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Unveiling urbanization effects on trees outside forests along the urban-rural gradient in megacity bengaluru

Forest Ecosystems 2025年第01期 56-65页

作者： Tao Jiang Maximilian Freudenberg Christoph Kleinn v.P.Tewari b.N.diwakara Nils N?lke Forest Inventory and Remote Sensing department Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology University of G?ttingen Himalayan Forest Research Institute ICFRE Institute of Wood Science and Technology IWST

Rapid urbanization has caused significant changes along the urban-rural gradient, leading to a variety of landscapes that are mainly shaped by human activities. This dynamic interplay also influences the distribution and characteristics of trees outside forests(TOF). Understanding the pattern of these trees will support informed decision-making in urban planning, in conservation strategies, and altogether in sustainable land management practices in the urban context. In this study, we employed a deep learning-based object detection model and high resolution satellite imagery to identify 1.3 million trees with bounding boxes within a 250 km2research transect spanning the urban-rural gradient of bengaluru, a megacity in Southern India. Additionally, we developed an allometric equation to estimate diameter at breast height(dbH) from the tree crown diameter(Cd) derived from the detected bounding boxes. Our study focused on analyzing variations in tree density and tree size along this gradient. The findings revealed distinct patterns: the urban domain displayed larger tree crown diameters(mean:8.87 m) and dbH(mean: 43.78 cm) but having relatively low tree density(32 trees per hectare). Furthermore,with increasing distance from the city center, tree density increased, while the mean tree crown diameter and mean tree basal area decreased, showing clear differences of tree density and size between the urban and rural domains in bengaluru. This study offers an efficient methodology that helps generating instructive insights into the dynamics of TOF along the urban-rural gradient. This may inform urban planning and management strategies for enhancing green infrastructure and biodiversity conservation in rapidly urbanizing cities like bengaluru.

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Synthesis,characterization and application of PvA/ionic liquid mixed matrix membranes for pervaporation dehydration of isopropanol

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2017年第10期25卷 1402-1411页

作者： Ganesh b.Thorat Smita Gupta Z.v.P.murthy department of Chemical Engineering Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology Surat 395007 Gujarat India

In this study,polyvinyl alcohol(PvA)–ionic liquid(IL) membranes were prepared for the separation of isopropyl alcohol(IPA)–water azeotropic mixtures by ***-IL composite membranes were prepared by simple solvent evaporation method using four ILs,viz.,1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride(bMIMCl),1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride(HMIMCl),1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium tetra fluoroborate(HMIMbF4) and 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride(OMIMCl).Three ILs were used to study the effect of alkyl chain on the pervaporation *** study had focused on the effect feed water concentration from 10%–40%and effect of feed temperature from 50–80°*** properties of all the membranes were studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and contact angle *** Arrhenius activation energies for permeation were estimated to be in the range 4–12 kJ·mol-1 from the temperature dependent permeation values.

关键词： Composite membranes Ionic liquids dehydration Isopropanol Pervaporation

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Unlocking hypoglycemia–associated brain microvascular dysfunction:critical insights from proteomic analysis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1707-1708页

作者： Siva S.v.P.Sakamuri Anil Sakamuri department of Chemistry Auburn University at MontgomeryMontgomeryALUSA vascular biology Center and department of Medicine Medical College of Georgia at Augusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA

Hypoglycemia-a critical complication linked to worsened brain function in diabetic subjects:Hypoglycemia is characterized by a decline in circulatory glucose levels below sta nda rd physiological *** hypoglycemia,classified as level 1 hypoglycemia,is defined by blood glucose levels below 70 mg/dL and can be effectively addressed through carbohydrate *** hypoglycemia,denoted by blood glucose levels less than 54 mg/dL,poses a life-threatening risk if left *** with type 1 and type 2 diabetes undergoing insulin treatment are particularly susceptible to hypoglycemia due to impaired counterregulatory mechanisms.

