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Polyplex interaction strength as a driver of potency during cancer immunotherapy

Nano Research 2018年第10期11卷 5642-5656页

作者： Shannon d. Tsai James i. Andorko Xiangbin zeng Joshua m. Gammon Christopher m. dewell Fischell department of Bioengineering University of Marylond 8278 Paint Branch Drive College Park MD 20742 USA Robert E. Fischell institute for Biomedicol devices University of Maryland 8278 Paint Branch Drive College Park MD 20742 USA United States department of Veterans Affairs Maryland VA Health Care System 10 North Greene Street Baltimore MD 21201 USA deportment of microbiology and immunology University of Maryland Medical School 685 West Baltimore Street Baltimore MD 21201 USA marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center 22 South Greene Street Baltimore MD 21201 USA

many experimental cancer vaccines are exploring toll-like receptor agonists （TLRas） such as CpG, a dNA motif that agonizes toll-like receptor 9 （TLR9）, to trigger immune responses that are potent and molecularly-specific. The ability to tune the immune response is especially important in the immunosuppressive microenvironments of tumors. Because TLR9 is located intracellularly, CpG must be internalized by immune cells for functionality. Polyplexes can be self- assembled through electrostatics using dNA （anionic） condensed by a positively charged carrier. These structures improve cell delivery and have been widely explored for gene therapy. in contrast, here we use cationic poly （^-amino esters）（PBAEs） to assemble polyplexes from CpG as an adjuvant to target and improve immune stimulation in cells and mouse models. Polyplexes were formed over a range of PBAE：CpG ratios, resulting in a library of complexes with increasingly positive charge and stronger binding as PBAE：CpG ratio increased. Although higher PBAE：CpG ratios exhibited improved CpG uptake, lower ratios of PBAE：CpG--which condensed CpG more weakly, activated dCs and tumorspecific T cells more effectively. in a mouse melanoma model, polyplexes with lower binding affinities improved survival more effectively compared with higher binding affinities. These data demonstrate that altering the polyplex interaction strength impacts accessibility of CpG to TLRs in immune cells. Thus, physiochemical properties, particularly the interplay between charge, uptake, and affinity, play a key role in determining the nature and efficacy of the immune response generated. This insight identifies new design considerations that must be balanced for engineering effective immunotherapies and vaccines.

关键词： cancer immunotherapy nanoparticle vaccine polyplex

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Four New Steroidal Alkaloids from the Roots of Sarcococca Vagans

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Chinese Chemical Letters 1997年第6期8卷 511-514页

作者： Yu, SS Zou, Zm zen, J Yu, dQ Cong, PZ CHiNESE ACAd mEd SCi INST MAT MEDBEIJING 100050PEOPLES R CHINA

Four new steroidal alkaloids, named sarcovagine A-d, were isolated from the roots of Sarcococca vagans. Their structures were determined as 20 alpha-dimethylamino-2 beta,4 beta-dihydroxy-3 beta-tigloylamino-5 alpha-pregnane (sarcovagine A, 1), 20 alpha-dimethylamino-2 alpha-hydroxy-4 beta-acetoxy-3 beta-tigloylamino-5 alpha-pregnane (sarcovagine B, 2), 20 alpha-dimethylamino-4 beta-acetoxy-3 beta-tigloylamino-5 alpha-pregnane (sarcovagine C, 3), 20 alpha-dimethylamino-3-tigloylamino-5 alpha-pregn-2(3)-en-4-one (sarcovagine d, 4), respectively.

关键词： Four New Steroidal Alkaloids from the Roots of Sarcococca Vagans HNmR data NH EimS ppm

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Analysis of global and local stress changes in a longwall gateroad

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international Journal of mining Science and Technology 2018年第1期28卷 127-135页

作者： i.B.Tulu G.S.Esterhuizen d.Gearhart T.m.Klemetti K.m.mohamed d.W.H.Su department of mining Engineering West Virginia University NiOSH Pittsburgh Mining Research Division

A numerical-model-based approach was recently developed for estimating the changes in both the horizontal and vertical loading conditions induced by an approaching longwall *** this approach, a systematic procedure is used to estimate the model's *** along the bedding planes is modeled with ubiquitous joint elements and interface *** is modeled with a newly developed coal mass *** response of the gob is calibrated with back analysis of subsidence data and the results of previously published laboratory tests on rock *** model results were verified with the subsidence and stress data recently collected from a longwall mine in the eastern United States.

