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deep learning-based prediction of 3-dimensional silver contact shapes enabling improved quality control in solar cell metallization

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Energy and AI 2024年第3期17卷 513-524页

作者： Marius Singler Akshay Patil Linda Ney Andreas Lorenz Sebastian Tepner florian Clement Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems(ISE) Heidenhofstr.279110 FreiburgGermany EKRA Automatisierungstechnik GmbH Zeppelinstraße 1674357 BonnigheimGermany

The industrial metallization of Si solar cells predominantly relies on screen printing,with silver as the preferred electrode ***,the design of commercial screens often leads to suboptimal silver usage and increased electrical resistance due to print-related inhomogeneities like mesh marks,constrictions and ***-time monitoring of quality parameters during production has thus become increasingly *** inline optical quality control systems usually only include 2d visualizations of the printed layout,which limits their effectiveness in quality *** that allow 3d measurements are usually slow,expensive,and therefore not worth considering in most *** research focuses on the development of a model that can estimate the three-dimensional shape of printed contact fingers from a single 2d image without the need of additional hardware using deep ***,a workflow for the generation of training data,which involves the creation of image pairs from a 2d microscope and a 3d confocal laser scanning microscope(CLSM)to accurately represent solar cell fingers,is *** model training,the predicted height maps are compared with the ground truth height maps,and the robustness of the model with respect to a paste variation and screen parameter variation is *** results confirm the feasibility and reliability of deep learning-based 3d shape estimation,extending its applicability to new,previously unseen data from screen-printed contact *** a structural similarity index(SSIM)score of 0.76,a strong correlation between the estimated and ground truth height maps is *** summary,our deep learning-based approach for height map estimation offers an effective and reliable solution for fast inline detection and analysis of the cross-sectional area of the printed contact fingers.

关键词： deep Learning Front-side metallization Image2Heigth Solar cell Screen-printing

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Mycorrhizal fungi mitigate nitrogen losses of an experimental grassland by facilitating plant uptake and soil microbial immobilization

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Pedosphere 2024年第2期34卷 399-410页

作者： Yangyang JIA Marcel G.A.VAN deR HEIJdeN Alain Y.VALZANO-HELd Markus JOCHER florian WALdeR Postdoctoral Mobile Station of Ecology College of Ecology and EnvironmentXinjiang UniversityÜrümqi 830046China Research Group Plant-Soil Interactions AgroscopeZürich 8046Switzerland Research Group Climate and Agriculture AgroscopeZürich 8046Switzerland department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of ZürichZürich 8008Switzerland Research Group Soil Quality and Soil Use AgroscopeZürich 8046Switzerland

Nitrogen(N)is one of the most limited nutrients of terrestrial ecosystems,whose losses are prevented in tightly coupled cycles in finely tuned *** change-induced N enrichment through atmospheric deposition and application of vast amounts of fertilizer are now challenging the terrestrial N *** mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)are known drivers of plant-soil nutrient fluxes,but a comprehensive assessment of AMF involvement in N cycling under global change is still ***,we simulated N enrichment by fertilization(low/high)in experimental grassland microcosms under greenhouse conditions in the presence or absence of AMF and continuously monitored different N pathways over nine *** found that high N enrichment by fertilization decreased the relative abundance of legumes and the plant species dominating the plant community changed from grasses to forbs in the presence of AMF,based on aboveground *** presence of AMF always maintained plant N:phosphorus(P)ratios between 14 and 16,no matter how the soil N availability *** in plant N:P ratios due to the increased plant N and P uptake might thus be a primary pathway of AMF altering plant community ***,we constructed a comprehensive picture of AMF’s role in N cycling,highlighting that AMF reduced N losses primarily by mitigating N leaching,while N_(2)O emissions played a marginal *** mycorrhizal fungi reduced N_(2)O emissions directly through the promotion of N_(2)O-consuming *** underlying mechanism for reducing N leaching is mainly the AMF-mediated improved nutrient uptake and AMF-associated microbial *** results indicate that synergies between AMF and other soil microorganisms cannot be ignored in N cycling and that the integral role of AMF in N cycling terrestrial ecosystems can buffer the upcoming global changes.