关键词： impaired intake critical

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Cortical hem signaling center: functions, development, and potential implications for evolution and brain disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1079-1080页

作者： victor v.Chizhikov Igor Y.Iskusnykh department of Anatomy and Neurobiology University of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTNUSA

development of the telencephalon relies upon several signaling centers-localized cellular populations that supply secreted factors to pattern the cortical *** such signaling center is the cortical hem,which arises during embryonic development at the telencephalic dorsal midline,adjacent to the choroid plexus and hippocampal primordium(Figure 1A).While the cortical hem has also been described in reptiles and birds,most of our knowledge about the developmental roles of the cortical hem is derived from the analysis in *** cortical hem produces several types of secreted molecules,including wingless-related integration site(Wnt)and bone morphogenetic(bmp)*** cortical hem is particularly important for the development of the hippocampus,which is involved in learning and memory,and the neocortex,which is the most complex brain region that mediates multiple types of behavior and higher cognitive functions(Mangale et al.,2008;dal-valle-Anton and borrell,2022).

关键词： epithelium Figure center

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Some hydrodynamic aspects of 3-phase inverse fluidized bed

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China Particuology 2007年第5期5卷 351-356页

作者： Krishna S.v.S.R. bandaru d.v.S. murthy K. Krishnaiah department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras

Hydrodynamics of 3-phase inverse fluidized bed is studied experimentally using low density particles for different liquid and gas velocities. The hydrodynamic characteristics studied include pressure drop, minimum liquid and gas fluidization velocities and phase holdups. The minimum liquid fluidization velocity determined using the bed pressure gradient, decreases with increase in gas velocity. The axial profiles of phase holdups shows that the liquid holdup increases along the bed height, whereas the solid holdup decreases down the bed. However, the gas holdup is almost uniform in the bed.

关键词： Inverse fluidization Inverse fluidized bed Hydrodynamics Phase holdup Axial holdup

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Embeddings of Generalised Morrey Smoothness Spaces

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2025年第1期41卷 413-456页

作者： dorothee d.Haroske Zhen Liu Susana d.Moura Leszek Skrzypczak Institute of Mathematics Friedrich Schiller University JenaJena 07737Germany University of Coimbra Department of MathematicsCMUCCoimbra 3000-143Portugal Faculty of Mathematics&Computer Science Adam Mickiewicz Universityul.Uniwersytetu Pozna´nskiego 4Pozna´n 61-614Poland

We study embeddings between generalised Triebel–Lizorkin–Morrey spacesε_(ϕ,p,q)^(s)(R^(d))and within the scales of further generalised Morrey smoothness spaces like N_(ϕ,p,q)^(s)(R^(d)),b_(p,q)^(s,ϕ)(R^(d))and F_(p,q)^(s,ϕ)(R^(d)).The latter have been investigated in a recent paper by the first two authors(2023),while the embeddings of the scale N_(ϕ,p,q)^(s)(R^(d))were mainly obtained in a paper of the first and last two authors(2022).Now we concentrate on the characterisation of the spacesε_(ϕ,p,q)^(s)(R^(d)).Our approach requires a wavelet characterisation of those spaces which we establish for the system of daubechies’*** we prove necessary and sufficient conditions for the embeddingε_(ϕ1,p1,q1)^(s1)(R^(d))→ε_(2ϕ2,p2,q2)^(s)(R^(d)).We can also provide some almost final answer to the question whenε_(ϕ,p,q)^(s)(R^(d))is embedded into C(R^(d)),complementing our recent findings in case of N_(ϕ,p,q)^(s)(R^(d)).

关键词： Generalised Morrey spaces generalised besov-type space generalised Triebel–Lizorkintype space generalised besov–Morrey space generalised Triebel-Lizorkin-Morrey space embeddings wavelet decompositions

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Synergistic effect of nano-silica slurries for cementing oil and gas wells

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Petroleum Research 2020年第1期5卷 83-91页

作者： R.v.v.Ramana murthy murthy Chavali Faruq Mohammad division of Chemistry Department of Sciences and HumanitiesVignan’s Foundation for ScienceTechnology and Research University(Vignan’s University)Vadlamudi 522213 Guntur DistrictAndhra PradeshIndia b PG department of Chemistry Dharma Appa Rao CollegeNuzvid 521201 Krishna DistrictAndhra PradeshIndia Shree velagapudi Ramakrishna Memorial College(SvRMC-PG Studies) NAAC’A’Grade&ISO 9001:2015 Certified(Autonomous)Nagaram 522268 Guntur DistrictAndhra PradeshIndia MCETRC TenaliGuntur 522201 Andhra PradeshIndia Surfactants Research Chair King Saud UniversityCollege of ScienceRiyadh 11451 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Nanosilica,when combined with cement slurry aids in improving its compressive strength even,reduces the wait-on-cement time for cement *** study focuses on the synergistic effect of nano-silica in oil and gas well cementing.A comparative study is conducted on the performance of cement slurry(conventional 118 pcf(15.8 lbm/gal))with nanosilica and cement slurry without *** cement slurry combined with nano-silica has shown an early compressive strength development in cement slurry at different concentration of silica fume at 10% and 20% by weight of *** study also focuses on other areas for improvement including slurry stability,free fluid reduction,lower fluid loss value,fine rheology,appropriate thickening time and higher ultimate compressive strength *** cement slurry with nano-silica has shown improvement in the compressive strength due to the increased rate of hydration,thus thickening time was within 5hrs.