关键词： Longwall mining Gateroad design Flac3d Horizontal angle Gob loading Hollow inclusion cells

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Unique marine Olenekian-Anisian Boundary Section from South Primorye, Russian Far East

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Journal of China University of Geosciences 2005年第3期16卷 219-230页

作者： Yuri d Zakharov Alexander m Popov Galina i Buryi Far Eastern Geological institute Russian Academy of Sciences (Far Eastern Branch) Stoletiya Prospect 159 Vladivostok 690022 RussiaFar Eastern Geological Institute Russian Academy of Sciences (Far Eastern Branch) Stoletiya Prospect 159 Vladivostok 690022 Russia Far Eastern Geological Institute Russian Academy of Sciences (Far Eastern Branch) Stoletiya Prospect 159 Vladivostok 690022 Russia

To show paleontological characteristics of the Olenekian-Anislan boundary beds in the Russian Far East, a review of new data on the Upper Olenekian and Lower Anisian biostratigraphy of South Primorye is given on the basis of five sections： Golyi Cape, Petrovka River, Zhitkov Peninsula, Tchernyschew Bay and Atlasov Cape, using new ammonoid, brachiopod and conodont findings. The most representative ammonoid assemblage at the base of the Anisian was discovered in the Ussuriphyllites amurensis Zone （10.6 m thick） of the Atlasov Cape Section： Parasageceras sp. nov., Prionitidae gen. et sp. nov. , Ussuriphyllites amurensis （Kiparisova）（dominant）, megaphyllites atlasoviensis Zakharov, Leiophyllites praematurus Kiparisova, Leiophyllites sp. , Ussurites sp. , Paradanubites sp. indet., Paracrochordiceras sp. nov., Prohungarites popowi Kiparisova, Arctohungarites primoriensis Zakharov, A. solimani （Toula）, Salterites sp. indet. （gigantic shell）, and Tropigastrites sublachontanus Zakharov. Conodonts Neospathodus cf. homeri （Bender） were found in the lower part of the Ussuriphyllites amurensis Zone of the Atlasov Cape. The Atlasov Cape seems to be one of the very promising sections of the Russian Far East for detailed investigation of the Olenekian-Anisian boundary.

关键词： South Primorye Triassic Olenekian-Anisian boundary ammonoid conodont

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Genetic variability and divergence studies in pod and seed traits of Pongamia pinnata(L.) Pierre., accessions in Bay islands

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Journal of Forestry Research 2014年第2期25卷 351-358页

作者： i. Jaisankar m. Sankaran d.R. Singh V. damodaran Central Agricultural Research institute Indian Council of Agricultural Research

in this study, we assessed the variability in pod, seed traits and oil content of 24 accessions of Pongamia pinnata collected from different parts of the Andaman and Nicobar islands, india. The experiment was conducted at the Central Agricultural Research institute, Port Blair during 2010 to 2011. The variability studies for pod and seed traits revealed that, the accession CPT-6 collected from New Wandoor in South Andaman recorded the maximum values for eight traits viz. pod length （75.51 mm）, pod width （34.62 mm）, pod thickness （17.55 mm）, 100 pod weight （770.33 g）, seed width （21.23 mm）, 100 seed weight （377.00 g）, oil percentage （43.92%） and germination percentage （94.7%）. However, the maximum seed length （26.46 mm） was recorded from CPT 2 and the maximum pod-seed ratio was obtained from CPT 13 and CPT 4 （2.50 and 2.44 respectively）. The phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variations were also close to each other for all traits, but the 100 pod and seed weight exhibited higher phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation than the other traits. Estimates of broad sense heritability ranged from 0.30 （for seed length） to 0.95 （pod length） and genetic ad- vance as percent of the mean ranged between 11.66% and 57.40% with seed length giving the lowest value and 100 pod weight giving the high- est value. Both the phenotypic and genotypic correlation between pod length, pod width, pod thickness, 100 pod weight, seed width and 100 seed weight and between pod thickness, 100 pod weight, seed width, 100 seed weight and germination percentage were found to be strong. On the basis of non hierarchical Euclidian cluster analysis, 24 accessions were grouped into six clusters. The maximum numbers of seven accessions were included in cluster Vi. The maximum intra cluster distance （10.238）shown by cluster Vi and the maximum inter cluster distance （17.021） between V and Hi followed by iii and ii （15.942）. Among the six clus- ters formed the cluster iii recorded maximum oil