关键词： N cycling N enrichment N uptake N:P ratio plant community structure symbiotic soil fungi

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Evaluating edNA and eRNA metabarcoding for aquatic biodiversity assessment: From bacteria to vertebrates

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第5期21卷 396-404页

作者： Yan Zhang Yu Qiu Kai Liu Wenjun Zhong Jianghua Yang florian Altermatt Xiaowei Zhang State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control&Resource Reuse School of the EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing210023China department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of ZurichZürichSwitzerland department of Aquatic Ecology Eawag:Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and TechnologyDübendorfSwitzerland Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsFreshwater Fisheries Research CenterChinese Academy of Fishery SciencesWuxi214081China

The monitoring and management of aquatic ecosystems depend on precise estimates of *** analyses of environmental nucleic acids(eNAs),including environmental dNA(edNA)and environmental RNA(eRNA),have garnered attention for their cost-effective and non-invasive biomonitoring ***,the accuracy of biodiversity estimates obtained through eNAs can vary among different organismal *** we evaluate the performance of edNA and eRNA metabarcoding across nine organismal groups,ranging from bacteria to terrestrial vertebrates,in three crosssections of the Yangtze River,*** observe robust complementarity between edNA and eRNA *** relative detectability of eNAs was notably influenced by major taxonomic groups and organismal sizes,with edNA providing more robust signals for larger *** edNA and eRNA exhibited similar cross-sectional and longitudinal ***,the detectability of larger organisms declined in eRNA metabarcoding,possibly due to differential RNA release and.decay among different organismal groups or *** underscoring the potential of edNA and eRNA in large river biomonitoring,we emphasize the need for differential interpretation of edNA versus eRNA *** highlights the importance of careful method selection and interpretation in biomonitoring studies.

关键词： Environmental nucleic acids Aquatic biodiversity Organismal size Species detectability

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design and implementation of the monochromator shielding for the cold neutron spectrometers XINGZHI and BOYA

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第5期33卷 96-102页

作者：汪晋辰刘娟娟徐大业 florian Grünauer 郝丽杰刘蕴韬张红霞程鹏鲍威 Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Beijing Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials and MicroNano devices Department of PhysicsRenmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China Physics Consulting Zorneding 85604Germany China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413China department of Physics City University of Hong KongKowloon 999077China Center for Neutron Scattering City University of Hong KongKowloon 999077China

An innovative monochromator shielding is designed and implemented for the cold neutron spectrometers XINGZHI and BOYA operated by Renmin University of China at China Advanced Research *** Monte Carlo simulations and careful mechanical designs,a shielding configuration has been successfully developed to satisfy safety requirements of below 3μSv/h dose rate at its exterior,meanwhile fulfilling space,floor load and nonmagnetic *** materials are utilized to form the sandwich-type shielding walls:the inner layer of boron carbide rubber,the middle layer of steel-encased lead and the outer layer of borated ***-shaped liftable shielding blocks are incorporated to facilitate a continuous adjustment of the neutron energy while preventing radiation *** work has demonstrated that by utilizing composite shielding materials,along with the sandwich structure and liftable shielding blocks,a compact and lightweight shielding solution can be *** enables the realization of advanced neutron scattering instruments that provide expanded space of measurement,larger energy and momentum coverage,and higher flux on the *** shielding represents the first of its kind in neutron scattering instruments in *** its successful operation,it has been subsequently employed by other neutron instruments across the country.