关键词： Nanosilica Thickening time Compressive strength Ultrasonic cement analyzer

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Neuroinflammation revisited through the microglial lens

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1989-1990页

作者： Renato Socodato João b.Relvas Institute of Research and Innovation in Health(i3S)and Institute for Molecular and Cell biology(IbMC) University of PortoPortoPortugal department of biomedicine Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto(FMUP)PortoPortugal

Neuroimmunology is emerging as a pivotal field,shedding light on the intricate dialogues between the central nervous system(CNS)and the immune *** exploration is particularly significant in understanding microglia,the CNS’s innate immune cells,beyond the conventional conflation of“neuroinflammation”and“microglial activation.”This conflation has clouded the true complexity of these processes,potentially stalling scientific progress and the development of new *** challenge the long-standing perspectives that have oversimplified these interactions,advocating for a deeper exploration of the dynamic relationship between neuroinflammation and microglial *** dissecting specific molecular pathways,we aim to illuminate their elaborate roles in neuroinflammatory responses,especially in the context of Alzheimer’s disease(Ad).Here,neuroinflammation is not merely a passive observer or a direct antagonist but a complex agent in the disease’s *** article calls for a significant paradigm shift towards an integrative,multi-omics approach to *** such a comprehensive framework is crucial for advancing our understanding of neuroinflammatory conditions and paving the way for targeted therapeutic strategies for brain diseases.

关键词： inflammation simplified activation

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Mathematical modelling of couple stresses on fluid flow in constricted tapered artery in presence of slip velocity-effects of catheter

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2014年第8期35卷 947-958页

作者： J.v.R.REddY d.SRIKANTH S.K.murthy department of Applied Mathematics Defence Institute of Advanced Technology Deemed UniversityPune 411025MaharastraIndia

This paper explores the mathematical model for couple stress fluid flow through an annular region. The above model is used for studying the blood flow be-tween the clogged （stenotic） artery and the catheter. The asymmetric nature of the stenosis is considered. The closed form expressions for the physiological parameters such as impedance and shear stress at the wall are obtained. The effects of various geomet-ric parameters and the parameters arising out of the fluid considered are discussed by considering the slip velocity and tapering angle. The study of the above model is very significant as it has direct applications in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

关键词： blood flow couple stress fluid stenosed artery tapered artery catheter

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vanadium-doped Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles Formation in Presence of Ionic Liquids and Their Use in Photocatalytic degradation of Methylene blue

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2016年第3期29卷 253-264页

作者： Harshad R.Patil Z.v.P.murthy department of Chemical Engineering S.V.National Institute of Technology R&d division Hazira Manufacturing DivisionReliance Industries Limited

Magnesium oxide（MgO） is one of the metal oxides having unique properties with numerous potential industrial *** this study,MgO and vanadium-doped MgO nanoparticles were synthesized by sol–gel method in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [bMIM][bF_4] and 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [OMIM][bF_4] ionic ***-doped MgO nanoparticles exhibited nanosphere and nanorod morphologies with 40–80 nm in particle size,primarily due to the influence of ionic liquids as demonstrated by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron *** of nanoparticles were also studied by thermal gravimetric analysis,X-ray diffraction and energy-dispersive X-ray *** ability of synthesized nanoparticles was evaluated for methylene blue（Mb） in specially designed Uv *** is found to be dependent on doping,and particle characteristics change due to the influence of ionic *** ionic liquid-assisted vanadium-doped MgO nanoparticles showed good reusability under Uv irradiation and Mb degradation ability under visible light.

关键词： Ionic liquid vanadium pentoxide Magnesium oxide Sol–gel Photocatalytic activity

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