respiration, photosynthesis and other bio-chemical functions etc. As much as around 40% of soil samples analyzed throughout all districts of West Bengal have been found to be deficient in Zn. The problem seems to be more acute for rice as around half of the total rice areas found

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 292-312页

作者： Shuvankar das debarghya CHAkRABORTY department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology KharagpurWest Bengal-721302India

This paper deals with the bearing capacity determination of strip footing on a rock mass in hilly area by considering the influence of inclined and eccentric loading. Applying the generalized HoekBrown failure criterion, the failure behavior of the rock mass is modeled with the help of the power cone programming in the lower bound finite element limit analysis framework. Using bearing capacity factor(Ns), the change in bearing capacity of the strip footing due to the occurrence of eccentrically inclined loading is presented. The variations of the magnitude of Ns are obtained by examining the effects of the Hoek-Brown rock mass strength parameters(uniaxial compressive strength(sci), disturbance factor(d), rock parameter(mi), and Geological Strength Index(GSI)) in the presence of different magnitudes of eccentricity(e) and inclination angle(λ) with respect to the vertical plane, and presented as design charts. Both the inclined loading modes, i.e., inclination towards the center of strip footing(+λ) and inclination away from the center of strip footing(-λ), are adopted to perform the investigation. In addition, the correlation between the input parameters and the corresponding output is developed by utilizing the artificial neural network(ANN). Additionally, from sensitivity analysis, it is observed that inclination angle(λ) is the most sensitive parameter. For practicing engineers, the obtained design equation and design charts can be beneficial to understand the bearing capacity variation in the existence of eccentrically inclined loading in mountain areas.

关键词： Eccentric and inclined Power cone programming Rock mass Limit analysis Artificial neural network

Highly Efficient Back‑End‑of‑Line Compatible Flexible Si‑Based Optical Memristive Crossbar Array for Edge Neuromorphic Physiological Signal Processing and Bionic Machine Vision

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第11期16卷 323-339页

作者： dayanand kumar Hanrui Li dhananjay d.kumbhar Manoj kumar Rajbhar Uttam kumar das Abdul Momin Syed Georgian Melinte Nazek El‑Atab Smart Advanced Memory Devices and Applications(SAMA)LaboratoryElectrical and Computer EngineeringComputer Electrical Mathematical Science and EngineeringKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)23955‑6900 ThuwalSaudi Arabia

The emergence of the Internet-of-Things is anticipated to create a vast market for what are known as smart edge devices,opening numerous opportunities across countless domains,including personalized healthcare and advanced *** 3d integration,edge devices can achieve unprecedented miniaturization while simultaneously boosting processing power and minimizing energy ***,we demonstrate a back-end-of-line compatible optoelectronic synapse with a transfer learning method on health care applications,including electroencephalogram(EEG)-based seizure prediction,electromyography(EMG)-based gesture recognition,and electrocardiogram(ECG)-based arrhythmia *** experiments on three biomedical datasets,we observe the classification accuracy improvement for the pretrained model with 2.93%on EEG,4.90%on ECG,and 7.92%on EMG,*** optical programming property of the device enables an ultralow power(2.8×10^(-13) J)fine-tuning process and offers solutions for patient-specific issues in edge computing ***,the device exhibits impressive light-sensitive characteristics that enable a range of light-triggered synaptic functions,making it promising for neuromorphic vision *** display the benefits of these intricate synaptic properties,a 5×5 optoelectronic synapse array is developed,effectively simulating human visual perception and memory *** proposed flexible optoelectronic synapse holds immense potential for advancing the fields of neuromorphic physiological signal processing and artificial visual systems in wearable applications.

关键词： Neuromorphic computing Electrophysiological signal Artificial vision system Image recognition Memristor

Effect of in ovo feeding of xylobiose and xylotriose on plasma immunoglobulin, cecal metabolites production, microbial ecology, and metabolic pathways in broiler chickens

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1578-1589页

作者： Razib das Pravin Mishra Birendra Mishra Rajesh Jha department of Human Nutrition Food and Animal SciencesCollege of Tropical Agriculture and Human ResourcesUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96822USA