关键词： neutron scattering cold neutron spectrometer monochromator shielding sandwich shielding structure

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入侵种真江蓠保护性细菌与条件致病菌的分离与鉴定

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中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第4期54卷 78-85页

作者：侯明磊任艺飞 Luisa düsedau florian Weinberger 王高歌中国海洋大学海洋生命学院山东青岛266003 中国海洋大学海洋生物多样性与进化研究所山东青岛266003 亥姆霍兹海洋研究中心海洋生态学部德国基尔24105

为了解海水升温对入侵种真江蓠可培养附生细菌群落的影响,运用德国基尔Helmhotlz海洋研究中心的Benthocosm系统和传统的微生物培养方法,分离、鉴定了23和26℃条件下入侵种真江蓠表面的附生细菌,通过分析16S rRNA基因同源性来进行分离菌... 详细信息

为了解海水升温对入侵种真江蓠可培养附生细菌群落的影响,运用德国基尔Helmhotlz海洋研究中心的Benthocosm系统和传统的微生物培养方法,分离、鉴定了23和26℃条件下入侵种真江蓠表面的附生细菌,通过分析16S rRNA基因同源性来进行分离菌株的鉴定,并通过侵染实验筛选出保护性细菌和条件致病菌。本研究共分离、纯化79株细菌,其中鉴定出的菌种有粪肠球菌(Enterococcus faecalis)、墨西哥微小杆菌(Exiguobacterium mexicanum)、Mammaliicoccus sciuri、溶藻弧菌(Vibrio alginolyticus)、新喀里多尼亚弧菌(Vibrio neocaledonicus)和相模原弧菌(Vibrio sagamiensis),隶属于厚壁菌门和变形菌门。侵染实验结果显示,相模原弧菌是保护性细菌,粪肠球菌、溶藻弧菌和新喀里多尼亚弧菌是条件致病菌。本研究丰富了入侵海藻真江蓠表面附生细菌的知识体系,同时,筛选的保护性菌株为防控真江蓠白化病的爆发提供技术支撑。

关键词：真江蓠温度表面附生细菌保护性细菌条件致病菌

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Supercritical fluid technology as a sustainable alternative method for textile dyeing:An approach on waste,energy,and CO_(2)emission reduction

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第6期140卷 123-145页

作者： Carlos Rafael Silva de Oliveira Patrícia Viera de Oliveira Leandro Pellenz Catia Rosana Lange de Aguiar Afonso Henrique da Silva Júnior Federal University of Santa Catarina Textile Engineering Department2514 João Pessoa St.BlumenauSC89036-004Brazil Federal University of Santa Catarina Chemical Engineering DepartmentS/n Biotério Central St.FlorianópolisSC88040-900Brazil

The clothing industry is considered one of the most polluting industries on the planet due to the high consumption of water,energy,chemicals/dyes,and high generation of solid waste and *** with environmental concerns,the textile ennoblement sector is the most critical of the textile production chain,especially the traditional dyeing *** an alternative to current problems,dyeing with supercritical CO_(2)(scCO_(2))has been presented as a clean and efficient process for a sustainable textile *** fluid dyeing(SFd)has shown a growing interest due to its significant impact on environmental preservation and social,economic,and financial *** main SFd benefits include economy and reuse of non-adsorbed dyes;reduction of process time and energy expenditure;capture of atmospheric CO_(2)(greenhouse gas);use and recycling of CO_(2)in SFd;generation of carbon credits;water-free process;effluent-free process;reduction of CO_(2)emission and auxiliary *** being still a non-scalable and evolving technology,SFd is the future of *** review presented a comprehensive overview of the environmental impacts caused by traditional processes and confronted the advantages of *** SFd technique was introduced,along with its latest advances and future *** and environmental gains were also discussed.

关键词： Textile industry Supercritical dyeing Sustainable processes Water free dyeing Energy saving Cleaner production

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石墨炔:一种用于合成水污染物有效吸附剂的新型炭材料

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新型炭材料（中英文） 2024年第2期39卷 173-200页

作者： Gaurav Sharma Yaksha Verma Amit Kumar Pooja dhiman WANG Tong-tong florian JStadler 深圳大学材料科学与工程学院深圳市高分子科学与技术重点实验室广东省功能材料界面工程研究中心南山区生物高分子与安全性评价重点实验室广东深圳518055 International Research Centre of Nanotechnology for Himalayan Sustainability(IRCNHS) Shoolini UniversityHimachal Pradesh 173229India 西安建筑科技大学跨学科与创新研究院陕西西安710055