关键词： Pongamia pinnata correlation heritabi!ity genetic gain genetic divergence oil percentage

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Slope stability evaluation and monitoring of a landslide: a case study from NE Turkey

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Journal of mountain Science 2020年第11期17卷 2624-2635页

作者： Ayberk KAYA Umit murat midiLLi Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Faculty of Engineering and ArchitectureDepartment of Civil EngineeringRize 53100Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Faculty of Engineering and ArchitectureDepartment of Geological EngineeringRize 53100Turkey

Landslides are quite common natural hazards in the eastern Black Sea region of NE *** the heavy rainfall in the K?prülü(Rize)village settlement area,located in this region where the slope debris overlies the agglomerates,a failure *** to the developed tension cracks and deformations on the ground,houses,tea gardens,and roads were damaged *** figure out the causes and mechanism of the sliding and to suggest the precautions,a detailed geotechnical study was carried *** the five survey lines,twelve boreholes were drilled with a total depth of 300 ***,the geophysical surveys on ten profiles were conducted and the inclinometer measurements were taken in five *** and disturbed samples were collected and laboratory experiments were *** measurements indicated that the sliding started in the slope debris and then spread to the agglomeratic *** slope stability was examined using the limit equilibrium(LE)and finite element(FEm)analysis *** results of the slope stability analyses showed that the failure mode is talus slide with composite shape and outputs coincide with the inclinometer monitoring *** on the collected data,it is determined that there will be unavoidable engineering problems if no precautions are *** of the negative reasons which make the application of supporting methods meaningless in the study area,it is considered that transferring the residences to a safer place without risk of natural hazards will be economical and reliable.

关键词： Landslide Stability Analysis monitoring Precaution Koprulu Village

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The Effect of Non-equilibrium Condensation on the drag Coefficient in a Transonic Airfoil Flow

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Journal of Thermal Science 2012年第6期21卷 518-524页

作者： i.W.Kim m.m.A.Alam S.J.Lee Y.d.Kwon S.B.Kwon School of mechanical Engineering Kyungpook Nat.Uni.1370Sankyuk-dongDaegu 702-701Korea dept.of Advanced & Control Eng.Saga Uni.Japan

in this study, a transonic flow past NACA0012 profile at angle of attack α=0^0 whose aspect ratio AR is 1.0 with non-equilibrium condensation is analyzed by numerical analysis using a TVd scheme and is investigated using an intermittent indraft type supersonic wind tunnel. Transonic flows of 0.78-0.90 in free stream mach number with the variations of the stagnation relative humidity（φ0） are tested. For the same free stream mach number, the increase in φ0 causes decrease in the drag coefficient of profile which is composed of the drag components of form, viscous and wave. in the case of the same moo and To, for more than φ0=30%, despite the irreversibility of process in non-equilibrium condensation, the drag by shock wave decreases considerably with the increase of φ0. On the other hand, it shows that the effect of condensation on the drag coefficients of form and viscous is negligible. As an example, the decreasing rate in the drag coefficient of profile caused by the influence of non-equilibrium condensation for the case of m∞=0.9 and φ0 =50% amounts to 34%. Also, it were turned out that the size of supersonic bubble （that is, the maximum height of supersonic zone） and the deviation of pressure coefficient from the value for m=1 decrease with the increase of φ0 for the same m∞.