Background dietary supplementation of xylooligosac charides(XOS) has been found to influence gut health by manipulating cecal microbiota and producing microbe-origin *** no study investigated and compared the effect of in ovo feeding of xylobiose(XOS2) and xy lotriose(XOS3) in *** study investigated the effect of in ovo feeding of these XOS compounds on post-hatch gut health parameters in chickens.A total of 144 fertilized chicken eggs were divided into three groups:a) non-injected control(CON),b) XOS2,and c) *** the 17^(th) embryonic day,the eggs of the XOS2 and XOS3 groups were injected with 3 mg of XOS2 and XOS3 diluted in 0.5 mL of 0.85% normal saline through the amniotic *** hatching,the chicks were raised for 21 *** was collected on d 14 to measure plasma *** digests were collected for measuring short-chain fatty acids(SCFA) on d 14 and 21,and for microbial ecology and microbial metabolic pathway analyses on d 7 and *** The results were considered significantly different at Pd plasma IgA and IgG on d 14chickens,revealing no differences among the *** chromatography results showed no significant differences in the concentrations of cecal SCFAs on d 14 but significant differences on d ***;the SCFA concentrations were lower in the XOS3 than in the CON group on d *** cecal metagenomics data showed that the abundance of the family Clostridiaceae significantly decreased on d 7,and the abundance of the family Oscillospiraceae increased on d 21 in the XOS2 compared to the *** was a reduction in the relative abundance of genus Clostridium sense stricto 1 in the XOS2 compared to the CON on d 7 and the genus Ruminococcus,torques in both XOS2 and XOS3 groups compared to the CON on d *** XOS2 and XOS3 groups reduced the genes for chondroitin sulfate degradation Ⅰ and L-histidine degradation Ⅰpathways,which contribute to improved gut health,respectivelyc in the micr

关键词： Broiler In ovo Metagenomics Prebiotic Xylooligosaccharides

Scalable orthogonal delay-division multiplexed OEO artificial neural network trained for TI-AdC equalization

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Photonics Research 2024年第1期12卷 85-105页

作者： ANdREA ZAZZI ARkA dIPTA das LUkAS HüSSEN RENATO NEGRA JEREMY WITZENS Institute of Integrated Photonics RWTH Aachen University52074 AachenGermany Chair of High-Frequency Electronics RWTH Aachen University52074 AachenGermany

We propose a new signaling scheme for on-chip optical-electrical-optical artificial neural networks that utilizes orthogonal delay-division multiplexing and pilot-tone-based self-homodyne *** scheme offers a more efficient scaling of the optical power budget with increasing network *** simulations,based on220 nm silicon-on-insulator silicon photonics technology,suggest that the network can support 31×31 neurons,with 961 links and freely programmable weights,using a single 500 m W optical comb and a signal-to-noise ratio of 21.3 d B per ***,it features a low sensitivity to temperature fluctuations,ensuring that it can be operated outside of a laboratory *** demonstrate the network’s effectiveness in nonlinear equalization tasks by training it to equalize a time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter(AdC)architecture,achieving an effective number of bits over 4 over the entire 75 GHz AdC *** anticipate that this network architecture will enable broadband and low latency nonlinear signal processing in practical settings such as ultra-broadband data converters and real-time control systems.

关键词： network delay artificial

Resistance and resilience of soil biological indicators:A case study with multi-walled carbon nanotube

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Pedosphere 2024年第3期34卷 664-675页

作者： Shagufta YASMEEN Nintu MANdAL Anupam das Pritam GANGULY Sanjay kUMAR Rajiv RAkSHIT department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry Bihar Agricultural UniversitySabourBhagalpur 813210(India) department of Agronomy Bihar Agricultural UniversitySabourBhagalpur 813210(India)

Soil ecosystem is experiencing stresses due to climate change,and soil inhabitants try to demonstrate their inherent resistance and resilience against those *** of nanomaterials as agricultural inputs could bring shifts in resistance and resilience patterns of soil microbes and associated enzymes,especially under short-term heat *** this background,the impacts of multi-walled carbon nanotube(MWCNT)on the resistance and resilience of soil biological indicators were *** incubation experiment was conducted with varied MWCNT concentrations(0,50,100,250,and 500 mg kg-1soil)for 90 d after 24-h heat stress at 48±2?C to assess the impacts of MWCNT on soil enzyme activities and microbial populations vis-à-vis their resistance and resilience indices under short-term exposure to heat *** activities were reduced after exposure to heat *** indices of enzyme activities were enhanced by MWCNT application on day 1 after heat stress,whereas there was no recovery of enzyme activities after 90-d *** soil enzyme activities,resistance index values of soil microbial populations followed the similar trend and were improved by MWCNT ***-walled carbon nanotube has the potential to improve resistance indices of soil enzyme activities and microbial populations under heat stress,although they could not recover to their original state during periodical incubation after heat *** study helps to understand the relative changes of biological indicators under MWCNT and their ability to withstand heat stress.

关键词： enzyme activity heat stress microbial population nanomaterial recovery