石墨炔(GdY)是一种新生的二维材料,其在去除水溶液中污染物的研究方面引起了广泛关注。GdY是sp和sp2杂化碳原子的框架,其在二维对称网络中存在苯环和二乙基键,因此具有优异的共轭性、独特的可调谐电子性能、以及优异的化学和热稳定性。... 详细信息

石墨炔(GdY)是一种新生的二维材料,其在去除水溶液中污染物的研究方面引起了广泛关注。GdY是sp和sp2杂化碳原子的框架,其在二维对称网络中存在苯环和二乙基键,因此具有优异的共轭性、独特的可调谐电子性能、以及优异的化学和热稳定性。GdY的分子中有C≡C键,且具有均匀分布的三角形孔,可提供更多的反应位点和多种反应路径。因而,GdY具有吸附性,其作为吸附剂时在去除污染水中的油、有机污染物、染料和金属方面表现优异。在已发表的文献中,GdY被用作吸附剂的报道十分有限。本文综述了GdY的合成方法、GdY作为吸附剂的应用以及GdY基吸附剂的表征,并展望了GdY在污染物修复中的应用前景。

关键词：石墨炔合成吸附污染物合理机制

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Rheological and stability analysis of cement pastes incorporating silica-based wastes

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Particuology 2024年第6期89卷 144-152页

作者： Julia da Rosa Martins Janaíde Cavalcante Rocha dachamir Hotza Luciano Senff Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering(PPGMAT) Federal University of Santa Catarina(UFSC)Florianópolis88040-900SCBrazil Graduate Program in Civil Engineering(PPGEC) Federal University of Santa Catarina(UFSC)Florianópolis88040-900SCBrazil Graduate Program in Chemical Engineering(POSENQ) Federal University of Santa Catarina(UFSC)Florianópolis88040-900SCBrazil department of Mobility Engineering Federal University of Santa Catarina(UFSC)Joinville89219-600SCBrazil

This study investigates the influence of waste characteristics,especially zeta potential,on the properties of cement pastes and *** focus is to evaluate the impact of the zeta potential of cement particles and waste materials on the sedimentation speed,rheology,and hardening time of stabilized cement *** Cement II F 40,retarder additive,silica,and fly ash were used in the *** pastes were prepared,and during the stabilization period,their rheological properties and pH were *** zeta potential and sedimentation speed of the cement and waste particles were measured at the pH that the pastes presented during the entire stabilization *** the stabilization period,the pastes were subjected to the hardening time *** zeta potential analyses revealed diverse values for the different powder types,with the cement particles exhibiting a zeta potential of−3.0 mV,the silica particles exhibiting−10.5 mV,and the fly ash particles exhibiting−20.3 *** influence of the high zeta potential modulus was observed on the sedimentation speed,with the solution containing fly ash exhibiting a speed of 40.01μm/s,whereas the solution containing only cement exhibited a speed of 99.38μm/*** the pastes,the results indicate that the presence of fly ash particles with a significantly negative zeta potential led to a 16%reduction in hardening time compared to particles with a lower modulus of zeta *** tests showed that the inclusion of fly ash particles prevented the formation of *** the zeta potential influenced agglomerate formation and hardening time,it was found to have no effect on yield stress or viscosity.

关键词： Wastes Zeta potential Setting time Rheometry

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Two adjacent NLR genes conferring quantitative resistance to clubroot disease in Arabidopsis are regulated by a stably inherited epiallelic variation

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Plant Communications 2024年第5期5卷 148-162页

作者： Antoine Gravot Benjamin Lie gard Leandro Quadrana florian Veillet Yoann Aigu Tristan Bargain Juliette Benejam Christine Lariagon Jocelyne Lemoine Vincent Colot Maria J.Manzanares-dauleux Melanie Jubault IGEPP Institut Agro INRAEUniversitede Rennes35650 Le RheuFrance Institut de Biologie de l’Ecole Normale Superieure(IBENS) Ecole Normale SuperieureCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique(CNRS)Institut National de la Santeet de la Recherche Medicale(INSERM)75005 ParisFrance IGEPP INRAE Institut AgroUniversitede Rennes29260 PloudanielFrance Present address:Aix-Marseille University CEACNRSInstitute of Biosciences and BiotechnologiesBIAM Cadarache13108 Saint-Paul-lez-DuranceFrance.