关键词： Non-equilibrium condensation Transonic moist air drag coefficient Pressure coefficient

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Sensory quality of meat from eight different types of cattle in relation with their biochemical characteristics

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Journal of integrative Agriculture 2016年第7期15卷 1550-1563页

作者： m Gagaoua E m C Terlouw d micol J-F Hocquette A P moloney K Nuernberg d Bauchart A Boudjellal N d Scollan R i Richardson B Picard iNRA UMRH 1213Unite de Recherches sur les HerbivoresTheix63122 Saint Genes ChampanelleFrance VetAgro Sup UMRH 1213Unite de Recherches surles HerbivoresTheix63122 Saint Genes ChampanelleFrance Equipe maquav INA TAAUniversite Freres Mentouri ConstantineRoute de Ain El-Bey25000 ConstantineAlgeria Teagasc Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation CentreGrangeDunsanyCo.MeathIreland FBN Leibniz institute for Farm Animal Biology W-StahI-Allee 218196 DummerstorfGermany institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences(IBERS)Aberystwyth UniversityGogerddanAberystwyth SY23 3EBUnited Kingdom division of Farm Animal Science University of BristolLangford HouseBristol BS40 5DUUnited Kingdom

The present study compared eight breeds of cattle differing in gender （heifers, buls and steers） to determine associations between muscle characteristics and meat sensory qualities of theLongissimus thoracis muscle. Animal types differed in al the muscle characteristics and sensory qualities. many correlations among muscle characteristics and among sensory qualities were consistent for most animal types. isocitrate dehydrogenase （iCdH） activities alowed discrimination of muscles with respect to myosin heavy chain （myHC）-i proportions for al animal types. Lactate dehydrogenase （LdH） and phos-phofructokinase （PFK） activities were positively correlated for most animal types. Overal liking was correlated with beef lfavour and abnormal lfavour in al animal types and with global tenderness for al animal types except for Charolais cross breed steers. For al animal types except for Angus×Friesian heifers, beef lfavour and abnormal lfavour were negatively correlated. Overal liking was not correlated with juiciness. PFK, iCdH and citrate synthase （CS） activities were strongly associated with tenderness, beef lfavour and overal liking when average values for al animal types were used. However, associations between muscle characteristics and sensory qualities within animal types were weak and inconsistent.

关键词： cattle muscle characteristics meat sensory qualities gender breed prediction

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Energy efficiency in a water supply system:Energy consumption and CO_2 emission

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Water Science and Engineering 2010年第3期3卷 331-340页

作者： Helena m.RAmOS Filipe ViEiRA dídia i.C.COVAS department of Civil Engineering ISTTechnical University of Lisbon CEHidRO IST-DECivilLisbon 1049-001Portugal

This paper presents important fundamentals associated with water and energy efficiency and highlights the importance of using renewable energy sources. A model of multi-criteria optimization for energy efficiency based on water and environmental management policies, including the preservation of water resources and the control of water pressure and energy consumption through a hybrid energy solution, was developed and applied to a water supply system. The methodology developed includes three solutions：（1） the use of a water turbine in pipe systems where pressures are higher than necessary and pressure-reducing valves are installed, （2） the optimization of pumping operation according to the electricity tariff and water demand, and （3） the use of other renewable energy sources, including a wind turbine, to supply energy to the pumping station, with the remaining energy being sold to the national electric grid. The use of an integrated solution （water and energy-） proves to be a valuable input for creating benefits from available hydro energy in the water supply system in order to produce clean power, and the use of a wind source allows for the reduction of energy consumption in pumping stations, as well as of the CO2 emission to the atmosphere.

关键词： multi-criteria optimization energy efficiency water supply renewable energy sources CO2 emission

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Exocytosis,endocytosis and recycling of secretory vesicles in neuroendocrine cells,and its regulation by cortical actin

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BiOCELL 2022年第8期46卷 1867-1873页

作者： ANA m.CÁRdENAS i.GALLO FERNANdO d.mARENGO Centro interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de ValparaísoValparaíso2360102Chile instituto de Fisiología Biología Molecular y NeurocienciasCONICET.Departamento de Fisiología y Biología Molecular y CelularFacultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos AiresBuenos Aires1428Argentina

The cortical actin network is a mesh of filaments distributed beneath the plasmalemma that dynamically reacts in response to *** dynamic network of cortical filaments,together with motor myosin partners,adjusts the plasmalemma tension,organizes membrane protein microdomains,remodels the cell surface and drives vesicle motion in order to fine-tune exocytosis,endocytosis and recycling of secretory *** this review,we discuss how these mechanisms work in secretory cells.

关键词： Cortical actin Neuroendocrine cell Chromaffin cell Exocytosis Endocytosis

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