Clubroot caused by the protist Plasmodiophora brassicae is a major disease affecting cultivated *** a combination of quantitative trait locus(QTL)fine mapping,CRISPR-Cas9 validation,and extensive analyses of dNA sequence and methylation patterns,we revealed that the two adjacent neigh-boring NLR(nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat)genes AT5G47260 and AT5G47280 cooperate in controlling broad-spectrum quantitative partial resistance to the root pathogen *** in Arabidopsis and that they are epigenetically *** variation in dNA methylation is not associated with any nucleotide variation or any transposable element presence/absence variants and is stably ***-ations in dNA methylation at the Pb-At5.2 QTL are widespread across Arabidopsis accessions and corre-late negatively with variations in expression of the two *** study demonstrates that natural,stable,and transgenerationally inherited epigenetic variations can play an important role in shaping resistance to plant pathogens by modulating the expression of immune receptors.

关键词： methylation clubroot Plasmodiophora brassicae AT5G47260 AT5G47280 AdR1-L3 ddm1

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入侵红藻真江蓠(Gracilaria vermiculophylla)和非入侵红藻绳状龙须菜(Gracilariopsis chorda)的比较转录组研究

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海洋与湖沼 2024年第3期55卷 700-711页

作者：马萌向锦茜薛开学王高歌 WEINBERGER florian 胡自民烟台大学海洋学院山东烟台264005 青岛西海岸新区海洋发展局山东青岛266427 中国海洋大学海洋生物多样性与进化研究所/海洋生命学院山东青岛266003 Marine Ecology division GEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung KielDüsternbrooker Weg 20Kiel 24105Germany

红藻真江蓠(Gracilaria vermiculophylla)是西北太平洋地区特有种,但在过去100年间它借助海运(太平洋牡蛎养殖)快速入侵到北美、欧洲和地中海等沿海栖息地,对当地的生物多样性、海洋环境和生态系统等造成重大影响。为从分子水平初步了... 详细信息

红藻真江蓠(Gracilaria vermiculophylla)是西北太平洋地区特有种,但在过去100年间它借助海运(太平洋牡蛎养殖)快速入侵到北美、欧洲和地中海等沿海栖息地,对当地的生物多样性、海洋环境和生态系统等造成重大影响。为从分子水平初步了解真江蓠成功入侵的潜在机制,文章对其入侵起源地——日本北部的真江蓠及非入侵种——绳状龙须菜(Gracilariopsis chorda)进行了同质园实验(common garden experiment)处理后的比较转录组研究,以探究该地区入侵属性不同的两种红藻间的基因表达差异。结果表明,真江蓠和绳状龙须菜共有基因序列集(Universal Gene,unigene)主要集中在核糖体、嘌呤和嘧啶代谢等通路。其中,在真江蓠中光系统II反应中心蛋白d1(photosystem II reaction center protein d1)、细胞色素P450单加氧酶(cytochrome P450 monooxygenase)和核酮糖1,5二磷酸羧化酶大亚基(Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large subunit,rbcL)等基因的表达量显著上调,而逆转录转座子蛋白(retrotransposon protein)、细胞壁相关的水解酶(cell wall-associated hydrolase)和金属离子转运蛋白Nramp5的表达既上调也下调。与光合作用过程相关基因的大量表达可能有助于真江蓠应对逆境胁迫,特别是光系统Ⅱd1反应中心蛋白表达量升高可能有助于藻体修复光系统Ⅱ复合体,从而制造更多的有机物以备藻体生长所需。而金属离子转运蛋白Nramp5等的上调和下调则表明江蓠等红藻可能通过某些基因表达量的增减对不同的环境变动作出响应。总体而言,代谢过程中的资源再分配很可能是驱动真江蓠适应和耐受新的生境的主要分子机制。

关键词：海藻入侵环境适应光合作用转录调控资源再分配

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